Overview of recent advances in liposomal nanoparticle-based cancer immunotherapy.

The clinical performance of conventional cancer therapy approaches (surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy) has been challenged by tumor metastasis and recurrence that is mainly responsible for cancer-caused mortalities. The cancer immunotherapy is being emerged nowadays as a promising therapeutic modality in order to achieve a highly efficient therapeutic performance while circumventing tumor metastasis and relapse. Liposomal nanoparticles (NPs) may serve as an ideal platform for systemic delivery of the immune modulators. In this review, we summarize the cutting-edge progresses in liposomal NPs for cancer immunotherapy, with focus on dendritic cells, T cells, tumor cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages. The review highlights the major challenges and provides a perspective regarding the clinical translation of liposomal nanoparticle-based immunotherapy.

[Expression of miR-155 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Its Clinical Significance].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of microRNA-155(miR-155) in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) of the patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML) and its clinical significance. METHODS: Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to detect the expression level of miR-155 in bone marrow mononuclear cells from 80 cases of AML and 11 cases of negative control patients. RESULTS: Compared with the negative control group ,the expressions of miR-155 in initial diagnosis group and remission group both increased (P<0.01), that in the initial treatment group was significantly higher than the remission group (P<0.05). The expression level of miR-155 did not significantly correlate with the clinical features of patients. Between different cytogenetic groups in AML patients, miR-155 expression levels in the moderate prognostic group and poor prognositic group were significantly higher as compared with the favorable prognosis group P<0.05, P<0.05）, but there was no significant difference between poor and moderate progrestic groups(P>0.05). The results of tracking the situation after induction therapy of newly diagnozed AML patients showed that the remission rate of initial induction in miRNA155 high expression group and low expression group were 59.09% and 87.5% (X(2) =4.8, P<0.05), and the expression level of miR-155 in initial diagnosis of patients without complete remission after chemotherapy was significantly higher than that in patients with complete remission after chemotherapy (P= 0.042). CONCLUSION: The expression of miR-155 in AML patients is high and reduced the rate of complete remission. The high expression of miR-155 is an poor prognostic factor for patients with AML.