Digital competence in higher education research: A systematic literature review.

In the information and knowledge society, where technology develops rapidly and penetrates deeply into our lives, the discussion about digital competence has become a hot topic today. After the emergence of the Coronavirus (Covid-19) and with its huge impact on the education industry, the concern about digital competence has reached a new height. This systematic literature review uses Web of science and Scopus as databases to store and analyze the existing research on digital competence in higher education settings. The purpose of this review is to provide the scholar community with a current overview of digital competence research from 2015 to 2021 in the context of higher education regarding the definition of digital competence, dimensions used to evaluate digital competence, research purposes, methodologies, and results and limitations. Major findings include that the majority of publications cited both research and EU policy in describing the definition of digital competence. The review indicates that most university students and teachers have a basic level of digital competence. Besides, the institutions of higher education are encouraged to focus on the development students and teachers' digital competence, create relevant learning strategies and use appropriate tools to improve the quality of education.

A personalized intervention to prevent depression in primary care: cost-effectiveness study nested into a clustered randomized trial.

BACKGROUND: Depression is viewed as a major and increasing public health issue, as it causes high distress in the people experiencing it and considerable financial costs to society. Efforts are being made to reduce this burden by preventing depression. A critical component of this strategy is the ability to assess the individual level and profile of risk for the development of major depression. This paper presents the cost-effectiveness of a personalized intervention based on the risk of developing depression carried out in primary care, compared with usual care. METHODS: Cost-effectiveness analyses are nested within a multicentre, clustered, randomized controlled trial of a personalized intervention to prevent depression. The study was carried out in 70 primary care centres from seven cities in Spain. Two general practitioners (GPs) were randomly sampled from those prepared to participate in each centre (i.e. 140 GPs), and 3326 participants consented and were eligible to participate. The intervention included the GP communicating to the patient his/her individual risk for depression and personal risk factors and the construction by both GPs and patients of a psychosocial programme tailored to prevent depression. In addition, GPs carried out measures to activate and empower the patients, who also received a leaflet about preventing depression. GPs were trained in a 10- to 15-h workshop. Costs were measured from a societal and National Health care perspective. Qualityadjustedlife years were assessed using the EuroQOL five dimensions questionnaire. The time horizon was 18 months. RESULTS: With a willingness-to-pay threshold of €10,000 (£8568) the probability of cost-effectiveness oscillated from 83% (societal perspective) to 89% (health perspective). If the threshold was increased to €30,000 (£25,704), the probability of being considered cost-effective was 94% (societal perspective) and 96%, respectively (health perspective). The sensitivity analysis confirmed these results. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with usual care, an intervention based on personal predictors of risk of depression implemented by GPs is a cost-effective strategy to prevent depression. This type of personalized intervention in primary care should be further developed and evaluated. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01151982. Registered on June 29, 2010.

Intervention to Prevent Major Depression in Primary Care: A Cluster Randomized Trial.

BACKGROUND: Not enough is known about universal prevention of depression in adults. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention to prevent major depression. DESIGN: Multicenter, cluster randomized trial with sites randomly assigned to usual care or an intervention. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01151982). SETTING: 10 primary care centers in each of 7 cities in Spain. PARTICIPANTS: Two primary care physicians (PCPs) and 5236 nondepressed adult patients were randomly sampled from each center; 3326 patients consented and were eligible to participate. INTERVENTION: For each patient, PCPs communicated individual risk for depression and personal predictors of risk and developed a psychosocial program tailored to prevent depression. MEASUREMENTS: New cases of major depression, assessed every 6 months for 18 months. RESULTS: At 18 months, 7.39% of patients in the intervention group (95% CI, 5.85% to 8.95%) developed major depression compared with 9.40% in the control (usual care) group (CI, 7.89% to 10.92%) (absolute difference, -2.01 percentage points [CI, -4.18 to 0.16 percentage points]; P = 0.070). Depression incidence was lower in the intervention centers in 5 cities and similar between intervention and control centers in 2 cities. LIMITATION: Potential self-selection bias due to nonconsenting patients. CONCLUSION: Compared with usual care, an intervention based on personal predictors of risk for depression implemented by PCPs provided a modest but nonsignificant reduction in the incidence of major depression. Additional study of this approach may be warranted. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Institute of Health Carlos III.

