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1.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth ; 22(1): 285, 2022 Apr 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35382772

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Expectant fathers experience a range of different emotions during their wife's pregnancy; one of these feelings is fear. It has adverse consequences on both the father and his family. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of midwifery-led counseling on the fear of childbirth among expectant fathers. METHODS: A two-armed parallel design randomized controlled trial was conducted from July to August 2020. Fifty expectant fathers with severe fear of childbirth at the 24th-27th weeks of gestation, in the Iranian setting, were assigned to intervention and control groups (allocation ratio1:1) using permuted block randomization. Participants assigned to the intervention group were engaged in six 60-90-min midwifery-led counseling sessions (twice a week) in the Skyroom platform. Measures were administered at recruitment, post-intervention, and one-month follow-up. The primary outcome was the change in fear of childbirth score between groups over time. Secondary outcomes were changes in the General Self-Efficacy score as well as changes in the frequency of the preferred type of delivery between groups over time. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 31.64 (3.33) years. In the intention-to-treat analysis, the fear of childbirth score in the intervention group significantly decreased (ß = - 11.84; 95% Confidence Interval: - 21.90 to - 1.78; P = 0.021) compared to that of the control group. In terms of secondary outcomes, the intervention group showed a significant increase in General Self-Efficacy compared to the intervention group at one-month follow-up measurement (ß = 1.43; 95% Confidence Interval: 0.28 to 2.58; P = 0.014). However, the frequency of preferred delivery type was not significantly different between the intervention and control groups (P = 0.139). CONCLUSIONS: Midwifery-led counseling can be an effective approach in reducing expectant fathers' childbirth fear with potential clinical significance. Although the inconclusive results imply more research on this issue. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registration number: IRCT20150608022609N6 . Registered 12/04/2019.


Assuntos
Tocologia , Adulto , Aconselhamento , Pai , Medo/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Irã (Geográfico) , Masculino , Tocologia/métodos , Parto/psicologia , Gravidez , Smartphone
2.
J Relig Health ; 61(4): 3443-3457, 2022 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35031928

RESUMO

The Personal Meaning Profile (PMP) is a widely used instrument to measure people's perceptions of personal meaning in their lives. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the PMP. First, the researchers developed the Persian version of this scale using the forward-backward procedure. Then, they examined the face and content validities by both qualitative and quantitative approaches. To evaluate the construct validity, researchers administered the instrument to a sample of 482 medical sciences students and performed exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The reliability was assessed using loading factors, Cronbach's alpha coefficients, and composite reliability. An average scale-level of content validity index of the PMP with 57 items was 0.80. The findings revealed that the Persian version of the PMP comprises five factors explaining 50.57% of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis indices showed a moderate fit for the data. Reliability of the Iranian version of PMP was demonstrated with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.893. Consistency was established with test-retest reliability with an interval of 2 weeks (Intracluster Correlation Coefficient = 0.983, p < 0.001). Moreover, the criterion validity demonstrated a significant inverse relationship between the PMP and General Health Questionnaire (r = - 0.34, p < 0.001). This study indicated that the Persian version of the PMP is an acceptable, reliable, and valid measurement to evaluate the meaning in life in Iranian medical sciences students.


Assuntos
Psicometria , Análise Fatorial , Humanos , Irã (Geográfico) , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Inquéritos e Questionários
3.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth ; 21(1): 222, 2021 Mar 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33743619

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Fear of childbirth is reported in 13% of fathers, and it may have adverse consequences for the fathers' health as well as their families. To reduce the fear of childbirth in the expectant fathers, an appropriate screening tool is needed. Due to the lack of a valid and reliable questionnaire to measure fathers' fear of childbirth, this study was conducted to develop the Fathers' Fear of Childbirth Scale and evaluate its psychometric properties. METHODS: This mixed method study was conducted in two phases. In the qualitative phase (or item generation), semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 expectant fathers, and a literature review was performed to generate the Fathers' Fear of Childbirth Scale items pool. In the quantitative phase (or psychometric evaluation), reliability as well as face, content, and construct validity of this scale were evaluated. To establish construct validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed. Reliability was evaluated through internal consistency and composite reliability measures. RESULTS: The primary version of Fathers' Fear of Childbirth Scale contained 32 items, which were reduced to 17 items while establishing construct validity. Exploratory factor analysis extracted two factors, namely fear of childbirth process (12 items) and fear of hospital (5 items). These factors explained 50.82% of the total variance. Goodness of fit indices within the confirmatory factor analysis was acceptable. Internal consistency and composite reliability indices of all the factors were greater than 0.70. CONCLUSION: The Fathers' Fear of Childbirth Scale has a suitable validity and reliability for assessing fear of childbirth in fathers. It is a simple report instrument that can be easily implemented by health care professionals.


Assuntos
Pai/psicologia , Medo/psicologia , Parto/psicologia , Psicometria/métodos , Adulto , Análise Fatorial , Feminino , Humanos , Irã (Geográfico) , Masculino , Gravidez , Cuidado Pré-Natal/métodos , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Inquéritos e Questionários
5.
Brain Behav ; 12(12): e2802, 2022 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36288399

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Some fathers experience traumatic and unpleasant feelings such as fear of childbirth during pregnancy and childbirth. This study aimed to determine the mediating role of the expectant fathers' depression, anxiety, and stress in the relationship between maternal fear of childbirth and paternal fear of childbirth. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, using a two-stage sampling method, 502 expectant Iranian fathers and their wives in the second half of pregnancy were recruited. The participants completed self-administered questionnaires, including the fathers' fear of childbirth scale, the Wijma delivery expectancy/experience questionnaire, and the depression, anxiety, and stress scale-21. To analyze the data, structural equation modeling was employed in the Amos software version 24. RESULTS: Results indicated an acceptable fit of the model to the data. Maternal fear of childbirth was associated with paternal fear of childbirth, directly (ß = 0.23, p = .046) and indirectly through the mediator of paternal depression, anxiety, and stress (ß = .17, p = .007). The expectant fathers' stress had a greater impact on their fear of childbirth. CONCLUSIONS: By considering the role of maternal fear of childbirth as well as expectant fathers' depression, anxiety, and stress on paternal fear of childbirth, it seems this study has some practical implications for improving the fathers' psychological well-being.


Assuntos
Ansiedade , Depressão , Gravidez , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Depressão/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Irã (Geográfico) , Ansiedade/psicologia , Pai/psicologia , Medo , Inquéritos e Questionários
6.
Nurs Open ; 8(4): 1527-1537, 2021 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34102022

RESUMO

AIM: To investigate clinical trials affecting anxiety, stress and fear of childbirth in fathers. DESIGN: A systematic literature search was conducted based on Cochrane Collaboration statement recommendation and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. METHODS: With assistance of Medical Subject Headings, keywords were employed to search for relevant trials. Articles published between November 2000-November 2019 were searched in five electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus and Cochrane as well as Iranian databases. The risk of bias was assessed by Cochrane Risk of Bias Scale. RESULTS: A total of eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Interventions were classified into four categories including pre-natal education, music therapy, massage therapy and relaxation training. The results showed that there is no evidence of a best intervention, but it showed that non-pharmacological interventions can decrease anxiety, stress and fear of childbirth and increase the positive experience of childbirth in the expectant fathers.


Assuntos
Pai , Parto , Ansiedade/terapia , Medo , Feminino , Humanos , Irã (Geográfico) , Masculino , Gravidez
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