Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 57
Filtrar
Mais filtros

Base de dados
País/Região como assunto
Tipo de documento
País de afiliação
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
Medicina (Kaunas) ; 60(3)2024 Feb 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38541077

RESUMO

Background and Objectives: The most common mutation in malignant melanoma (MM) is the single-point mutation of v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) oncogene. Our study aims to evaluate BRAF V600E mutation, highlighting its frequency differences in primary versus metastatic MM. Materials and Methods: The study group comprised 133 patients diagnosed with MM in several county hospitals of the north-eastern region of Romania who have been assigned for investigation into BRAF V600E mutation in the private medical system. The material consisted of archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks. BRAF V600E mutation was identified using the fully automated IdyllaTM BRAF mutation test system. Results: Out of the total of 133 cases, 78 cases were primary tumors, while 55 cases were metastatic MMs. Genetic analysis revealed the presence of BRAF V600E mutation in 66 cases (49.62%) and the wild-type genotype in 67 cases (50.37%). We found a statistically significant difference of the mutation frequency according to age (p = 0.0072). The mutated genotype was found in 45 cases out of 78 primary MMs (57.69%) and in 21 cases out of 55 secondary MMs (38.18%), with a statistically significant difference in favor of primary tumors (p = 0.0413). The correlations between the histopathological types, Clark's level, Breslow index, ulceration, and lymphovascular invasion, respectively, and the mutated genotype were not statistically significant. BRAF V600E mutation was identified in 15 out of 40 secondary tumors with lymph node location (37.5%) and in 6 out of 15 secondary tumors with another location (40%) without statistically significant differences between the mutation frequency and the location of the secondary tumors. Conclusions: Our results support MM high genetic heterogeneity, pointing out the relationship between BRAF V600E mutation and several clinicopathological characteristics, in primary and metastatic MMs, stressing the importance of BRAF testing implementation in Romania.


Assuntos
Melanoma , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Animais , Camundongos , Humanos , Melanoma/diagnóstico , Romênia/epidemiologia , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas B-raf/genética , Neoplasias Cutâneas/genética , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Mutação
2.
Int J Mol Sci ; 22(11)2021 Jun 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34199929

RESUMO

BMI-1 is a key component of stem cells, which are essential for normal organ development and cell phenotype maintenance. BMI-1 expression is deregulated in cancer, resulting in the alteration of chromatin and gene transcription repression. The cellular signaling pathway that governs BMI-1 action in the ovarian carcinogenesis sequences is incompletely deciphered. In this study, we set out to analyze the immunohistochemical (IHC) BMI-1 expression in two different groups: endometriosis-related ovarian carcinoma (EOC) and non-endometriotic ovarian carcinoma (NEOC), aiming to identify the differences in its tissue profile. METHODS: BMI-1 IHC expression has been individually quantified in epithelial and in stromal components by using adapted scores systems. Statistical analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between BMI-1 epithelial and stromal profile in each group and between groups and its correlation with classical clinicopathological characteristics. RESULTS: BMI-1 expression in epithelial tumor cells was mostly low or negative in the EOC group, and predominantly positive in the NEOC group. Moreover, the stromal BMI-1 expression was variable in the EOC group, whereas in the NEOC group, stromal BMI-1 expression was mainly strong. We noted statistically significant differences between the epithelial and stromal BMI-1 profiles in each group and between the two ovarian carcinoma (OC) groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides solid evidence for a different BMI-1 expression in EOC and NEOC, corresponding to the differences in their etiopathogeny. The reported differences in the BMI-1 expression of EOC and NEOC need to be further validated in a larger and homogenous cohort of study.