Efficacy of a cognitive and behavioural psychotherapy applied by primary care psychologists in patients with mixed anxiety-depressive disorder: a research protocol.

BACKGROUND: In contrast with the recommendations of clinical practice guidelines, the most common treatment for anxiety and depressive disorders in primary care is pharmacological. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of a cognitive-behavioural psychological intervention, delivered by primary care psychologists in patients with mixed anxiety-depressive disorder compared to usual care. METHODS/DESIGN: This is an open-label, multicentre, randomized, and controlled study with two parallel groups. A random sample of 246 patients will be recruited with mild-to-moderate mixed anxiety-depressive disorder, from the target population on the lists of 41 primary care doctors. Patients will be randomly assigned to the intervention group, who will receive standardised cognitive-behavioural therapy delivered by psychologists together with usual care, or to a control group, who will receive usual care alone. The cognitive-behavioural therapy intervention is composed of eight individual 60-minute face-to face sessions conducted in eight consecutive weeks. A follow-up session will be conducted over the telephone, for reinforcement or referral as appropriate, 6 months after the intervention, as required. The primary outcome variable will be the change in scores on the Short Form-36 General Health Survey. We will also measure the change in the frequency and intensity of anxiety symptoms (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) and depression (Beck Depression Inventory) at baseline, and 3, 6 and 12 months later. Additionally, we will collect information on the use of drugs and health care services. DISCUSSION: The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of a primary care-based cognitive-behavioural psychological intervention in patients with mixed anxiety-depressive disorder. The international scientific evidence has demonstrated the need for psychologists in primary care. However, given the differences between health policies and health services, it is important to test the effect of these psychological interventions in our geographical setting. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT01907035 (July 22, 2013).

Approach and treatment of suicidal behavior in the clinical practice of different groups of health professionals in Spain: results of the project euregena.

According to the WHO (World Health Organization) and the European Union, suicide is considered to be a health problem of prime importance and to be one of the principal causes of unnatural death. In Spain, the number of suicides has increased 12% since 2005 . The Research Project "European Regions Enforcing Actions against Suicide (EUREGENAS), funded by the Health Program 2008-2013, has as main objective the description of an integrated model of Mental Health orientated to the prevention of suicide. The differences that allow distinguishing the meaning of prevention in suicide behavior are described and explained through a qualitative methodological strategy and through the creation of discussion groups formed by different groups of health professionals. The results highlight the existing differences between the diverse health professionals who come more in contact with this problem and it shows as well the coincidence of meaning that suicide has to be considered as a priority in the field of health.

Preventing the onset of major depression based on the level and profile of risk of primary care attendees: protocol of a cluster randomised trial (the predictD-CCRT study).

BACKGROUND: The 'predictD algorithm' provides an estimate of the level and profile of risk of the onset of major depression in primary care attendees. This gives us the opportunity to develop interventions to prevent depression in a personalized way. We aim to evaluate the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of a new intervention, personalized and implemented by family physicians (FPs), to prevent the onset of episodes of major depression. METHODS/DESIGN: This is a multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT), with cluster assignment by health center and two parallel arms. Two interventions will be applied by FPs, usual care versus the new intervention predictD-CCRT. The latter has four components: a training workshop for FPs; communicating the level and profile of risk of depression; building up a tailored bio-psycho-family-social intervention by FPs to prevent depression; offering a booklet to prevent depression; and activating and empowering patients. We will recruit a systematic random sample of 3286 non-depressed adult patients (1643 in each trial arm), nested in 140 FPs and 70 health centers from 7 Spanish cities. All patients will be evaluated at baseline, 6, 12 and 18 months. The level and profile of risk of depression will be communicated to patients by the FPs in the intervention practices at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Our primary outcome will be the cumulative incidence of major depression (measured by CIDI each 6 months) over 18 months of follow-up. Secondary outcomes will be health-related quality of life (SF-12 and EuroQol), and measurements of cost-effectiveness and cost-utility. The inferences will be made at patient level. We shall undertake an intention-to-treat effectiveness analysis and will handle missing data using multiple imputations. We will perform multi-level logistic regressions and will adjust for the probability of the onset of major depression at 12 months measured at baseline as well as for unbalanced variables if appropriate. The economic evaluation will be approached from two perspectives, societal and health system. DISCUSSION: To our knowledge, this will be the first RCT of universal primary prevention for depression in adults and the first to test a personalized intervention implemented by FPs. We discuss possible biases as well as other limitations. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01151982.

