Preparation of hierarchically porous carbon from cellulose as highly efficient adsorbent for the removal of organic dyes from aqueous solutions.

The hierarchically porous carbons were prepared from cellulose by a one-step method and studied as dye-adsorbents using chrysoidine as a model. With the increase of holding temperature, the prepared porous carbons had larger specific surface area and became more effective. Kinetic analysis revealed that adsorption kinetics obeyed the pseudo-second order kinetic model and adsorption equilibrium could reach within 1 h. The studies on isotherm indicated that the adsorption process could be best described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum adsorption capacities was 598.8 mg g-1. Thermodynamic parameters demonstrated that the adsorption process was exothermic and spontaneous. Moreover, the porous carbon could effectively remove some other common dyes. Importantly, the prepared porous carbon was able to remove 98% of chrysoidine from polluted river water and its adsorption efficiency was inappreciably influenced by the water matrix. These results shown that the hierarchically porous carbons synthesized from biomass in this study had a wide application in water treatment.

Increased serum asprosin is correlated with diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction.

OBJECTIVE: Asprosin, a newly identified adipokine, is pathologically increased in type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study is to see whether serum asprosin concentrations are linked to diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction (DMED). METHODS: 90 male patients with type 2 diabetes were included. According to the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) score, they were classified into two groups: 45 type 2 diabetes patients without erectile dysfunction (DM group) (IIEF-5 > 21),45 patients with diabetes induced erectile dysfunction (DMED group) (IIEF-5 ≤ 21)0.45 healthy male volunteers with normal blood glucose, IIEF-5 score > 21 points, and age matched with the DMED group were included as the control group. Anthropometric and biochemical variables were determined in all participants. RESULTS: When compared to the controls, T2DM ( Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus)patients had higher serum asprosin levels. The DMED group had significantly higher serum asprosin than the T2DM groups(p < 0.001). After adjusting for multiple variables considered traditional risk factors for ED(erectile dysfunction), Asprosin can still be used as an independent risk factor for ED; The ROC(Receive Operating Characteristic Curve) indicates that asprosin has good sensitivity (97.8%) and specificity (62.2%) in predicting ED, with an area under the curve of 0.843.Correlation analysis shows that asprosin is negatively correlated with SOD(superoxide dismutase ) and positively correlated with MDA (malondialdehyde). CONCLUSION: Serum asprosin concentrations are increased in patients with DMED. Also, asprosin is correlated with oxidative stress indexes (MDA, SOD).

Highly efficient photodegradation of magnetic GO-Fe3O4@SiO2@CdS for phenanthrene and pyrene: Mechanism insight and application assessment.

A novel magnetic core-shell Fe3O4@SiO2@CdS embedded graphene oxide (GO) composite was prepared for the visible-light-driven photodegradation of high ring number polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The potential application of GO-Fe3O4@SiO2@CdS was evaluated through the photodegradation of phenanthrene and pyrene in deionized water, tap water, and lake water, respectively. It was found that GO-Fe3O4@SiO2@CdS could remove 86.4 % of phenanthrene and 93.4 % of pyrene, suggesting its potential for the degradation of high-ring number PAHs. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that pyrene has more active sites attacked by free radicals. The photoelectrochemical measurement and quenching experiments indicate that GO can transfer photoelectrons efficiently, resulting in the crucial radicals (O2-, OH and 1O2). More importantly, the photocatalytic activity kept almost constant during five cycles, confirming the significant anti-photocorrosion of GO-Fe3O4@SiO2@CdS. This work provides some new insights into the removal of PAHs with high-ring numbers in the natural water environment.

Angiotensin-(1-7) improves diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction in rats by regulating nitric oxide synthase levels.