Assuntos
Endometriose/fisiopatologia , Endométrio/fisiopatologia , Células Epiteliais/patologia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/patologia , Complexo Repressor Polycomb 1/metabolismo , Células Estromais/patologia , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Células Epiteliais/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Ovarianas/classificação , Neoplasias Ovarianas/metabolismo , Células Estromais/metabolismo
3.
Pol J Pathol ; 69(1): 73-81, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29895130

RESUMO

Recent studies support the involvement of XRCC3 gene polymorphisms in carcinogenesis. Our study focuses on the identification of polymorphic variants of XRCC3 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and an analysis of the relationship between these polymorphic variants and clinicopathological (including the genotype specific risk) and survival characteristics. Fifty cases of HCC were genotyped using molecular biology techniques for Thr241Met, rs861539 (c.722C>T) and 5'-UTR, rs1799796 (c.562-14A>G) polymorphisms. Statistical analysis was based on 2, Fisher's, logistic regression (odd ratio - OR), and log-rank tests. Statistically significant differences were shown only for rs1799796 A>G and tumour grade, between wild type (AA) and heterozygote (AG) genotypes, and wild type (AA) and heterozygote & homozygote (AG & GG) genotypes. The logistic regression analysis found an OR of rs1799796 polymorphism occurrence in HCC related to tumour grade. The statistical analysis revealed, for the rs861539 C>T polymorphism, a better survival only for the homozygote genotype (TT) compared to the heterozygote (CT), and for rs1799796 A>G polymorphism, a longer survival for the wild type (AA) compared to heterozygote (AG) and to heterozygote & homozygote (AG & GG) genotypes, respectively. Our results suggest that XRCC3 gene SNPs could influence the tumour aggressiveness expressed by tumour grade.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Idoso , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/mortalidade , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/terapia , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Heterozigoto , Homozigoto , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Neoplasias Hepáticas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Razão de Chances , Fenótipo , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento
4.
Biomedicines ; 11(1)2023 Jan 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36672624

RESUMO

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) accounts for only 2-5% of all thyroid malignancies. Clinical and pathological characteristics alone may suffice to predict outcomes, but unstable behavior in some cases suggests that other factors may influence a worse course of the disease. This study aims to identify criteria that could predict increased aggressiveness. We analyzed 59 consecutive MTC cases. We focused on the relationships among clinicopathological characteristics, parameters of aggressiveness (extrathyroidal extension, lymphovascular invasion, and lymph node metastasis), and parameters for MTC grading. Statistically significant correlations were found for tumor size, lymphovascular invasion, and lymph node metastasis and tumor focality and lymph node metastasis. Our results showed, in tumors larger than 40 mm, odds ratios (ODs) of 13.695 and 6 for lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastasis, respectively; in multifocal tumors, we registered an OD of 9.42 for lymph node metastasis. No significant correlation was found for the parameters of the MTC grading system when assessed individually and integrated by reporting low-grade and high-grade risk groups. Although our data indicate that lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastasis remain significant markers for aggressiveness, studies on larger series of cases are mandatory to detect and validate new factors responsible for the variable course of MTC.

5.
Diagnostics (Basel) ; 13(20)2023 Oct 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37892036

RESUMO

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents the most frequent pancreatic malignancy, with stromal and epithelial heterogeneity reflected in outcome variability. Therefore, a molecular classification is promoted based on the validation of new diagnostic and prognostic markers. Galectin-8 (Gal8) has been pointed out as a prognostic factor for survival in several types of tumors. Due to limited existing data on PDAC, our study aimed to evaluate the Gal8 profile in PDAC alongside its prognostic status. A total of 87 cases of PDAC were immunohistochemically investigated, and Gal8 immunoexpression was qualitatively and semi-quantitatively assessed and correlated with classical clinicopathological parameters and survival. Gal8 immunoexpression was identified to be mostly nuclear and cytoplasmic, followed by exclusively cytoplasmic and exclusively nuclear. A statistical analysis between Gal8 profiles defined by negative, low, or high scores and clinicopathological characteristics showed significant differences in tumor size, pN stage, and lympho-vascular invasion. Although a Cox regression analysis did not support the prognostic status of Gal8, and we did not confirm its relationship with OS, our results show that exclusively nuclear labeling was associated with an increased mean OS compared with cytoplasmic and nuclear labeling (29.37 vs. 17.93 months). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report a detailed pattern of Gal8 immunostaining in PDAC and to correlate this pattern with clinicopathological characteristics and survival. Our results show that Gal8 immunoexpression is associated with a more aggressive phenotype, thus opening perspectives for larger studies to validate Gal8 as a prognostic factor.

