Skin cancers arising within tattoos: A systematic review.

Background: Tattooing is a widespread practice and has increased in popularity over time. Many lesions have been described in relation to tattoos, including malignant tumors. Objectives: The primary goal of this review is to determine whether the frequency of published cases of skin cancers within tattoos has been increasing over time. Methods: Our review is in adherence to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and reporting criteria. The databases MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase via Elsevier, and Scopus via Elsevier were searched from inception to February 23, 2023. No data or publication date limits were imposed. Results: Our review identified 160 cases of cutaneous tumors arising within tattoos. An increase in published cases over time was observed. Most reported tumors developed within red tattoo pigment (36.9%), with the largest contribution by squamous cell carcinoma and keratoacanthoma lesions. Limitations: There was a lack of consistency of information in published case reports which limited the scope of our analysis. Small sample size was also a limitation of this review. Conclusions: With the increased popularity of tattoos, it is helpful to continue reporting cases of cutaneous malignancies within tattoos. Awareness of the frequency and severity of tumors within tattoos may be communicated to the public.

Examining body mass index and health-related fitness marker progression of incarcerated minority youth engaged in a sport-leadership program.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a sport-leadership program on minority incarcerated young adults' health-related fitness markers. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: This study occurred at an all-male juvenile detention center. A total of 41 participants in this study were obtained from a sample of 103 incarcerated young adults. Data collection entailed body mass index (BMI) evaluation, cardiovascular endurance tests and 1-min pushups and situps at two different time periods (before and after three months). A 2 × 2 mixed factorial analysis of variances was used to test for differences among the within subjects' factors (time [pre × post]) and between subjects' factors (groups [flex × control]) for the above-mentioned dependent variables. FINDINGS: Over the course of three consecutive months of engagement, preliminary indications demonstrated participants had a slight reduction in BMI and significant increases in cardiovascular endurance and muscle strength. Contrarily, during this same time period, non-participating young adults exhibited significant increases in BMI and decreases in cardiovascular endurance and muscle strength. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: Integration of sport-leadership programs is generally not free but can be a low-cost alternative for combatting many issues surrounding physical activity, weight gain and recreational time for those incarcerated.

The impact on quality-of-life following treatment of surgical facial scars with laser-based therapy: a scoping review.

Post-surgical scarring impacts quality of life (QOL) and is a significant source of morbidity. Existing treatments targeted at improving the appearance and morbidity of scarring include laser-based therapies. Although lasers are frequently used to improve scar appearance, the effects on QOL are unclear. A scoping review was conducted to assess the impact of laser-based therapy for patients with surgical facial scarring on QOL. Throughout literature review was conducted with the guidance of a medical librarian. Relevant articles underwent two rounds of screening by two, independent reviewers. Data were extracted from each article and later analyzed. Of the four articles analyzed, laser-based therapies were demonstrated as effective in improving QOL for patients with facial scars resultant from surgical intervention. Laser-based therapy should be considered when treating facial scarring resultant from surgical intervention, as it has been shown to improve patient QOL. Standardization of QOL assessment and further studies expanding scar inclusion should be pursued given the paucity of information found through this review.

Nuevos y viejos agentes asociados a diarrea en niños en Honduras / New and old agents of acute diarrhea In children In Honduras

INTRODUCCIÓN: La diarrea es la segunda causa de morbilidad y mortalidad en niños menores de 5 años en Honduras. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los agentes etiológicos virales, bacterianos y parasitarios en niños con diarrea no sanguino lenta de 2 barrios marginales de Comayagüela, Honduras. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio de casos y controles realizado del 1er de marzo al 31 de agosto 2004 en los centros de Salud de Las Crucitas y El Carrizal, en 151 niños de 6 meses a 5 años de edad con diarrea aguda que acudieron por demanda espontanea; con los correspondientes 151 controles apareados por edad, sexo y vecindario, una vez obtenido el consentimiento informado. Las muestras de heces se procesaron por virus, bacterias y parásitos utilizando métodos convencionales en el laboratorio. El análisis estadístico además de la prueba exacta de Fisher. RESULTADOS: Se encontró una asociación significativa entre los niños infectados por Cryptosporidium spp. y Adenovirus y los episodios de diarrea aguda, comparada con los no infectados por esos agentes patógenos (OR=9.31, 95%CI=1.24 - 69.97; OR = 5.47, 95%CI=1.51 – 19.80, respectivamente); los 8 pacientes infectados con Rotavirus tenían un cuadro diarreico agudo evidente (prueba exacta de Fisher p<0.01). CONCLUSIONES: Las infecciones por Adenovirus, Rotavirus y Cryptosporidium spp. se asociaron fuertemente con diarrea aguda no sanguinolenta en niños en Honduras...