This study explores the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction (DMED) and the effect of angiotensin 1-7 (Ang- [1-7]) on NOS levels. A type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) rat model was established. Erectile function was assessed by measuring intracavernous pressure and mean arterial pressure after electrical stimulation. The expression of iNOS, endothelial NOS (eNOS), eNOS phosphorylated at Ser 1177 (p-eNOS [Ser 1177]), and AKT/p-AKT in corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMCs) was measured by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. The plasma levels of NO, SOD, malondialdehyde, and peroxynitrite were calculated. Intracellular calcium content was determined by flow cytometry. DMED rats exhibited decreased erectile function and severe oxidative stress. Ang-(1-7) treatment improved erectile response and suppressed oxidative stress by upregulating p-eNOS/eNOS and downregulating iNOS levels. Silencing iNOS in CCSMCs decreased oxidative stress and intracellular calcium levels induced by high glucose. In turn, iNOS overexpression increased oxidative stress and intracellular calcium level. Treatment with the MAS receptor antagonist A779 and the Akt antagonist LY294002 reversed the effects of Ang-(1-7) on iNOS. Ang-(1-7) improved DMED through the MAS/AKT signaling pathway.

Facile one-step preparation of Co and Ce doped TiO2 in visible light PMS activation for PAHs degradation.

In this work, Co and Ce doped TiO2 (CoCeTi) with low content of Co and Ce was successfully prepared by a facile one-step sol-gel solvothermal process for activating Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The phenanthrene degradation rate was 98.2% effectively in 15 min by CoCeTi (50.0 mg/L) activation PMS (0.50 mmol/L) under visible light. SO4•-, O2•-, h+ and 1O2 were verified as the dominant reactive species for PAHs degradation. The collective effect of CoCeTi, PMS and visible light irradiation has been discussed. The possible phenanthrene degradation pathway was proposed through intermediates analysis. CoCeTi composed of Co3O4, CeO2 and TiO2 was confirmed. Outstandingly, CoCeTi/PMS/visible light system has very low cobalt (0.036 mg/L) and cerium (0.27 mg/L) leaching. Due to CoCeTi having good activated PMS properties and other excellent characteristics, it has potential application for PAHs or other organic pollutants degradation.

Knockdown of miR-372-3p Inhibits the Development of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Accelerating Angiogenesis via Activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/HIF-1α Signaling Pathway and Suppressing Oxidative Stress.

Background: DCM is the most common and malignant complication of diabetes. It is characterized by myocardial dilatation, hypertrophy, fibrosis, ventricular remodeling, and contractile dysfunction. Although many studies have demonstrated the function of miRNAs in the progression of DCM, but the specific role of miR-372-3p in DCM remains unknown. Methods: C57/BL6J mice were used to construct mouse models of DCM by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (50 mg/kg/d) for 5 consecutive days. Then the mice were randomly divided into model group (intramyocardial injection of empty lentivirus) and miR-372-3p KD group (intramyocardial injection of miR-372-3p KD lentivirus at 109/mouse). Besides, the control group (injection of 0.9% normal saline) was also set up. LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, was employed in the current study. Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, quantitative ultrasound method, Masson's trichrome staining, and bioinformatics analysis were performed. Results: It was found that miR-372-3p KD significantly improved left ventricular dysfunction and cardiac hypertrophy in DCM mice. Furthermore, it also improved myocardial interstitial fibrosis and remodeling in DCM mice. Immunofluorescence staining and RT-qPCR revealed that miR-372-3p KD might accelerate cardiac remodeling by increasing angiogenesis in DCM mice. Western blotting results revealed that miR-372-3p was an upstream target of the PI3K/AKT-mTOR and HIF-1α signals, as well as NOX2, NOX4, which were responsible for angiogenesis in DCM mice. Besides, the in vitro experiment showed that LY294002 markedly diminished the increased expression levels of p-PI3K, AKT, p-mTOR, p-P70S6K, HIF-1α, NOX2, and NOX4 in the model group and the miR-372-3p KD group, suggesting that PI3K signaling pathway and oxidative stress are involved in miR-372-3p KD-induced angiogenesis in HG-stimulated C166 cells. Conclusions: MiR-372-3p KD inhibits the development of DCM via activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/HIF-1α signaling pathway or suppressing oxidative stress. This offers an applicable biomarker for DCM treatment.