Perceptions of Older People with Cognitive Impairment, Caregivers, and Professionals about ehcoBUTLER (Tablet Health Care Platform): A Qualitative Focus Group Study.

EhcoBUTLER is a tablet platform mainly aimed at the elderly with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to promote their well-being and health. The main objective of this study was to explore the perceptions and feedback level of the ehcoBUTLER potential users and stakeholders to improve its development. Through this exploration, the secondary objective was to contribute to the development of software/apps that promote their integral health. Focus groups were conducted (13 elderly with MCI, 13 with dementia, 12 caregivers, 11 professionals). The content and feedback level were analyzed. Participants liked the appearance of ehcoBUTLER, would like to use it, and were mainly interested in the emotional, healthy lifestyle, cognitive, and ergonomic tools. It is necessary to have prior training, more intuitive/customizable apps, low-price/free, offline/USB content, and add other activities/features. EhcoBUTLER is well-oriented to meet the needs and preferences of potential users. However, improvements in its usability, accessibility, and sustainability are needed. The participants' perspectives provided a comprehensive view to improve ehcoBUTLER, so that in the future, it can benefit the elderly to be active agents in their health; support caregivers in their role and to have a respite; and professionals to have a multi-intervention platform. The present findings can contribute to the development of tablet software/apps that promote the integral well-being of this population.

Well-Being, Physical Activity, and Social Support in Octogenarians with Heart Failure during COVID-19 Confinement: A Mixed-Methods Study.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to compare well-being and physical activity (PA) before and during COVID-19 confinement in older adults with heart failure (HF), to compare well-being and PA during COVID-19 confinement in octogenarians and non-octogenarians, and to explore well-being, social support, attention to symptoms, and assistance needs during confinement in this population. METHODS: A mixed-methods design was performed. Well-being (Cantril Ladder of Life) and PA (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) were assessed. Semi-structured interviews were performed to assess the rest of the variables. RESULTS: 120 participants were evaluated (74.16 ± 12.90 years; octogenarians = 44.16%, non-octogenarians = 55.83%). Both groups showed lower well-being and performed less PA during confinement than before (p < 0.001). Octogenarians reported lower well-being (p = 0.02), higher sedentary time (p = 0.03), and lower levels of moderate PA (p = 0.04) during confinement. Most individuals in the sample considered their well-being to have decreased during confinement, 30% reported decreased social support, 50% increased their attention to symptoms, and 60% were not satisfied with the assistance received. Octogenarians were more severely impacted during confinement than non-octogenarians in terms of well-being, attention to symptoms, and assistance needs. CONCLUSIONS: Well-being and PA decreased during confinement, although octogenarians were more affected than non-octogenarians. Remote monitoring strategies are needed in elders with HF to control health outcomes in critical periods, especially in octogenarians.

Determinants of satisfaction with the detection process of autism in Europe: Results from the ASDEU study.

LAY ABSTRACT: Professional guidance and support in response to first concerns appears to be an important predictor of the level of satisfaction with the detection process of autism in young children. In this study, we analyzed the views of 1342 family members, including 1278 parents, who completed an online survey form collecting information about their experience and satisfaction with the early detection of autism in their child. Specifically, we were interested in how specific experiences with the detection process relate to the satisfaction with it and whether we could identify important predictors of satisfaction. The detection process is an emotionally charged period for parents, often described as painful, chaotic, and lengthy. A better understanding of their experiences is important to take appropriate action to improve the detection process. In our sample, the level of satisfaction with the detection process varied greatly from one respondent to another. Among the different experiences we considered, whether or not respondents received professional guidance and support in response to first concerns explained most of this variation. We also found that difficulty finding information about detection services, lack of professional guidance and support in response to first concerns, having to find a diagnostic service on one's own, and longer delays between confirmation of concerns and first appointment with a specialist were experiences associated with a greater likelihood of being unsatisfied. The findings of this study highlight the importance of the parent-professional relationship in the detection process and have important practical implications for health administrations to improve the detection process.