First come, first serve: " sit and wait" behavior in dung beetles at the source of primate dung / El primero que llegue, primero se sirve: comportamiento " sentarse y esperar" en los escarabajos del estiércol en la fuente de excremento de primate

Dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) compete intensively for dung resources, and most species forage in the understory. Here, we describe the unique behavior of one dung beetle species, Canthon aff. quadriguttatus (Olivier), associated with two species of monkeys from Peru. We observed this beetle species on the genital and anal regions of the brown titi monkey, Callicebus brunneus (Wagner), and subsequently falling with dung as the monkeys defecated. The same association was also observed with the bald-faced saki monkey, Pithecia irrorata irrorata (Gray). Using the " sit and wait" at the source behavior, C. quadriguttus may arrive first at the dung resource, possibly out-competing other dung beetle species. This paper is the first report of this behavior for C. aff. quadriguttatus on the brown titi monkey and bald-faced saki monkey from southeastern, Amazonian Peru. We discuss this behavior in the context of competition and resource partitioning, and also speculate as to why C. aff. quadriguttatus has been found on both monkey species.

Los Escarabajos del estiércol (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) compiten intensamente por excrementos, un recurso escaso por el cual muchas especies forrajean en el sotobosque en bosques tropicales. En este artículo describimos el comportamiento particular de una especie de escarabajo del estiércol, Canthon aff. quadriguttatus (Olivier), asociado a dos especies de primates en Perú. Observamos esta especie de escarabajo en la región genital y anal de monos " tocones" , Callicebus brunneus (Wagner), y subsecuentemente cayendo con excrementos que los monos defecaron. De manera similar, observamos individuos de esta especie de escarabajo asociados a monos " huapos" , Pithecia irrorata irrorata (Gray). Mediante un comportamiento de " sentarse y esperar" a la fuente, C. aff. quadriguttatus llega primero a la fuente de excremento y aparentemente supera a otras especies de escarabajos en la competencia por el mismo recurso. Este artículo representa el primer registro de C. aff. quadriguttatus en asociación a dos especies de primate en la Amazonía del sureste de Perú. Discutimos este comportamiento en el contexto de competencia y distribución de recursos y especulamos sobre la razón por la cual este escarabajo está asociado a ambas especies de primates.

Diretrices para la investigacion en homeopatia / Directives for the investigation in homeopathy

La investigacion homeopatica es importante para demostrar la eficacia de los medicamentos y mejorar la practica de la homeopatia. Se discuten tres areas principales de investigacion: basica, clinica y epidemiologica. Se ofrecen sugerencias para investigar en cada area. Existen tres areas principales en la investigacion homeopatica que quisiera tratar: investigacion en ciencia basica, investigacion clinica, estudios epidemiologicos. Para que la homeopatia avance en los siguientes diez anos cruciales, es esencial desarrollar un solido cuerpo de evidencia en las tres areas

Tratamiento homeopático de otitis media aguda en niños: un ensayo aleatorio preliminar controlado con placebo / Homeopathic treatment of otitis media in children: a preliminar randomized controlled trial with placebo

Actualmente se cuestiona el uso de antibioticos en el tratamiento inicial de otitis media aguda. Aunque historicamente la homeopatia se emplea en esta enfermedad, no existen ensayos metodologicamente rigurosos para determinar...