New Insights into the Roles of Mg in Improving the Rate Capability and Cycling Stability of O3-NaMn0.48Ni0.2Fe0.3Mg0.02O2 for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Elements doping has been used to improve the electrochemical performances of O3-type layered transition metal oxide cathodes for sodium-ion batteries. However, their roles and the improvement mechanism have not been clearly understood. Herein, the effects of Mg substitution for Mn on the structure and electrochemical performances of NaMn0.48Ni0.2Fe0.3Mg0.02O2 have been comprehensively investigated and some new insights into the roles of Mg in improving the rate capability and cycling stability have been presented. (1) The substitution of Mg for Mn enlarges the interlayer spacing, which not only enhances Na+ diffusion and the rate capability but also alleviates the lattice strains induced by Na+ intercalation/deintercalation. (2) The substitution of Mg by Mn also shrinks TM-O bond and TMO2 slabs, which enhances the layered structure stability. (3) The Mg substitution also mitigates the structure distortion or volume change of the crystal lattices and suppresses the irreversible phase transitions. (4) The substitution of low-valence Mg2+ for Mn3+ reduces Mn3+ and minimizes Jahn-Teller effect, which also further alleviates the irreversible phase transformations and improves the layered structure stability. This study not only unveils the roles of Mg but also presents some insights into designing the cathode materials with both high rate capability and high cycling stability through the lattice structure regulation.

Chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension via modulating inflammation and suppressing NF-κB/p38 pathway.

OBJECTIVES: Inflammation is involved in various forms of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Although the pathophysiology of PAH remains uncertain, NF-κB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) has been reported to be associated with many inflammatory mediators of PAH. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (CIHH) on pulmonary inflammation and remodeling in monocrotaline (MCT) induced PAH in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An in vivo model of PAH induced by MCT was employed. Statistical analyses were done using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) or Fisher's LSD test for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: Four weeks of CIHH exposure following MCT injection resulted in significant reduction of mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) level and improvement of right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). Morphometric analyses showed decreased wall thickness of pulmonary arterioles in MCT+CIHH treated rats. These findings are consistent with the decrease in Ki-67 immunostaining. Following CIHH treatments, apoptotic analysis showed a consistent decrease in T lymphocytes together with lower levels of CD4+ T cell subset as measured in spleen and blood samples. Furthermore, CIHH treatment resulted in markedly reduced expression of TNF-α and IL-6 via the inhibition of NF-κB and p38 MAPK activity in rat lungs. CONCLUSION: Altogether, these results provide new evidence relating to the mode of action of CIHH in the prevention of PAH induced by MCT.

Protective effects of Schisandrin on high glucose-induced changes of RhoA and eNOS activity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Schisandrin, derived from the Chinese medicinal herb Schisandra chinensis, has been found to confer protective effects on circulation systems. But the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a high level of glucose on RhoA and eNOS activity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs) and how Schisandrin plays a role in mediating these effects. To find the optimal treatment time, HUVECs were cultured at a high glucose concentration (30 mM) for different lengths of time (0, 12, 24, and 48 h). Subsequently, the cells were randomized into five groups: a normal group, a high glucose group, and three high glucose groups that were given different doses (5, 10, and 20 µM) of Schisandrin. The cells were pretreated with Schisandrin for 24 h before stimulation with high glucose. The morphology of HUVECs in the various groups was assessed under a light microscope. Immunocytochemical staining was used to detect the level of p-MYPT1 expression. The levels of RhoA activity were determined using the RhoA Activation Assay Biochem Kit. The levels of eNOS activity were examined using a nitrate reduction test. The results showed that in the high glucose group, the activity of RhoA was increased and the activity of eNOS was reduced, thus decreasing the secretion of NO. However, after pretreatment with Schisandrin (10, 20 µM), the activity of RhoA was inhibited and the activity of eNOS increased, which led to an increase in NO production compared with the high glucose group. There was no evident difference between the 5 µM Schisandrin group and the high glucose group. Taken together, these findings indicate that Schisandrin can improve the function of endothelial cells by lowering the activity of RhoA/Rho kinase and raising both the activity of eNOS and the production of NO.

