Lifetime HIV testing among three samples of adults with histories of incarceration in Southern California.

ABSTRACTJustice-impacted persons may inconsistently access HIV testing. This cross-sectional secondary analysis investigates lifetime HIV testing prevalence among adults with prior histories of incarceration in Southern California, United States, participating in health-focused programming (n = 3 studies). Self-reported demographic and lifetime HIV testing data were collected between 2017-2023; descriptive analyses were conducted. Across the three samples, at least 74% of participants were male; Latino and African American individuals accounted for nearly two-thirds of participants. Lifetime HIV testing ranged from 72.8% to 84.2%. Males were significantly more likely than females to report never being tested in two samples and accounted for >95% of those never tested. No statistically significant differences in testing were observed by race/ethnicity. Single young adults (ages 18-26) were less likely than their partnered peers to report testing. HIV testing is critical for ensuring that individuals access prevention and treatment. HIV testing among justice-impacted adults in this study was higher than in the general population, potentially due to opt-out testing in correctional settings. Nevertheless, these findings underscore the importance of implementing targeted interventions to reduce structural (e.g., health insurance, access to self-testing kits) and social barriers (e.g., HIV stigma) to increase HIV testing among justice-impacted males and single young adults.

Replacing warfarin with a novel oral anticoagulant: Risk of recurrent bleeding and stroke in patients with warfarin ineligible or failure in patients with atrial fibrillation (The ROAR study).

BACKGROUND: A significant proportion of patients treated with warfarin for atrial fibrillation (AF) become warfarin ineligible (WI) due to major bleeding events (MBE) or systemic thromboembolism (STE). We report a large multicenter real-world experience of the use of direct oral antagonists (DOACs) in these WI patients. METHODS: We report the outcomes of 263 WI patients treated with DOACs. The primary objective was to evaluate clinical outcomes of STE and MBE with DOACs. Secondary objective was to assess clinical predictors of repeat MBE and STE on DOACs. RESULTS: Note that 63% (166 of 263) patients had a repeat MBE on DOACs. Repeat MBE was significantly higher in patients with prior gastrointestinal bleeding (74.5% vs. 30%, P < 0.0001). Five percent (12 of 263) developed repeat STE. Higher mean CHA2DS2VASC (6.5 ± 1.7 vs. 3.3 ± 1.6 = 0.001) score was associated with repeat STE. About 34% (57 of 166) of patients had an intervention to manage repeat MBE. LAAO devices were successfully used in 67% (12 of 18) high-risk patients who underwent major interventions to manage MBE. CONCLUSION: In WI patients rechallenged with DOACs, a significant proportion developed repeat MBE. LAAO devices seem reasonable in those patients who undergo major interventions to manage MBE with cautious and temporary continuation of DOAC.

Media and life dissatisfaction as predictors of body dissatisfaction / Mídia e insatisfação com a vida como preditores de insatisfação corporal / Medios de comunicación y satisfacción con la vida como predictores de insatisfacción corporal

Body dissatisfaction can contribute to social, occupational and recreational losses, constituting a risk factor to health. This study aimed to evaluate the predictors of body dissatisfaction regarding demographic variables, media and life satisfaction among university students. The sample consisted of 321 participants older than 18 years. Body dissatisfaction, life dissatisfaction and media messages internalization were evaluated by Escala de Silhuetas para Adultos Brasileiros, Subjective Well-Being Scale and Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3, respectively. Data were collected by an online survey tool (SurveyMonkey®) and were analyzed using multiple linear regression. It was found that body dissatisfaction was positively related to inaccuracy in the perception of body size, Body Mass Index, life dissatisfaction, media messages internalization and television exposure. These findings evidence the importance of these predictors in the dynamics of body dissatisfaction, which support the development of preventive and treatment interventions.

A insatisfação corporal pode contribuir para prejuízos sociais, ocupacionais e recreativos, constituindo-se em fator de risco à saúde. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os preditores de insatisfação corporal em relação a variáveis demográficas, mídia e satisfação com a vida entre universitários. A amostra foi composta por 321 participantes com idade superior a 18 anos. A insatisfação corporal, satisfação com a vida e internalização de mensagens midiáticas foram avaliadas, respectivamente, pela Escala de Silhuetas para Adultos Brasileiros, Escala de Bem-Estar Subjetivo e Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3. Os dados foram coletados pela ferramenta de pesquisa on-line SurveyMonkey® e analisados mediante regressão linear múltipla. Verificou-se que a insatisfação corporal está associada positivamente com inacurácia na percepção do tamanho corporal, Índice de Massa Corporal, insatisfação com a vida, internalização de mensagens midiáticas e exposição à televisão. Estes achados evidenciam a importância destes preditores na dinâmica da insatisfação corporal, o que pode favorecer o planejamento de intervenções preventivas e de tratamento.

La insatisfacción corporal puede contribuir para pérdidas sociales, ocupacionales y recreativas, constituyéndose en factor de riesgo para la salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los predictores de insatisfacción corporal con relación a variables demográficas, media y satisfacción con la vida entre universitarios. La muestra se compuso por 321 participantes con edad superior a 18 años. La insatisfacción corporal, la satisfacción con la vida e internalización de mensajes mediáticas fueron evaluadas, respectivamente, por la Escala de Silhuetas para Adultos Brasileiros, Escala de Bem-Estar Subjetivo, e Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3. Los datos fueron colectados por la herramienta de investigación online SurveyMonkey® y analizados mediante regresión linear múltiplo. Fue verificado que la insatisfacción corporal está asociada positivamente a inexactitud en la percepción del tamaño corporal, índice de masa corporal, insatisfacción con la vida, internalización de mensajes mediáticas y exposición a la televisión. Estos resultados evidencian la importancia de estos predictores en la dinámica de la insatisfacción corporal, lo que favorece la planificación de intervenciones preventivas y de tratamiento.