6.
Folia Histochem Cytobiol ; 61(1): 1-16, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36880681

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Periostin (POSTN), an extracellular matrix protein, is involved in tumor-associated extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. However, its potential value as a prognostic and/or predictive factor has not yet been confirmed. The present study aims to assess POSTN expression separately in tumor cells and stroma of different ovarian carcinoma (OC) histological types, and its relationship with clinicopathological features. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 102 cases of different histological OC subtypes were immunohistochemically investigated, for POSTN expression assessment in both epithelial tumor cells and tumor stroma. Statistical analysis was performed to correlate POSTN profile with clinicopathological characteristics, therapeutic response, and survival. RESULTS: POSTN expression in epithelial tumor cells was significantly correlated with POSTN expression in tumor stroma. The expression of POSTN in tumor cells was associated with histological type, tumor type (type I and II), tumor recurrence, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS), whereas stromal POSTN expression was significantly correlated with age, histological type, tumor type, grade, and stage, residual disease, tumor recurrence, response to chemotherapy, and OS. Survival analysis revealed significant differences of PFS and OS in patients with high POSTN expression in tumor cells and negative stromal POSTN expression compared to patients with low POSTN expression in tumor cells and positive stromal POSTN expression (PFS: hazard ratio (HR) = 2.11, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.33-3.37, P = 0.002; OS: HR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.09-2.89, P = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS: The comparative assessment of POSTN immunoexpression in two tumor compartments: in tumor cells and stroma, by use of different scoring systems revealed that higher stromal POSTN levels are evidently correlated with unfavorable clinical features and poorer prognosis, while POSTN expression in tumor cells seems to be associated with a better patient outcome.


Assuntos
Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Neoplasias Ovarianas , Feminino , Humanos , Prognóstico , Neoplasias Ovarianas/patologia , Carcinoma Epitelial do Ovário
7.
J Clin Med ; 12(21)2023 Oct 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37959271

RESUMO

(1) Background. Hepatitis C infection often leads to extrahepatic manifestations, including cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of rituximab in treating hepatitis C-associated cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. (2) Methods. Following PRISMA guidelines, databases were searched for relevant studies. Eligibility criteria included studies on hepatitis C-associated cryoglobulinemic vasculitis treated with rituximab. (3) Results. Nine studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in this analysis. Rituximab was commonly administered at 375 mg/m2 weekly for one month. The results consistently demonstrated the efficacy of rituximab, whether as a standalone treatment or as part of a therapeutic regimen. The combination of rituximab with Peg-IFN-α and ribavirin significantly increased the complete response rate compared to Peg-IFN-α and ribavirin alone (54.5% vs. 33.3%, p < 0.05). The 3-year sustained response rate was notably higher in the rituximab combination group (83.3% vs. 40%). In another trial, rituximab achieved remission in 83.3% of patients at 6 months, compared to only 8.3% in the control group. The efficacy of rituximab was supported by long-term experience, with clinical benefits in patients with severe cryoglobulinemic vasculitis, including those resistant to standard therapies. Mild adverse events were generally reported, with rare severe reactions in some studies. (4) Conclusions: In conclusion, rituximab appeared to be effective and safe in managing hepatitis C-associated cryoglobulinemic vasculitis, either alone or with antiviral therapy.