Role of PI3K/Akt signal pathway on proliferation of mesangial cell induced by HMGB1.

Mesangial cell (MC) proliferation is an important event in LN. Our previous studies have shown that extracellular High Mobility Group Box-1 protein (HMGB1) plays a critical role in pathophysiological mechanism of lupus nephritis (LN) and HMGB1 could induce MC proliferation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signal pathway activation on mesangial cell proliferation induced by HMGB1 and whether Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) plays an important role in this progress. The results showed that HMGB1 induced overexpression of p85, p110 and p-Akt in mouse mesangial cell (MMC) and increased the proliferative level of MMC cells. In addition, HMGB1 induced a physical interaction between TLR2 and p85. The TLR2 neutralization antibody and LY294002 both reduced the MMC proliferation levels induced by HMGB1 and also blocked the HMGB1-dependent phosphorylation of the Akt. Thus, HMGB1 increases interaction between TLR2 with p85 and in sequence phosphorylates Akt at ser473, thereafter mediates MMC proliferation, which contributed significantly to the pathophysiology of MMCs dysfunction.

SHIP2 on pI3K/Akt pathway in palmitic acid stimulated islet ß cell.

This study is to investigate the influence of SHIP2 on palmitic acid stimulated islet ß cell and insulin secretion, as well as its role in pI3K/Akt pathway. We defined four groups: control, acid group, acid + NC siRNA group and acid + siRNA transfection group. The control was neither treated by palmitic acid nor transfection. The acid group was subjected to palmitic acid incubation. The acid + NC siRNA group was transiently transfected by NC siRNA, then was stimulated by palmitic acid. The acid + siRNA group was transiently transfected by siRNA, then was stimulated by palmitic acid. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured by MTT and flow cytometry. Immunocytochemistry, Western Blot and QPCR were designed to detect the expression of SHIP2, Akt, p-Akt protein and mRNA. Insulin secretion was tested by radioimmunoassay. The apoptosis rate in the acid + siRNA group was non-significantly lower than the acid group and the acid + NC siRNA group (P > 0.05). The expression levels of Akt phosphorylation in the acid + siRNA group was significantly higher than in the acid + NC siRNA group and the acid group (P < 0.05). And under 22.4 mmol/L glucose KRB, insulin secretion in the acid + siRNA group was significantly more than the acid + NC siRNA group and the acid group (P < 0.05). SHIP2 silencing probably stimulates insulin secretion, which may be associated with the enhanced proliferation in the pI3K/Akt pathway.

Studies on a high encapsulation of colchicine by a niosome system.

To prepare niosomes which have high encapsulation capacity for soluble drugs, starting from Span 60 and cholesterol, an improved method, evaporation-sonication method, was proposed. The corresponding niosomes show a good stability at least 40 days. Colchicine was chosen as a model drug for examining the capsulation capacity of these niosomes. To obtain the highest encapsulation efficiency, several factors including the structure of surfactant, level of lipid, content of drug and cholesterol were investigated and optimized. The inner cause was also discussed. The results indicate that the Span 60 is the most ideal surfactant among four kinds of Span. Furthermore, the release studies of colchicine and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in vitro from niosomes exhibited a prolonged release profile as studied over a period of 24 h. The results demonstrated that niosomes prepared in this way not only have high encapsulation capacity but also is expected that side effects of drugs may be reduced. It still suggests that this method may be used extensively in the field of encapsulation soluble drugs.

Rapid and efficient removal of Ni(2+) from aqueous solution by the one-pot synthesized EDTA-modified magnetic nanoparticles.

