Transcript profiling of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) identified interesting genes for seed dormancy.

Hairy vetch, a diploid annual legume species, has a robust growth habit, high biomass yield, and winter hardy characteristics. Seed hardness is a major constraint for growing hairy vetch commercially. Hard seeded cultivars are valuable as forages, whereas soft seeded and shatter resistant cultivars have advantages for their use as a cover crop. Transcript analysis of hairy vetch was performed to understand the genetic mechanisms associated with important hairy vetch traits. RNA was extracted from leaves, flowers, immature pods, seed coats, and cotyledons of contrasting soft and hard seeded "AU Merit" plants. A range of 31.22-79.18 Gb RNA sequence data per tissue sample were generated with estimated coverage of 1040-2639×. RNA sequence assembly and mapping of the contigs against the Medicago truncatula (V4.0) genome identified 76,422 gene transcripts. A total of 24,254 transcripts were constitutively expressed in hairy vetch tissues. Key genes, such as KNOX4 (a class II KNOTTED-like homeobox KNOXII gene), qHs1 (endo-1,4-ß-glucanase), GmHs1-1 (calcineurin-like metallophosphoesterase), chitinase, shatterproof 1 and 2 (SHP1, SHP2), shatter resistant 1-5 (SHAT1-5)(NAC transcription factor), PDH1 (prephenate dehydrogenase 1), and pectin methylesterases with a potential role in seed hardness and pod shattering, were further explored based on genes involved in seed hardness from other species to query the hairy vetch transcriptome data. Identification of interesting candidate genes in hairy vetch can facilitate the development of improved cultivars with desirable seed characteristics for use as a forage and as a cover crop.

Clinical quality indicators: infection prophylaxis for total knee arthroplasty.

Clinical quality indicators have a strong influence on reducing the overall financial impact, improving the outcomes, and minimizing the adverse events among patients undergoing elective total knee arthroplasty. In today's era of healthcare reform and increasing healthcare costs, it is important for orthopaedic nurses to be aware of the vital role clinical quality indicators play in the perioperative and postoperative settings.

From selfobjects to dialogue: a journey through the intersubjective field.

The intersubjective field concept is a doorway to a dialogical sensibility. A dialogical attitude recognizes just how thoroughly and intimately any effort to understand another implicates both parties in the dialogue. The therapist's task is to engage in a dialogue that stands the greatest chance of enabling the therapist to understand how our patients' experiences--and ours--make perfect sense at this time in this situation together, even when our patients' statements challenge our equilibrium or raise our defenses. In addition, many patients also struggle toward an engagement with their analyst not just as a repetitive figure (and not even as someone who merely serves their developmental needs). I think they strive for a more complex experience of the analyst in his or her subjectivity. Our ability to welcome them into our experiential worlds is often transformative in restoring a sense of dignity to emotionally alienated patients. An extended case example demonstrates these ideas.