8.
Cancers (Basel) ; 15(20)2023 Oct 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37894380

RESUMO

Prostate cancer is a prevalent malignancy in male patients, having diverse clinical outcomes. The follow-up of patients diagnosed with prostate cancer involves the evaluation of renal function, because its impairment reduces patient survival rates and adds complexity to their treatment and clinical care. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between renal function parameters and distinctive molecular subtypes of prostate adenocarcinomas, defined by the immunoexpression of the SPINK1, ERG, HOXB13, and TFF3 markers. The study group comprised 72 patients with prostate cancer and associated chronic kidney disease (CKD) who underwent radical prostatectomy. Histopathological, molecular, and renal parameters were analyzed. Patients were categorized based on ERG/SPINK1 and HOXB13/TFF3 status, and correlations with renal function and prognostic grade groups were assessed. The ERG+/SPINK1+ subgroup exhibited significantly higher postoperative CKD stages and serum creatinine levels compared to the ERG+/SPINK1- subgroup. This suggests an intricate relationship between SPINK1 overexpression and renal function dynamics. The HOXB13-/TFF3+ subgroup displayed higher preoperative serum creatinine levels and CKD stages than the HOXB13-/TFF3- subgroup, aligning with TFF3's potential role in renal function. Furthermore, the study revealed associations between CKD stages and prognostic grade groups in different molecular subtypes, pointing out an intricate interplay between renal function and tumor behavior. Although the molecular classification of prostate acinar ADK is not yet implemented, this research underscores the variability of renal function parameters in different molecular subtypes, offering potential insights into patient prognosis.

9.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36900967

RESUMO

(1) Generating the need to impose social distancing to reduce the spread of the virus, the COVID-19 pandemic altered the ways in which the teaching process normally happens. The aim of our study was to determine the impact of online teaching on medical students during this period. (2) Our study included 2059 medical, dental and pharmacy students from the University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", Iasi, Romania. We used a modified metacognition questionnaire after translation into Romanian and validation. Our questionnaire included 38 items, and it was divided into four parts. Academic results and preferences regarding the on-site or online courses, information regarding practical training, self-awareness in terms of one's feelings such as anger, boredom and anxiety and also substance use linked to online teaching, and contextualization of the relationship with colleagues, teachers, friends and family were among the most important points evaluated. A comparison was made between preclinical and clinical students. A five-item Linkert-like scale was used for rating the answers in the last three parts that evaluated the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the educational process. (3) Preclinical medical students, compared to preclinical dental students, obtained statistically significant improvements in their evaluation results, with fewer failed exams (p < 0.001) and with similar results being obtained by comparing dental with pharmacy students. All students obtained statistically significant improvements in their academic results during the online evaluation. A statistically significant increase in anxiety and depression with a p-value of <0.001 was registered among our students. (4) The majority found it difficult to cope with this intense period. Both teachers and students found it difficult to adjust on such short notice to the challenges posed by the new concept of online teaching and learning.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Educação a Distância , Estudantes de Medicina , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2 , Pandemias , Aprendizagem
10.
Pharmaceutics ; 15(10)2023 Oct 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37896252

RESUMO

Generally, NSAIDs are weakly soluble in water and contain both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups. One of the most widely used NSAIDs is ibuprofen, which has a poor solubility and high permeability profile. By creating dynamic, non-covalent, water-soluble inclusion complexes, cyclodextrins (CDs) can increase the dissolution rate of low aqueous solubility drugs, operating as a drug delivery vehicle, additionally contributing significantly to the chemical stability of pharmaceuticals and to reducing drug-related irritability. In order to improve the pharmacological and pharmacokinetics profile of ibuprofen, new thiazolidin-4-one derivatives of ibuprofen (4b, 4g, 4k, 4m) were complexed with ß-CD, using co-precipitation and freeze-drying. The new ß-CD complexes (ß-CD-4b, ß-CD-4g, ß-CD-4k, ß-CD-4m) were characterized using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction and a phase solubility test. Using the AutoDock-VINA algorithm included in YASARA-structure software, we investigated the binding conformation of ibuprofen derivatives to ß-CD and measured the binding energies. We also performed an in vivo biological evaluation of the ibuprofen derivatives and corresponding ß-CD complexes, using analgesic/anti-inflammatory assays, as well as a release profile. The results support the theory that ß-CD complexes (ß-CD-4b, ß-CD-4g, ß-CD-4k, ß-CD-4m) have a similar effect to ibuprofen derivatives (4b, 4g, 4k, 4m). Moreover, the ß-CD complexes demonstrated a delayed release profile, which provides valuable insights into the drug-delivery area, focused on ibuprofen derivatives.