A facile one-pot process has been proposed to prepare the novel ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-modified magnetite nanoparticles (EDTA-MNPs). The bared Fe3O4 magnetite nanoparticles and EDTA-MNPs were characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, TEM, VSM, and X-ray diffraction. The application of the modified magnetite nanoparticles for metal ion uptake was studied using Ni(2+) as a model. The adsorption was fast and the equilibrium was established within 5 min, and the adsorption kinetics of Ni(2+) onto EDTA-MNPs followed the pseudo second-order chemisorption mechanism. Maximum adsorption capacity for Ni(2+) reached as high as 41.3 mg/g at pH 6. The successive adsorption-desorption studies indicated that the EDTA-MNPs kept the adsorption and desorption efficiencies constant over ten cycles. Importantly, EDTA-MNPs were able to remove nearly 100 % of Ni(2+) from real water.

Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in apoptosis of differentiated mouse podocytes induced by high glucose.

Podocytes are terminally differentiated epithelial cells lacking the ability to proliferate. The loss of podocytes is a hallmark of progressive kidney diseases, including diabetic nephropathy (DN). Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-induced apoptosis is involved in a number of pathological conditions, including DN. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether a high glucose environment induces the apoptosis of podocytes through ERS. Differentiated mouse podocytes were divided into three groups: the normal glucose group (NG, 1 g/l D-glucose), the high glucose group (HG, 4.5 g/l D-glucose) and the mannitol group (M, 1 g/l D-glucose plus 24.4 mM mannitol). The cells were harvested following stimulation with the indicated treatments for 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. Podocyte apoptosis was determined using TUNEL assay and flow cytometry (propidium iodide staining). Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein (CHOP/GADD153) and caspase-12 expression was analyzed by RT-PCR, western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry. The apoptotic rate increased significantly in the HG group compared with the NG and M groups at 48 and 72 h (all P<0.01). GRP78 expression, an indicator of ERS, was increased from 12 h, indicating that ERS was activated. Subsequently, two ER-associated death (ERAD) pathways, the CHOP/GADD153- and caspase­12-dependent pathways, were detected. CHOP/GADD153 expression reached its peak at 48 h, and caspase-12 expression gradually increased with time. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that caspase-12 and CHOP/GADD153 positively correlated with the apoptotic rate (r=0.915, P<0.01 and r=0.639, P<0.01). Our results demonstrated that hyperglycemia (high glucose) induced apoptosis partly through ERS in the differentiated mouse podocytes, which possibly contributes to the pathogenesis of DN.

Entrapment and release difference resulting from hydrogen bonding interactions in niosome.

In this study the influence of hydrogen bonding interaction between niosomal membrane and solutes on the drug loading and release was investigated. Salicylic acid (SA) and p-hydroxyl benzoic acid (p-BA) were selected as models. Niosomes were prepared with 1:1 molar ratios of various surfactants and cholesterol by film hydration technique, and the corresponding formulation variables were optimized to achieve the maximum entrapment efficiencies (EE%). The EE% of different formulations followed the trend Span 60>Span 40>Span 20>Span 80. Additionally, it was also found that the EE% of p-BA was much higher than that of SA. This difference may be due to the formation of hydrogen bond between p-BA and niosomal membrane, and the corresponding interaction diagram has been proposed and confirmed indirectly by UV spectroscopy method. The quantitative analysis of hydrogen binding interaction between solutes and niosome has been finished firstly, and the corresponding entrapment equilibrium constant K has been calculated as well. Moreover, in vitro the release of both drugs from niosomes was examined in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), respectively. The results indicated that the release of p-BA in SIF was much slower than that in SGF, and the release rate of SA in SGF is apparently slower than that in SIF. The possible mechanism was given as well.

