Medication Decision Making in Low-Income Families of Black Children With ADHD: A Mixed Methods Study.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to explore how and why some low-income Black caregivers seek medication treatment for their children with ADHD. METHODS: Using a sequential exploratory mixed method design, Phase 1 comprised an indepth case study design of seven low-income Black caregivers of children receiving medication for ADHD. Based on findings from Phase 1, the second phase involved a secondary analysis of data on Black uninsured or publicly insured children age 6 to 17 with ADHD (n = 450). RESULTS: Factors influencing medication decision-making included child safety and volatility, caregiver mental health, caregiver aggravation, family centered care (FCC), shared decision making (SDM), sole caregiver status, and school involvement. After adjusting for ADHD severity, previous receipt of special education services and experiences of FCC and SDM were independently associated with receipt of a medication for ADHD. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians and school personnel can intervene to decrease disparities in the treatment of ADHD.

Managing Substance Use Disorder through a Walking/Running Training Program.

While emerging studies have demonstrated the benefit of exercise in Substance Use Disorder (SUD) recovery outcomes, lack of motivation to engage in exercise has been indicated as one of many perceived barriers that contribute to low recruitment and adherence rates in SUD treatment. The current study aimed to explore participants' perceptions of attending a supervised exercise program (boot camp workouts, walking/running practice, and a race event) while in treatment for SUD. A total of 109 participants were recruited to a 14-week exercise training program and 61 chose to participate in, and completed, a race at the close of the program. Interviews were conducted during weeks 6 through 14 and data were examined using Thematic Analysis. Three main themes were identified: (1) pushing forward recovery through running, (2) gaining a sense of achievement by crossing the finish line, and (3) building a sense of belonging in the program. Implications for SUD recovery programs are discussed.