11.
Pathogens ; 11(7)2022 Jul 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35890003

RESUMO

Viral infections are major contributors to the global cancer burden. Recent advances have revealed that known oncogenic viruses promote carcinogenesis through shared host cell targets and pathways. The aim of this review is to point out the connection between several oncogenic viruses from the Polyomaviridae, Herpesviridae and Flaviviridae families and renal carcinogenesis, highlighting their involvement in the carcinogenic mechanism. We performed a systematic search of the PubMed and EMBASE databases, which was carried out for all the published studies on RCC in the last 10 years, using the following search algorithm: renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and urothelial carcinoma, and oncogenic viruses (BKPyV, EBV, HCV, HPV and Kaposi Sarcoma Virus), RCC and biomarkers, immunohistochemistry (IHC). Our analysis included studies that were published in English from the 1st of January 2012 to the 1st of May 2022 and that described and analyzed the assays used for the detection of oncogenic viruses in RCC and urothelial carcinoma. The virus most frequently associated with RCC was BKPyV. This review of the literature will help to understand the pathogenic mechanism of the main type of renal malignancy and whether the viral etiology can be confirmed, at a minimum, as a co-factor. In consequence, these data can contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies. A virus-induced tumor could be efficiently prevented by vaccination or treatment with oncolytic viral therapy and/or by targeted therapy.

12.
Exp Ther Med ; 22(5): 1334, 2021 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34630688

RESUMO

Spongiosis or a spongiotic reaction pattern is the histological hallmark of intercellular epidermal edema, viewed as clear spaces within the epidermis. Although considered a histopathological term, spongiosis has clinical correlations, with the variable degrees of spongiotic reaction leading to different dermatological findings. This review aimed to highlight the spongiotic reactive patterns found in different autoimmune bullous dermatoses, considering the paucity of publications in this domain. The pathogenesis of spongiosis assumes the passage of extravasated edema fluid from the dermis into the epidermis, frequently accompanied by dermal inflammatory cells, and classification of the spongiotic reaction patterns, as well as their associated spongiotic dermatitis, take into consideration the type and distribution of these inflammatory cells. It is mandatory to consider different reactive processes, specific for other skin disorders, which act as simulants of different spongiotic patterns for the diagnosis. Considering the possible transient occurrence, the heterogeneity and non-specificity of the histopathological features of these diseases, the diagnosis is very complex, requiring clinicopathological correlations and additional analyses. A deep insight into spongiosis pathogeny may open the perspectives of a classification refinement of autoimmune bullous dermatoses.

13.
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl ; 130: 112436, 2021 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34702521

RESUMO

Improving wound healing by developing innovative dressing materials has been an important focus over the past few years in the biomedical field. In this regard, the current study focuses on developing new dressings based on acrylate-endcapped urethane-based polymers (AUPs). The materials have been processed into films and electrospun mats. Exudate uptake capacity, mechanical properties and fiber morphology were evaluated herein. The results showed superior uptake capacity of both films and mats when compared to Aquacel®Ag, Exufiber® and Help®. Addition of a high molar mass poly(ethylene glycol) to the AUP polymers benefits both the film and electrospun dressings in terms of flexibility and elongation. An in vivo study was conducted to assess the wound healing properties of these dressings on an acute wound model induced to rats. A macroscopic evaluation indicated that wound contraction and wound fraction percentages were improved significantly in case of the AUP-materials when compared to both the positive (Aquacel®Ag) and negative (Exufiber® and Help®) controls. A histopathological assay, to underline the changes noticed on a macroscopical level, was also performed. The data obtained proved that the developed dressings are beneficial towards tissue regeneration and accelerated wound healing. These findings offer a practical yet adequate strategy for the fabrication of acrylate-endcapped urethane-based materials for wound healing applications.