[The relationship between endoplasmic reticulum stress and its particular apoptosis way caspase-12 and apoptosis in renal cortex of diabetic rats].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expressions of 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) and Caspase-12 and their relationship with apoptosis in renal cortex of diabetic rats. METHODS: Uninephrectomized Wistar rats were used to induce diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin (STZ 65 mg/kg). After 8 weeks, the expression and distribution of GRP78, Caspase-12, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were examined by immunohistochemistry. Flow cytometry was used to detect the levels of protein of GRP78 and Caspase-12. Apoptosis was evaluated by means of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d-UDP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and Flow cytometry. Serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and 24-hour urine protein excretion were checked. RESULTS: Compared with those in normal control group, the numbers of apoptosis and the expression of GRP78, Caspase-12 in glomerular and tubular cells were much higher in the diabetic kidneys at 8 weeks. There was no significant difference between group A and group B. CONCLUSION: Activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress may play an important role in the development of diabetic nephropathy.

Enhancement of ß-crystalline phase of poly(vinylidene fluoride) in the presence of hyperbranched copolymer wrapped multiwalled carbon nanotubes.

Many efforts have been performed on the poly(vinylidene fluoride), PVDF, due to its piezoelectric, pyroelectric and ferroelectric potentials. In this regard, how to fabricate the PVDF with high content of ß-phase, which is also the direct contribution to PVDF's prominent property, becomes a critical issue. In this study, starting with the α-phase dominated sample, the PVDF with extremely high content of ß-crystalline phase was obtained by the incorporation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) modified by hyperbranched copolymers (HBCs). We proved that, via XRD, DSC as well as the structural characterizations from the polarized optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the success of this strategy was ascribed to the enhanced dispersibility and stability of MWCNTs endowed by the HBCs, which significantly favors the formation of the ß-crystalline phase of PVDF.

Effective removal of Cu (II) ions from aqueous solution by amino-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles.

A novel magnetic nano-adsorbent (MNP-NH(2)) has been developed by the covalent binding of 1,6-hexadiamine on the surface of Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles for removal of Cu(2+) ions from aqueous solution. Various factors affecting the uptake behavior such as contact time, temperature, pH, salinity, amount of MNP-NH(2) and initial concentration of Cu(2+) were investigated. The kinetics was evaluated utilizing the Lagergren pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich and intra-particle diffusion models. The equilibrium data were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms. The adsorption was relatively fast and the equilibrium was established within 5 min, and its kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order mechanism, evidencing chemical sorption as the rate-limiting step of sorption mechanism. The best interpretation for the equilibrium data was given by Langmuir isotherm, and the maximum adsorption capacities was 25.77 mg g(-1) at pH 6, and 298 K. Thermodynamic parameters showed that the adsorption process was spontaneous, endothermic and chemical in nature. The successive adsorption-desorption studies indicated that the MNP-NH(2) sorbent kept its adsorption and desorption efficiencies constant over 15 cycles. Importantly, MNP-NH(2) was able to remove 98% of Cu(2+) from polluted river and tap water.

[Free and bound PAHs in a sediment core from nam van artificial lake of Macao].

To study the posts-depositional behaviors of organic pollutants in natural conditions, concentrations and distributions of free and bound PAHs in a sediment core from Nam Van artificial Lake of Macao were investigated. Result indicate that free PAHs are predominated by 4-ring, 6,7-ring, and 5-ring PAHs, with the mass percentages of 28.7% to approximately 40.6%, 17.6% to approximately 29.6%, and 13.2% to approximately 28.2%, respectively, and for bound PAHs, the main components are 4-ring, 3-ring, and 2-ring ones, with mass percentages 42.3% to approximately 55.8%, 20.2% to approximately 35.8%, and 7.8% to approximately 18.8%, respectively, which suggeste that PAHs with low molecular weight are more prone to entering the micro-pores of sediment organic matters. Vertical profile of free PAHs concentrations in sediment core, to some degree, is correlated with the degree of regional economy development and the proceeding of environmental management. The concentrations of bound PAHs in the sediment core are controlled by the total PAHs mass input to the sediments and the structure (especially the polymerization) of sediment organic mater. The sediment burying favors the transformation of free form to bound form for PAH compounds.