The Integration of Psychosocial Care into National Dementia Strategies across Europe: Evidence from the Skills in DEmentia Care (SiDECar) Project.

There is evidence supporting the use of psychosocial interventions in dementia care. Due to the role of policy in clinical practice, the present study investigates whether and how the issue of psychosocial care and interventions has been addressed in the national dementia plans and strategies across Europe. A total of 26 national documents were found. They were analyzed by content analysis to identify the main pillars associated with the topic of psychosocial care and interventions. Specifically, three categories emerged: (1) Treatment, (2) Education, and (3) Research. The first one was further divided into three subcategories: (1) Person-centred conceptual framework, (2) Psychosocial interventions, and (3) Health and social services networks. Overall, the topic of psychosocial care and interventions has been addressed in all the country policies. However, the amount of information provided differs across the documents, with only the category of 'Treatment' covering all of them. Furthermore, on the basis of the existing policies, how the provision of psychosocial care and interventions would be enabled, and how it would be assessed are not fully apparent yet. Findings highlight the importance of policies based on a comprehensive and well-integrated system of care, where the issue of psychosocial care and interventions is fully embedded.

"In the flesh": Narratives of family caregivers at risk of Early-onset Familial Alzheimer's Disease.

In the growing body of literature dealing with the consequences of family caregiving amongst people with dementia, there are few studies examining the impact of Early-onset Familial Alzheimer's Disease on caregivers. This study exposes the subjective experience of a group of family caregivers who themselves possess a genetic susceptibility to develop this form of dementia. We interviewed and analyzed the accounts of 27 caregivers belonging to family lineages carrying the E280A mutation for Early-onset Alzheimer's Disease. We utilized a phenomenological method to analyze these accounts, initially tracking seven theoretical categories (Anxiety, Depression, Burden, Resilience, Self-efficacy, Social Support, and Coping Strategies) and then subsequently two additional categories which emerged (Conceptions about the Disease and Other Vital Experiences Interfering with Caregiving). The results show that caring for a loved one while simultaneously running the risk of developing the same form of Alzheimer's Disease permeates the caregivers' experience both in a negative and a positive way. The continuous exposition to emotional stress in these caregivers should be seriously considered as they may be at risk of accelerating the onset of symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease, while simultaneously, early psychological symptoms of dementia may be masked by the emotional sequelae of caregiving, interfering with early diagnosis. Certainly, support services for the entire family group are suggested.

Early Detection, Diagnosis and Intervention Services for Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in the European Union (ASDEU): Family and Professional Perspectives.

Early services for ASD need to canvas the opinions of both parents and professionals. These opinions are seldom compared in the same research study. This study aims to ascertain the views of families and professionals on early detection, diagnosis and intervention services for young children with ASD. An online survey compiled and analysed data from 2032 respondents across 14 European countries (60.9% were parents; 39.1% professionals). Using an ordinal scale from 1 to 7, parents' opinions were more negative (mean = 4.6; SD 2.2) compared to those of professionals (mean = 4.9; SD 1.5) when reporting satisfaction with services. The results suggest services should take into account child's age, delays in accessing services, and active stakeholders' participation when looking to improve services.

Correction to: Early Detection, Diagnosis and Intervention Services for Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in the European Union (ASDEU): Family and Professional Perspectives.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake in one of the co-author's family name. The correct name should be María Victoria Martín-Cilleros instead of María Victoria Cilleros-Martín.

Self-determination, emotions and exclusion in a blog of deaf people: a qualitative perspective.