Assuntos
Hidrogéis , Uretana , Acrilatos , Animais , Bandagens , Hidrogéis/farmacologia , Ratos , Cicatrização
14.
Rom J Morphol Embryol ; 62(1): 41-52, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34609407

RESUMO

Homeobox B13 (HOXB13) and trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) are novel candidates for the classification of prostate cancer (PC) in molecular subtypes that could predict the clinical evolution of patients. The aim of our study was to analyze the possible associations between HOXB13 and TFF3 immunohistochemical (IHC) expression in sporadic prostate adenocarcinoma (PAC), the potential prognostic value in relation to the classical clinico-pathological parameters, as well as their role in defining distinct molecular subtypes of this malignancy. The study group comprised 105 patients diagnosed with PAC who underwent radical prostatectomy. IHC exam was performed using anti-HOXB13 and anti-TFF3 antibodies and a scoring system that permit the separation of the cases into two subgroups, with low and high immunoexpression, respectively. The statistical analysis evaluated the relationship between the two immunomarkers and clinico-pathological parameters. The Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank Mantel-Cox test were used for assessing the prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-progression free survival. Four subgroups of PAC were defined based on the IHC overexpression and low immunoexpression of HOXB13 and TFF3. High HOXB13 and TFF3 immunoexpression was commonly identified in cases characterized by a Gleason score over 7, a G4 or G5 dominant pattern, a grade group of 3 or 4 and a preoperatory PSA serum level over 20 ng/mL. HOXB13 overexpression was also associated with pathological tumor-node-metastasis (pTNM) stage. The subgroup with both low HOXB13 and TFF3 immunoexpression had the highest PSA-progression free interval, whereas the subgroup with high HOXB13 immunoexpression and low TFF3 immunoexpression presented the lowest rate, but no statistically significant differences were registered. Our results sustain the role of HOXB13 and TFF3 in the stratification of PAC. Further investigations in larger cohorts are imposed to validate the clinical significance of these subgroups in the diagnostic and prognostic of PAC.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma , Neoplasias da Próstata , Proteínas de Homeodomínio , Humanos , Masculino , Prognóstico , Antígeno Prostático Específico , Fator Trefoil-3
15.
Rom J Morphol Embryol ; 62(3): 651-661, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35263392

RESUMO

Thymolipoma is an uncommon benign thymus lesion, with a partially deciphered etiopathogeny, being most frequently diagnosed in young patients, regardless of gender. Incidentally diagnosed in asymptomatic patients, larger thymolipomas lead to symptoms related to neighboring mediastinal structures compression, with an intensity which is correlated with the mass size. Our review presents the main epidemiological, pathogenic, clinicopathological and morphological characteristics of this rare pathology. Sometimes, thymolipomas may be associated with paraneoplastic syndromes, which are alleviated by the mass complete surgical resection. Imagistics may orientate the diagnosis, which is certified by the microscopic examination of the resection specimens. Extensive thymectomy remains the current therapeutic option and new tools have been developed to increase the accuracy of the surgical procedure to avoid incidental lesions of the important elements of the anterior mediastinum. Although rare, thymolipomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of mediastinal masses and of paraneoplastic syndromes.


Assuntos
Hamartoma , Lipoma , Neoplasias do Mediastino , Neoplasias do Timo , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Lipoma/patologia , Neoplasias do Mediastino/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Mediastino/patologia , Neoplasias do Mediastino/cirurgia , Timectomia , Neoplasias do Timo/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Timo/patologia
16.
Macromol Biosci ; 21(11): e2100230, 2021 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34491617

RESUMO

Wound dressings under the form of films constituted of modified alginate (methacrylated alginate - AlgMA) versus a gelatine derivative containing norbornene functionalities (GelNB) are developed and evaluated for their moisturizing effects, followed by further in vivo testing to assay their wound healing potential. The gel fraction results shows that AlgMA and GelNB films displayed a high crosslinking efficiency while the swelling assay reveals a stronger water uptake capacity for AlgMA films compared to GelNB and to commercial dressing AquacelAg, used as positive control. Referring to the in vivo wound healing effect, the GelNB films not only exhibit proper healing properties, yet is higher to the AquacelAg, while the AlgMA films exhibit similar wound healing effect as the positive control. On a microscopic level, the healing phases (from inflammation to proliferation and contraction) are present for both materials, yet at a faster rate for the GelNB films, which is in line with the macroscopic findings. These results provide data which support that GelNB films outperform AlgMA films, but both can be used for wound healing applications.


