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1.
Ann Thorac Surg ; 112(5): 1460-1467, 2021 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33358887

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Injection drug use-associated infective endocarditis (IDU-IE) is a growing epidemic. The objective of this survey was to identify the beliefs and practice patterns of Canadian cardiac surgeons regarding surgical management of IDU-IE. METHODS: A 30-question survey was developed by a working group and distributed to all practicing adult cardiac surgeons in Canada. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Of 146 surgeons, 94 completed the survey (64%). Half of surgeons (49%) would be less likely to operate on patients with IE if associated with IDU. In the case of prosthetic valve IE owing to continued IDU, 36% were willing to reoperate once and 14% were willing to reoperate twice or more. Most surgeons required commitments from patients before surgery (73%), and most referred patients to addiction services (81%). Some surgeons would offer a Ross procedure (10%) or homograft (8%) for aortic valve IE, and 47% would consider temporary mechanical circulatory support. Whereas only 17% of surgeons worked at an institution with an endocarditis team, 71% agreed that there was a need for one at each institution. Most surgeons supported the development of IDU-IE-specific guidelines (80%). CONCLUSIONS: Practice patterns and surgical management of IDU-IE vary considerably across Canada. Areas of clinical unmet needs include the development of a formal addiction services referral protocol for patients, the development of an interdisciplinary endocarditis team, as well as the creation of IDU-IE clinical practice guidelines.


Assuntos
Endocardite/etiologia , Endocardite/cirurgia , Padrões de Prática Médica , Abuso de Substâncias por Via Intravenosa/complicações , Cirurgia Torácica , Canadá , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos
2.
CJC Open ; 3(12 Suppl): S89-S94, 2021 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34993438

RESUMO

In 1960, Dr Nina Starr Braunwald became the first woman to perform open heart surgery. Sixty years later, despite the fact that women outnumbered men in American medical school in 2017, men still dominate the field of cardiac surgery. Women surgeons remain underrepresented in cardiac surgery; 11% of practicing cardiac surgeons in Canada were women in 2015, and 6% of practicing adult cardiac surgeons in the US were women in 2019. Although women remain a minority in other surgical specialties also, cardiothoracic surgery remains one of the most unevenly-gender distributed specialties. Why are there so few women cardiac surgeons, and why does it matter? Evidence is emerging regarding the benefits of diversity for a variety of industries, including healthcare. In order to attract and retain the best talent, we must make the cardiac surgery environment more diverse, equitable, and inclusive. Some causes of perpetuation of the gender gap have been documented in the literature-these include uneven compensation and career advancement opportunities, outdated views on family dynamics, and disproportionate scrutiny of women surgeons, causing additional workplace frictions for women. Diversity is an organizational strength, and gender-diverse institutions are more likely to outperform their non-gender-diverse counterparts. Modifiable issues perpetuate the gender gap, and mentorship is key in helping attract, develop, and retain the best and brightest within cardiac surgery. Facilitating mentorship opportunities is key to reducing barriers and bridging the gap.


En 1960, la Dre Nina Starr Braunwald est devenue la première femme à pratiquer une chirurgie à cœur ouvert. Soixante ans plus tard, malgré le fait que les femmes étaient plus nombreuses que les hommes dans les facultés de médecine américaines en 2017, les hommes dominent toujours le domaine de la chirurgie cardiaque. Les chirurgiennes restent sous-représentées en chirurgie cardiaque; 11 % des chirurgiens praticiens en cardiologie au Canada étaient des femmes en 2015, et 6% des chirurgiens praticiens en cardiologie pour adultes aux États-Unis étaient des femmes en 2019. Bien que les femmes restent également minoritaires dans d'autres spécialités chirurgicales, la chirurgie cardiothoracique reste l'une des spécialités où la répartition des sexes est la plus inégale. Pourquoi y a-t-il si peu de chirurgiennes en cardiologie, et pourquoi est-ce important? Des données émergent au sujet des avantages de la diversité pour une variété de secteurs, y compris les soins de santé. Afin d'attirer et de retenir les meilleurs talents, nous devons rendre le milieu de la chirurgie cardiaque plus diversifié, équitable et inclusif. Certaines causes expliquant la persistance de l'écart entre les sexes ont été documentées dans la littérature : il s'agit notamment de l'inégalité de la rémunération et des possibilités d'avancement, de points de vue dépassés sur la dynamique familiale et de l'attention disproportionnée portée aux chirurgiennes, ce qui entraîne des frictions supplémentaires pour les femmes en milieu de travail. La diversité est une force au sein d'une organisation, et les établissements où la diversité des genres est présente sont plus susceptibles d'obtenir de bons résultats que les autres. Des problèmes modifiables perpétuent l'écart entre les sexes, et le mentorat est essentiel pour attirer, perfectionner et retenir les meilleurs éléments dans le domaine de la chirurgie cardiaque. Il est essentiel de faciliter les possibilités de mentorat pour réduire les obstacles et combler le fossé.

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