OBJECTIVE: to explore the deaf people's perceptions about their well-being, published on a weblog. METHOD: A free access spanish blog that's been created and used by deaf people is selected. Under qualitative methodology with a phenomenological approach, through the non-participating and asynchronous observation, sign language speeches are analyzed in 44 video messages uploaded by deaf bloggers. RESULTS: in the speeches analyzed, inclusion's areas cited the most are self-determination, social inclusion and emotional well-being, these latter two in a negative way: social exclusion and emotional distress. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The study participants state that the arrangements adopted for their inclusion are not enough, with feelings of discomfort prevailing in all areas and life stages. Solidarity initiatives, elimination of communication barriers and true transforming agents of our society are needed.

Addressing Suicide Risk According to Different Healthcare Professionals in Spain: A Qualitative Study.

This study analyzes the views of four groups of healthcare professionals who may play a role in the management of suicidal behavior. The goal was to identify key factors for suicide prevention in different areas of the healthcare system. Qualitative research was conducted using focus groups made up of different healthcare professionals who participated in the identification, management, and prevention of suicidal behavior. Professionals included were primary care physicians, psychologists, psychiatrists, and emergency physicians. 'Suicide' was amongst the most relevant terms that came up in discussions most of the times it appeared associated with words such as 'risk', danger', or 'harm'. In the analysis by categories, the four groups of professionals agreed that interventions in at-risk behaviors are first in importance. Prevention was the second main concern with greater significance among psychiatrists. Primary care professionals call for more time to address patients at risk for suicide and easier access to and communication with the mental health network. Emergency care professionals have a lack of awareness of their role in the detection of risk for suicide in patients who seek attention at emergency care facilities for reasons of general somatic issues. Mental health care professionals are in high demand in cases of self-harm, but they would like to receive specific training in dealing with suicidal behavior.

[Qualitative analysis of topics related to the quality of life of people with disabilities]. / Análisis cualitativo de tópicos vinculados a la calidad de vida en personas con discapacidad.

Quality of life is a concept that reflects the subjective perception of individuals in relation to their degree of satisfaction with their living conditions. It is a concept that involves putting the individual at the forefront, talking about the quality of the professionals involved and influencing the development of programs and the provision of services. The article reflects the opinions that different agents have in relation to disability on given topics related to the model of quality of life such as: the relationship between different agents; the necessary training of professionals in the field of health and/or disability; and the existence of the presence of the participation in society of people with disabilities. Using qualitative methodology, the arguments of the participants in these three issues are discussed. The verbiage, the conceptual map and the analysis of content, performed after the encoding of information, made it possible to detect the perceived needs and satisfaction with the care of the different services. The profile of the qualified professional within the scope of disability is outlined. Proposals for the future are contained in the conclusions, ensuring the improvement of the quality of life of people with disabilities.

Reflexiones en torno a la investigación con métodos mixtos / Reflexão sobre pesquisa com métodos mistos / Reflections on research with mixed methods

Objetivo Se presenta una reflexión teórica basada en la experiencia de los autores como investigadores y docentes de unidades curriculares de Metodologías de Investigación. Método reflexión teórica-filosófica. Resultados la dicotomía entre los enfoques cualitativos y cuantitativos dio lugar a la discusión sobre la necesidad de pensar en la posibilidad de combinar estos métodos con el objetivo de responder a los nuevos y complejos problemas de investigación con los que actualmente nos enfrentamos. Esta discusión se transformó en una disputa que algunos autores apodaron "Science War", debido a los desafíos metodológicos y epistemológicos de esta combinación que, por su vez, dio origen a los Métodos Mixtos (Mixed Methods). La reflexión que se propone se centra en algunas de las principales cuestiones que surgen en el ámbito de las actuales discusiones entre investigadores y reflejan/traducen algunas de las inquietudes de los mismos.

Objetivo se presenta una reflexión teórica basada en la experiencia de los autores como investigadores y docentes de unidades curriculares de Metodologías de Investigación. Método reflexión teórica-filosófica. Resultados la dicotomía entre los enfoques cualitativos y cuantitativos dio lugar a la discusión sobre la necesidad de pensar en la posibilidad de combinar estos métodos con el objetivo de responder a los nuevos y complejos problemas de investigación con los que actualmente nos enfrentamos. Esta discusión se transformó en una disputa que algunos autores apodaron "Science War", debido a los desafíos metodológicos y epistemológicos de esta combinación que, por su vez, dio origen a los Métodos Mixtos (Mixed Methods). La reflexión que se propone se centra en algunas de las principales cuestiones que surgen en el ámbito de las actuales discusiones entre investigadores y reflejan/traducen algunas de las inquietudes de los mismos.

Objective this study presents a theoretical reflection based on the experience of the authors as researchers and professors of curricular units of research methodologies. Method theoretical-philosophical reflection. Results the dichotomy between qualitative and quantitative approaches originated the discussion on the need to think about the possibility of combining these methods aiming to answer the new and complex research problems currently facing us. This discussion was transformed into a dispute that some authors nicknamed "Science War", due to the methodological and epistemological challenges of this combination, which, in its turn, originated the Mixed Methods. The proposed reflection focuses on some of the main issues that arise in the scope of the current discussions between researchers and reflecting/translating some of their concerns.

Self-determination, emotions and exclusion in a blog of deaf people: a qualitative perspective / Autodeterminação, emoções e exclusão num blog de pessoas surdas: um olhar qualitativo / Autodeterminación, emociones y exclusión en un blog de personas sordas: mirada cualitativa

ABSTRACT Objective: to explore the deaf people's perceptions about their well-being, published on a weblog. Method: A free access spanish blog that's been created and used by deaf people is selected. Under qualitative methodology with a phenomenological approach, through the non-participating and asynchronous observation, sign language speeches are analyzed in 44 video messages uploaded by deaf bloggers. Results: in the speeches analyzed, inclusion's areas cited the most are self-determination, social inclusion and emotional well-being, these latter two in a negative way: social exclusion and emotional distress. Final considerations: The study participants state that the arrangements adopted for their inclusion are not enough, with feelings of discomfort prevailing in all areas and life stages. Solidarity initiatives, elimination of communication barriers and true transforming agents of our society are needed.

RESUMO Objetivo: explorar as percepções dos surdos sobre seu bem-estar, publicados num blog. Método: foi selecionado um blog em espanhol de acesso gratuito criado e utilizado por pessoas surdas. Abordagem qualitativa assente na fenomenologia, através da observação assíncrona e não participante, os discursos realizados através de língua gestual são analisados em 44 vídeos que foram enviados por bloggers surdos. Resultados: nos discursos analisados, as áreas de inclusão mais citadas são autodeterminação, inclusão social e bem-estar emocional, sendo estas duas últimas de forma negativa: exclusão social e sofrimento emocional. Considerações finais: Os participantes do estudo afirmam que as alterações adotadas para a sua inclusão não são suficientes, com sentimentos de desconforto permanentes em todas as áreas e fases da vida. Iniciativas de solidariedade, eliminação de barreiras de comunicação e agentes transformadores reais da sociedade são necessários.

RESUMEN Objetivo: explorar las percepciones de bienestar que las personas sordas vierten en un blog de Internet. Método: Se selecciona un blog español de acceso libre creado y utilizado por personas sordas. Bajo una metodología cualitativa con diseño fenomenológico, y a través de la observación no participante y asincrónica, se analizan los discursos en lengua de signos de 44 videomensajes publicados por blogueros sordos. Resultados: las áreas más mencionadas sobre su inclusión en los discursos analizados son la autodeterminación, el bienestar emocional y la inclusión social, estas dos últimas en sentido negativo: malestar emocional y exclusión social. Consideraciones finales: Los participantes del estudio manifiestan que los planes adoptados para su inclusión no son suficientes, y tienen sentimientos de malestar en todas las áreas y etapas vitales. Se hace necesario eliminar las barreras de comunicación y crear iniciativas solidarias con verdaderos agentes transformadores de la sociedad en la que vivimos.