Assuntos
Alginatos/química , Gelatina/química , Hidrogéis/química , Cicatrização , Animais , Bandagens , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar
17.
Pharmaceutics ; 13(4)2021 Apr 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33924046

RESUMO

In recent decades, drug delivery systems (DDSs) based on nanotechnology have been attracting substantial interest in the pharmaceutical field, especially those developed based on natural polymers such as chitosan, cellulose, starch, collagen, gelatin, alginate and elastin. Nanomaterials based on chitosan (CS) or chitosan derivatives are broadly investigated as promising nanocarriers due to their biodegradability, good biocompatibility, non-toxicity, low immunogenicity, great versatility and beneficial biological effects. CS, either alone or as composites, are suitable substrates in the fabrication of different types of products like hydrogels, membranes, beads, porous foams, nanoparticles, in-situ gel, microparticles, sponges and nanofibers/scaffolds. Currently, the CS based nanocarriers are intensely studied as controlled and targeted drug release systems for different drugs (anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, anticancer etc.) as well as for proteins/peptides, growth factors, vaccines, small DNA (DNAs) and short interfering RNA (siRNA). This review targets the latest biomedical approaches for CS based nanocarriers such as nanoparticles (NPs) nanofibers (NFs), nanogels (NGs) and chitosan coated liposomes (LPs) and their potential applications for medical and pharmaceutical fields. The advantages and challenges of reviewed CS based nanocarriers for different routes of administration (oral, transmucosal, pulmonary and transdermal) with reference to classical formulations are also emphasized.

18.
Rom J Morphol Embryol ; 51(2): 215-28, 2010.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20495735

RESUMO

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have a great variability that provides a complex intervention in pathophysiological conditions. MMPs roles in pathology may be grouped into the following main types: (1) tissue destruction, as in cancer invasion and metastasis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, different types of ulcers, periodontal disease, brain injury and neuroinflammatory diseases; (2) fibrosis, as in liver cirrhosis, fibrotic lung disease, otosclerosis, atherosclerosis, and multiple sclerosis; (3) weakening of matrix, as in dilated cardiomyopathy, epidermolysis bullosa, aortic aneurysm and restenotic lesions. Recent data also adds new MMPs functions in angiogenesis and apoptosis. Interesting opposite intervention in escaping mechanisms vs. antitumor defensive mechanisms had been also reported. As MMP-7 is expressed by tumor cells of epithelial and mesenchymal origin, it may be used as a biological marker of an aggressive phenotype and as a target of therapeutic intervention. MMPs play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of arthritis, atherosclerosis, pulmonary emphysema, and endometriosis. Although MMP involvement in pathology is more than simple excessive matrix degradation, or an imbalance between them and their specific tissular inhibitors (TIMPs), MMP inhibition may be of therapeutic benefit, so synthetic MMPs inhibitors had been developed and are currently under clinical testing.


Assuntos
Artrite Reumatoide/enzimologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/enzimologia , Pneumopatias/enzimologia , Metaloproteinases da Matriz/fisiologia , Neoplasias/enzimologia , Matriz Extracelular/enzimologia , Humanos , Metástase Neoplásica , Neoplasias/patologia , Inibidores Teciduais de Metaloproteinases/fisiologia
19.
Rom J Morphol Embryol ; 51(1): 73-9, 2010.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20191123

