A multiparametric MRI-based machine learning to distinguish between uterine sarcoma and benign leiomyoma: comparison with 18F-FDG PET/CT.

AIM: To compare the performance of machine learning using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) and positron-emission tomography (PET) to distinguish between uterine sarcoma and leiomyoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board and informed consent was waived. Sixty-seven consecutive patients with uterine sarcoma or leiomyoma who underwent pelvic 3 T MRI and PET were included. Of 67 patients, 11 had uterine sarcomas and 56 had leiomyomas. Seven different parameters were measured in the tumours, from T2-weighted, T1-weighted, contrast-enhanced, and diffusion-weighted MRI, and PET. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) with a leave-one-out cross-validation were used to compare the diagnostic performances of the univariate and multivariate logistic regression (LR) model with those of two board-certified radiologists. RESULTS: The AUCs of the univariate models using MRI parameters (0.68-0.8) were inferior to that of the maximum standardised uptake value (SUVmax) of PET (0.85); however, the AUC of the multivariate LR model (0.92) was superior to that of SUVmax, and comparable to that of the board-certified radiologists (0.97 and 0.89). CONCLUSION: The diagnostic performance of the machine learning using mp-MRI was superior to PET and comparable to that of experienced radiologists.

[In vitro combination effects of astromicin and beta-lactam antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In vitro synergistic activities].

In vitro synergistic activities of astromicin (ASTM), a new aminoglycoside antibiotic, combined with beta-lactam antibiotics (cefsulodin (CFS), cefoperazone (CPZ), latamoxef (LMOX) were investigated against P. aeruginosa by the checkerboard technique, FIC index and the killing curve. FIC indexes of ASTM in combination with beta-lactam antibiotics against 11 fresh clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa, P. aeruginosa BMH No. 1 and E-2 were synergistic or partially synergistic in most cases. Checkerboard of P. aeruginosa BMH No. 1 and E-2 to ASTM and 3 beta-lactam antibiotics showed the synergism, too. Bacteriostatic concentrations of ASTM, CFS, CPZ or LMOX showed synergistically bactericidal effects when these antibiotics were added in combination to the culture of P. aeruginosa BMH No. 1.