Análisis cualitativo de tópicos vinculados a la calidad de vida en personas con discapacidad / Qualitative analysis of topics related to the quality of life of people with disabilities

Resumen La calidad de vida es un concepto que refleja la percepción subjetiva de la persona en relación al grado de satisfacción con sus condiciones de vida. Es un concepto que implica poner en primer plano a la persona, hablar sobre la calidad de los profesionales implicados e influye en el desarrollo de programas y la provisión de los servicios. El artículo refleja la opinión que tienen diferentes agentes relacionados con la discapacidad sobre determinados tópicos vinculados al modelo de calidad de vida como son: relación entre diferentes agentes, la formación necesaria en los profesionales del ámbito de la salud y/o de la discapacidad y el paso de la presencia a la participación en la sociedad de las personas con discapacidad. A través de una metodológica cualitativa, se analizan las argumentaciones de los participantes en estos tres temas. La nube de palabras, el mapa conceptual y el análisis de contenido, realizado tras la codificación de la información, permitieron conocer las necesidades percibidas y la satisfacción con la atención de los diferentes servicios. Se propone el perfil del profesional idóneo en el ámbito de la discapacidad. En las conclusiones obtenidas se recogen propuestas de futuro, facilitadoras de la mejora de la calidad de vida de las personas con discapacidad.

Abstract Quality of life is a concept that reflects the subjective perception of individuals in relation to their degree of satisfaction with their living conditions. It is a concept that involves putting the individual at the forefront, talking about the quality of the professionals involved and influencing the development of programs and the provision of services. The article reflects the opinions that different agents have in relation to disability on given topics related to the model of quality of life such as: the relationship between different agents; the necessary training of professionals in the field of health and/or disability; and the existence of the presence of the participation in society of people with disabilities. Using qualitative methodology, the arguments of the participants in these three issues are discussed. The verbiage, the conceptual map and the analysis of content, performed after the encoding of information, made it possible to detect the perceived needs and satisfaction with the care of the different services. The profile of the qualified professional within the scope of disability is outlined. Proposals for the future are contained in the conclusions, ensuring the improvement of the quality of life of people with disabilities.

Modelo predictivo de la intención de adopción de Blended learning en profesores universitarios / Predictive Model of the Intention to Adopt Blended Learning in a University Setting

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la intención de uso de la modalidad instructiva blended learning por parte de profesores universitarios, a partir del diseño de un modelo predictivo, tomando como aportes teóricos la Teoría del Comportamiento Planificado (Theory of Planned Behavior), los modelos de aceptación tecnológica (TAM) y la Teoría de la Difusión de Innovaciones (Innovation Diffussion Theory). El modelo teórico planteado está constituido por seis constructos: Utilidad Percibida, Facilidad percibida de Uso, Compatibilidad, Imagen Social, Norma o Influencia Social e Intención de Uso. En el estudio participaron 486 profesores de diferentes universidades españolas. Para el tratamiento de los datos se realizaron Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC) y análisis causal, conforme al enfoque de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) con estimación de parámetros, utilizando el método de Máxima Verosimilitud (ML) para el contraste de las relaciones estructurales propuestas. Los resultados revelan que los factores del modelo explican el 41% de la variabilidad de la intención de uso de blended learning en los profesores. Esta intención de adoptar b-learning está positivamente afectada por dos determinantes principales, de un lado, la utilidad percibida sobre la mejora de la práctica docente (valor estandarizado = 0.54, p < 0.001) y la existencia de condiciones favorables (recursos y equipamientos técnicos, humanos, etc.) de la propia universidad para su implementación (β = 0.26, p < 0.001).

The objective of this study is to analyze the intention of the use of the instructional modality blended learning to be used by academics as a predictive model using theoretical contributions from the Theory of Planned Behavior (Theory of Planned Behavior), models of acceptance technology (TAM) and the theory of diffusion of innovation (Innovation diffusion Theory). The theoretical model proposed consists of six constructs: Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Compatibility Social Image, Social Influence and Intended Use. The study included 486 teachers from different Spanish universities. The data was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Causal analysis was also utilized, conforming to structural equation approach (SEM), with parameter estimations using the maximum likelihood method (ML) for the contrast of the proposed structural relationships. The results reveal that the model factors explained 41% of the variability of the intended use of blended learning. The intention to adopt b-learning is positively affected by two main determinants, on one side the perceived usefulness of improving teaching practice (standardized value = 0.54, p <0.001) and on the other the existence of favorable conditions (resources and technical equipment, human, etc.) of the university for its implementation (β = 0.26, p < 0.001).