RESUMO

Our study is focused on the investigation of the immune/inflammatory infiltrate in liver metastases secondary to colorectal cancer. Twenty cases of colorectal liver metastases have been studied, including eight with recurrent metastases occurred after a previous treatment by thermonecrosis (group 1) and 12 with primary metastases treated exclusively by surgery (group 2). The cases were investigated by routine histopathological exam and by immunohistochemistry, using CD3, CD20 and CD68 antibodies. The design of the study envisages a comparative qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the B- and T-lymphocytes and macrophages inside the tumor and at the interface between liver parenchyma and tumor. Student's t-test was used for all statistical comparisons. The qualitative exam revealed, for both groups, the presence of an important T-lymphocyte, and respectively B-lymphocyte cell population at the interface between the tumor and the liver parenchyma, the number of intratumoral cells being extremely reduced. The statistical analysis showed significant differences (p<0.05 for groups 1 and 2, T- and B-lymphocytes, intratumoral vs. peritumoral). However, the comparison of group 1 with group 2 revealed no statistically significant differences between the mean value of intratumoral and peritumoral T- and B-lymphocytes, respectively. The qualitative exam revealed the presence of a well represented macrophage cell population, with a heterogenous distribution from case to case. This finding was confirmed by numerical information, with a lack of a statistically significant difference between the mean number of macrophages quantified intra and peritumoral, for both study groups. However, statistically significant differences were noticed between intratumoral and peritumoral mean value, respectively, for group 1 vs. group 2 (p<0.05). T-lymphocytes are the most numerous, their peritumoral location being the landmark for the histoarchitecture of the immune/inflammatory infiltrate and conducting the immune response developed at the interface between the tumor and liver parenchyma. The quantitative assessment of the immune infiltrate shows similar features in surgically resected metastases and recurrent metastatic disease after thermonecrosis. On the contrary, the quantitative evaluation of the macrophage population indicates a functional association rather with the primary metastasis process than with the recurrent metastatic disorder.


Assuntos
Carcinoma/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorretais/metabolismo , Infiltração Leucêmica/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Antígenos CD/imunologia , Antígenos CD/metabolismo , Antígenos CD20/imunologia , Antígenos CD20/metabolismo , Antígenos de Diferenciação Mielomonocítica/imunologia , Antígenos de Diferenciação Mielomonocítica/metabolismo , Complexo CD3/imunologia , Complexo CD3/metabolismo , Carcinoma/patologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/imunologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Inflamação/metabolismo , Inflamação/patologia , Infiltração Leucêmica/patologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/imunologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundário , Linfócitos/metabolismo , Linfócitos/patologia , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Macrófagos/patologia
20.
Rom J Morphol Embryol ; 61(1): 167-174, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32747908

RESUMO

Although the morphological stages of tooth development, in parallel with maxillary bone construction, are known for decades, the intimate mechanisms of early development of the oral cavity structures and tooth's proper and associated tissues are still incompletely elucidated. Nowadays, the research in embryology was shifted from the morphological to the molecular and genetic approach. This new approach is accomplished by using in vivo and in vitro experimental studies performed on animal models and cell lines. The interest in the knowledge of these events at gene and molecular level is still current, aiming to sustain the progress in the endorsement of novel regenerative and restorative therapies. However, the morphological standpoint maintains its interest, because the extrapolation of the results of experimental studies in humans requires a strong confirmation. Within this context, our work aims to analyze the histological characteristics of the maxillary bone and integrated tooth germs during the early stages of embryonic development. The study group consisted in mandible fragments obtained by dissection of the cephalic extremities collected from fetuses aged from 10 to 24 weeks, after medical or spontaneous abortions. The tissue specimens were processed for the histological exam. The histoarchitectonic traits of the initial stages of mandibular bone tissue and tooth development were assessed. The results revealed the dynamics of the ossification stages, from stages of early-dispersed intramembranous ossification to the organization of the dental alveoli, incorporated step-by-step in the maxillary body, and the simultaneous presence of tooth germs with different sizes and shapes, in accordance with the development stage. Our study complements the existing data regarding the embryonic period, bringing an important contribution for the enlargement of existing morphological, visual information for maxillary bone and tooth development.


Assuntos
Desenvolvimento Fetal/genética , Maxila/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Odontogênese/fisiologia , Dente/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA