Vitamin D3 reverses immune tolerance and enhances the cytotoxicity of effector T cells in coal pneumoconiosis.

Coal worker's pneumoconiosis (CWP) is a common occupational disease that coal miners are highly susceptible due to long-term exposure to coal dust particles (CDP). CWP can induce the accumulation of immune cells surrounding the bronchioles and alveoli in the lungs, resulting in pulmonary fibrosis and compromised immune function. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq), our previous studies disclose that CDP exposure triggers heterogeneity of transcriptional profiles in mouse pneumoconiosis, while Vitamin D3 (VitD3) supplementation reduces CDP-induced cytotoxicity; however, the mechanism by which how VitD3 regulates immune status in coal pneumoconiosis remains unclear. In this study, we elucidated the heterogeneity of pulmonary lymphocytes in mice exposed to CDP and demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of VitD3 using scRNA-Seq dataset. The validation of key lymphocyte markers and their functional molecules was performed using immunofluorescence. The results demonstrated that VitD3 increased the number of naive T cells by modulating CD4 + T cell differentiation and decreased the number of Treg cells in CDP-exposed mice, thereby enhancing the cytotoxic activity of CD8 + effector T cells. These effects markedly alleviated lung fibrosis and symptoms. Taken together, the mechanism by which VitD3 regulates the functions of lymphocytes in CWP provides a new perspective for further research on the prevention and treatment of CWP.

Maternal nicotine exposure promotes hippocampal CeRNA-mediated excitotoxicity and social barriers in adolescent offspring mice.

Nicotine, an addictive component of cigarettes, causes cognitive defects, particularly when exposure occurs early in life. However, the exact mechanism through which nicotine causes toxicity and alters synaptic plasticity is still not fully understood. The aim of the current study is to examine how non-coding developmental regulatory RNA impacts the hippocampus of mice offspring whose mothers were exposed to nicotine. Female C57BL/6J mice were given nicotine water from one week before pregnancy until end of lactation. Hippocampal tissue from offspring at 20 days post-birth was used for LncRNA and mRNA microarray analysis. Differential expression of LncRNAs and mRNAs associated with neuronal development were screened and validated, and the CeRNA pathway mediating neuronal synaptic plasticity GM13530/miR-7119-3p/mef2c was predicted using LncBase Predicted v.2. Using protein immunoblotting, Golgi staining and behavioral tests, our findings revealed that nicotine exposure in offspring mice increased hippocampal NMDAR receptor, activated receptor-dependent calcium channels, enhanced the formation of NMDAR/nNOS/PSD95 ternary complexes, increased NO synthesis, mediated p38 activation, induced neuronal excitability toxicity. Furthermore, an epigenetic CeRNA regulatory mechanism was identified, which suppresses Mef2c-mediated synaptic plasticity and leads to modifications in the learning and social behavior of the offspring during adolescence. This study uncovers the way in which maternal nicotine exposure results in neurotoxicity in offspring.

Screening of Sintering Aids for Oxide Ceramics: A Case of NASICON Electrolyte.

In this work, an efficient screening method to select appropriate sintering aids for a wide range of oxide material systems is developed. Consequently, Na2 B4 O7 , NaF, and CuO are selected as sintering aids for sodium super ionic conductor (NASICON)-type Na3 Zr2 Si2 PO12 ceramic to verify the feasibility of the as-proposed method. As evidenced by the results, the sinterability and densification of ceramic matrix are apparently improved. Specifically, Na3 Zr2 Si2 PO12 -7%Na2 B4 O7 , Na3 Zr2 Si2 PO12 -3%NaF, and Na3 Zr2 Si2 PO12 -3%CuO endow much higher room temperature ionic conductivity of 1.03 × 10-3 , 1.61 × 10-3 , and 1.63 × 10-3  S cm-1 , respectively, in comparison with the pristine (7.23 × 10-4  S cm-1 ). The underlying mechanism for the enhanced performance is also discussed. The symmetric sodium cells assembled with sintering aids modified Na3 Zr2 Si2 PO12 ceramic electrolyte exhibit ultra-stable metallic Na plating/stripping at room temperature. Moreover, solid-state sodium batteries paired with Na3 V1.5 Cr0.5 (PO4 )3 cathode active material and modified Na3 Zr2 Si2 PO12 ceramic electrolyte demonstrate superior cycling stability and excellent rate capability. Furthermore, an as-developed strategy can be universally extended to synthesize high-performance oxide ceramics.

Global rigorous coupled wave analysis for design of multilayer metasurface absorbers.

In this work, a novel Global NV-ETM RCWA method is proposed to accelerate the optimization of the periodic stepped radar absorbing structure. This method is based on the rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) utilizing the normal vector field (NV) and enhanced transmittance matrix (ETM) approach. The NV field dramatically improves the convergence rate for both dielectric and magnetic metasurfaces. The Global NV-ETM RCWA algorithm is developed to further accelerate the complete search calculations. Using the proposed method, the periodic stepped radar absorbing structures are efficiently optimized to realize the entire band absorption in 2-18 GHz. The optimization results demonstrate the Global NV-ETM RCWA method significantly increase the computational efficiency, with a 38-fold improvement over direct NV-ETM RCWA calculations when the truncation order N=3. This method provides a powerful tool for designing metasurface absorbers with various desired functionalities.

Active Control of Interface Dynamics in NASICON-Based Rechargeable Solid-State Sodium Batteries.

Severe challenges are restraining the practical application of solid-state batteries, such as the dendrite growth and unsatisfactory compatibility between solid electrolyte and electrode. Here, we propose an interface dynamic control (IDC) strategy to ensure the stable operation of NASICON-based solid-state sodium batteries. First, we introduce intergranular phase (CuO) to effectively promote the densification of Na3Zr2Si2PO12 with an optimized ionic conductivity of 1.74 × 10-3 S cm-1 at 25 °C. Moreover, the kinetically formed Na-Cu-O interlayer reveals outstanding conductive capability. The dramatically reduced interfacial area-specific resistance (70 ohm cm-2) boosts the resistance to Na dendrite growth, ensuring the excellent cycling stability of symmetric Na cells at a current density of 0.4 mA cm-2 and room temperature. All-solid-state sodium metal batteries with Na3V1.5Cr0.5(PO4)3 cathode and modified Na3Zr2Si2PO12 ceramic electrolyte reveal a high retention of 87.4% at 100 mA g-1 over 300 cycles. This work opens up a new route for the rational interface design of NASICON-structure solid electrolyte toward the application in the high energy-density and high safety electrochemical energy storage devices.

A Technical Solution to Solve the Operation Difficulties of Single-Port Laparoscopic Surgical Instruments.

NEED: Mutual interference between the instruments and the lens is inevitable because lenses and instruments used in the surgical field are inserted through a small incision. This problem has seriously affected the popularization and application of single-port laparoscopic surgery. METHODOLOGY AND DEVICE DESCRIPTION: The author used a self-developed single incision sealing device, the hard material operation panel supports the lens and equipment so that one can expose the operation field from any angle. The panel helps the assistant to expose and maintain a stable visual field with one hand holding the mirror and the other holding the plier. While the assistant maintains a stable surgical field, the operator can control the instrument from any angle during the main operation. PRELIMINARY RESULTS: The new approach guarantees the safety of the operation, so the indications for a single-port operation will be promoted. CURRENT STATUS: The author presents a method that reduces the difficulty of single-port laparoscopic surgery and a more practical technical solution for the use of surgical instruments during a difficult single-port laparoscopic surgery.

Dual-Function of Cation-Doping to Activate Cationic and Anionic Redox in a Mn-Based Sodium-Layered Oxide Cathode.

Recently, sodium-ion batteries have shown great potential for energy storage owing to their favorable electrochemical properties and intrinsic cost performance, which fuels the research and development of Mn-based layered oxides as promising sodium-ion cathodes. However, the undesirable structural evolution and oxygen redox impose great challenge on the cycling stability and rate capability of such cathodes. In this work, it is reported that Fe and Al can effectively tailor the Na2/3 Mn2/3 Fe1/6 Al1/6 O2 to trigger a stable cationic and anionic redox behavior. In situ X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the retention of a stable P2 phase upon cycling, and density functional theory results demonstrate that Al3+ doping can strengthen the covalency of MnO bond. The Na2/3 Mn2/3 Fe1/6 Al1/6 O2 cathode can retain 90% of its initial capacity within the voltage range of 2.0-4.2 V versus Na+ /Na at 200 mA g-1 after 100 cycles. Moreover, ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals that the specific capacity can be replenished by the synergistic reactions between Fe3+ /Fe4+ /Fe3+ and O2- /(O2 )n - pairs within the voltage range of 4.0-4.4 V versus Na+ /Na, which is also elucidated by theoretical calculation.

Uniform Na Metal Plating/Stripping Design for Highly Reversible Solid-State Na Metal Batteries at Room Temperature.

Solid-state alkaline metal batteries are highly sought out for their improved energy density and security over the current lithium-ion batteries. However, their practical application is heavily hindered by the interfacial issues originating from the solid electrolyte/electrode mismatch. This work demonstrates that a CuO coating layer as an active interphase can thoroughly promote the intimate contact between a Na3 Zr2 Si2 PO12 solid electrolyte and a Na metal anode through an in situ conversion reaction. The resultant Cu/Na2 O matrix forms a mixed electron/ion conducting scaffold, which facilitates stable and homogeneous Na metal plating without dendrite formation. Moreover, the symmetric Na metal cell realizes impressively steady plating/stripping cycles for 5000 h even under a high current density of 0.3 mA cm-2 . The novelty is further manifested as a room-temperature solid-state Na metal full battery of Na3 V1.5 Al0.5 (PO4 )3 |CuO@NZSPO|Na is assembled and exhibits a highly reversible cyclability (99.85% coulombic efficiency and 99.0% capacity retention) under a charge/discharge rate of 5 C for 2250 cycles. This work effectively solves the interfacial issues at the Na metal/solid electrolyte interface and provides a convenient way toward high-performance solid-state Na metal batteries operated at room temperature.

Solid-State Na Metal Batteries with Superior Cycling Stability Enabled by Ferroelectric Enhanced Na/Na3 Zr2 Si2 PO12 Interface.

Solid-state metal batteries are attracting unprecedented concern because of their high energy density and safety. However, their service life, especially at high specific density, is hindered by the undesirable reversibility of metal anodes, owing to the inhomogeneous ion distribution and awkward charge transfer dynamics at the electrode/electrolyte interface. In this work, it is well demonstrated that ferroelectric phase BaTiO3 reinforced Na3 Zr2 Si2 PO12 ceramic electrolyte can deconcentrate the distribution of charge transfer and self-accelerate Na+ migration at the Na/Na3 Zr2 Si2 PO12 interface upon cycling, realizing a compact Na deposition morphology together with a high critical current density (1.05 mA cm-2 at ambient conditions). Assembled symmetric cells based on the proposed composite electrolyte render stable cycling up to 1000 h at 0.3 mA cm-2 . Specifically, the all solid-state sodium metal batteries paired with Na3 V1.5 Cr0.5 (PO4 )3 cathode material can deliver a capacity of 95 mAh g-1 at 100 mA g-1 and maintain 84.4% of the initial capacity after 400 cycles. This excellent electrochemical performance clearly confirm the feasibility of the introduction of ferroelectric BaTiO3 to suppress the dendrite nucleation and Na propagation within ceramic electrolyte. This research offers new insight into the rational design of inorganic electrolyte, revealing dendrite-free and long-term all-solid-state sodium batteries.

2D rigorous coupled wave analysis with adaptive spatial resolution for a multilayer periodic structure.

We utilize the 2D modal solution of rigorous coupled wave analysis with adaptive spatial resolution to enhance the reliability of standard RCWA for multilayer gratings with metal-dielectric structures. The conversion relation in modal solutions between the Cartesian system and the transformed system is for the first time established. Based on the proposed conversion relation, the modal solution of the metal-dielectric structure obtained in the transformed system can match the boundary conditions with modal solutions of other different grating layers in the Cartesian system. Numerical results show that even for metal patches in microwave band, the above method can still achieve good convergence and is perfectly suitable for multi-layer structure calculation.

Rigorous coupled wave analysis upgraded with combined boundary conditions method for 2D metamaterials in microwave.

We combine rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) and combined boundary conditions method (CBCM) to analyze optical properties of two-dimensional periodic metamaterial grating with arbitrary shapes in microwave domain, and the adaptive spatial resolution (ASR) function is introduced to increase convergence especially for the crossed metamaterial gratings. The numerical results show that RCWA with CBCM can get the correct convergence result and distinguish the contribution of the grating lobes to the total transmission and reflection. The ASR technique improves dramatically the convergence speed of crossed grating. This method provides a more effective computational tool for the design of metamaterial grating in microwave domain.

Chronic exposure to polystyrene microplastics induced male reproductive toxicity and decreased testosterone levels via the LH-mediated LHR/cAMP/PKA/StAR pathway.

BACKGROUND: Microplastics (MPs), which are smaller in size and difficult to degrade, can be easily ingested by marine life and enter mammals through the food chain. Our previous study demonstrated that following acute exposure to MPs, the serum testosterone content reduced and sperm quality declined, resulting in male reproductive dysfunction in mice. However, the toxic effect of long-term exposure to MPs at environmental exposure levels on the reproductive system of mammals remains unclear. RESULTS: In vivo, mice were given drinking water containing 100 µg/L and 1000 µg/L polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) with particle sizes of 0.5 µm, 4 µm, and 10 µm for 180 consecutive days. We observed alterations in testicular morphology and reductions in testosterone, LH and FSH contents in serum. In addition, the viability of sperm was declined and the rate of sperm abnormality was increased following exposure to PS-MPs. The expression of steroidogenic enzymes and StAR was downregulated in testis tissues. In vitro, we used primary Leydig cells to explore the underlying mechanism of the decrease in testosterone induced by PS-MPs. First, we discovered that PS-MPs attached to and became internalized by Leydig cells. And then we found that the contents of testosterone in the supernatant declined. Meanwhile, LHR, steroidogenic enzymes and StAR were downregulated with concentration-dependent on PS-MPs. We also confirmed that PS-MPs decreased StAR expression by inhibiting activation of the AC/cAMP/PKA pathway. Moreover, the overexpression of LHR alleviated the reduction in StAR and steroidogenic enzymes levels, and finally alleviated the reduction in testosterone induced by PS-MPs. CONCLUSIONS: PS-MPs exposure resulted in alterations in testicular histology, abnormal spermatogenesis, and interference of serum hormone secretion in mice. PS-MPs induced a reduction in testosterone level through downregulation of the LH-mediated LHR/cAMP/PKA/StAR pathway. In summary, our study showed that chronic exposure to PS-MPs resulted in toxicity of male reproduction under environmental exposure levels, and these potential risks may ring alarm bells of public health.

Surface Potential Regulation Realizing Stable Sodium/Na3 Zr2 Si2 PO12 Interface for Room-Temperature Sodium Metal Batteries.

Inorganic Na3 Zr2 Si2 PO12 is prospective with a high ionic conductivity but suffers large interfacial resistance and stability issues against sodium metal, hindering its practical application in all-solid-state sodium batteries. A surface potential regulation strategy is adopted to address these issues. Na3 Zr2 Si2 PO12 (NZSP) ceramic with homogeneously-sintered surface is synthesized by a simple two-step sintering method to promote its uniform surface potential, which is favorable for mitigating the potential fluctuations at the interface against Na metal and enhancing interfacial compatibility. The Na/NZSP interface can be stabilized for over 4 months with a low interfacial resistance of 129 Ω cm2 at 25 °C. The symmetrical Na/NZSP/Na cell exhibits ultra-stable sodium platting/stripping cycling for over 1000 cycles under 0.1 mA cm-2 . Superior interfacial performance is well retained even under 0.2 mA cm-2 at room temperature. The robust interface is further signified by its excellence under higher current densities of up to 0.85 mA cm-2 at 60 °C. A 4 V all-solid-state Na3 V1.5 Cr0.5 (PO4 )3 /NZSP/Na metal battery is demonstrated at ambient conditions, which exhibits superior rate capability and delivers a high reversible capacity of 103 mA h g-1 under 100 mA g-1 for over 400 cycles with a Coulombic efficiency of over 99%.

Grain Boundary Design of Solid Electrolyte Actualizing Stable All-Solid-State Sodium Batteries.

Advanced inorganic solid electrolytes (SEs) are critical for all-solid-state alkaline metal batteries with high safety and high energy densities. A new interphase design to address the urgent interfacial stability issues against all-solid-state sodium metal batteries (ASSMBs) is proposed. The grain boundary phase of a Mg2+ -doped Na3 Zr2 Si2 PO12 conductor (denoted as NZSP-xMg) is manipulated to introduce a favorable Na3-2 δ Mgδ PO4 -dominant interphase which facilitates its intimate contact with Na metal and works as an electron barrier to suppress Na metal dendrite penetration into the electrolyte bulk. The optimal NZSP-0.2Mg electrolyte endows a low interfacial resistance of 93 Ω cm2 at room temperature, over 16 times smaller than that of Na3 Zr2 Si2 PO12 . The Na plating/stripping with small polarization is retained under 0.3 mA cm-2 for more than 290 days (7000 h), representing a record high cycling stability of SEs for ASSMBs. An all-solid-state NaCrO2 //Na battery is accordingly assembled manifesting a high capacity of 110 mA h g-1 at 1 C for 1755 cycles with almost no capacity decay. Excellent rate capability at 5 C is realized with a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.8%, signifying promising application in solid-state electrochemical energy storage systems.

Microcystin-leucine arginine induced the apoptosis of GnRH neurons by activating the endoplasmic reticulum stress resulting in a decrease of serum testosterone level in mice.

Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) is a kind of toxin produced by cyanobacterial, resulting in decrease of testosterone levels in serum and leading to impaired spermatogenesis. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons play crucial roles in the regulation of testosterone release. Meanwhile, it has been demonstrated that MC-LR is capable of entering the GnRH neurons and inducing apoptosis. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism of MC-LR induced apoptosis of GnRH neurons remains elusive. In present study, we found that MC-LR inhibited the cell viability of GT1-7 cells. In addition, we discovered apoptosis of GnRH neurons and GT1-7 cells treated with MC-LR. And increased intracellular ROS production and the release of intracellular Ca2+ were all observed following exposure to MC-LR. Furthermore, we also found the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERs) and autophagy were activated by MC-LR. Additionally, pretreatment of the ERs inhibitor (4-Phenyl butyric acid) reduced the apoptotic rate of GT1-7 cells comparing with MC-LR exposure alone. Comparing with MC-LR treatment alone, apoptotic cell death was increased by pretreatment of GT1-7 cells with an autophagy inhibitor (3-methyladenine). Together, our data implicated that the treatment of MC-LR induced the apoptosis of GnRH neurons by activating the ERs resulting in a decrease of serum testosterone level in mice. Autophagy is a protective cellular process which was activated by ER stress and thus protected cells from apoptosis upon MC-LR exposure.

Fast Li+ Conduction Mechanism and Interfacial Chemistry of a NASICON/Polymer Composite Electrolyte.

The unclear Li+ local environment and Li+ conduction mechanism in solid polymer electrolytes, especially in a ceramic/polymer composite electrolyte, hinder the design and development of a new composite electrolyte. Moreover, both the low room-temperature Li+ conductivity and large interfacial resistance with a metallic lithium anode of a polymer membrane limit its application below a relatively high temperature. Here we have identified the Li+ distribution and Li+ transport mechanism in a composite polymer electrolyte by investigating a new solid poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based NASICON-LiZr2(PO4)3 composite with 7Li relaxation time and 6Li → 7Li trace-exchange NMR measurements. The Li+ population of the two local environments in the composite electrolytes depends on the Li-salt concentration and the amount of ceramic filler. A composite electrolyte with a [EO]/[Li+] ratio n = 10 and 25 wt % LZP filler has a high Li+ conductivity of 1.2 × 10-4 S cm-1 at 30 °C and a low activation energy owing to the additional Li+ in the mobile A2 environment. Moreover, an in situ formed solid electrolyte interphase layer from the reaction between LiZr2(PO4)3 and a metallic lithium anode stabilized the Li/composite-electrolyte interface and reduced the interfacial resistance, which provided a symmetric Li/Li cell and all-solid-state Li/LiFePO4 and Li/LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cells a good cycling performance at 40 °C.

Maternal Exposure to Di-n-butyl Phthalate Promotes the Formation of Testicular Tight Junctions through Downregulation of NF-κB/COX-2/PGE2/MMP-2 in Mouse Offspring.

Previous studies demonstrated that maternal exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) resulted in developmental disorder of the male reproductive organ; however, the underlying mechanism has not been thoroughly elucidated to date. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of maternal exposure to DBP on the formation of the Sertoli cell (SC)-based tight junctions (TJs) in the testes of male offspring mice and the underlying molecular mechanism. By observing the pathological structure and ultrastructure, permeability analysis of the testis of 22 day male offspring in vivo, and transepithelial electrical resistance measurement of inter-SCs in vitro, we found that the formation of TJs between SCs in offspring mice was accelerated, which was paralleled by the accumulation of TJ protein occludin at 50 mg/kg/day DBP exposure in utero and 0.1 mM monobutyl phthalate (MBP, the active metabolite of DBP) in vitro. Our in vitro results demonstrated that 0.1 mM MBP downregulated the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) by inhibiting the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) cascades via attenuated binding of NF-κB to both the MMP-2 promoter and COX-2 promoter. Taken together, the data confirmed that maternal exposure to a relatively low dose of DBP promoted the formation of testicular TJs through downregulation of NF-κB/COX-2/PGE2/MMP-2, which might promote the development of the testis during puberty. Our findings may provide new perspectives for prenatal DBP exposure, which is a potential environmental contributor, leading to earlier puberty in male offspring mice.

Enhanced Surface Interactions Enable Fast Li+ Conduction in Oxide/Polymer Composite Electrolyte.

Li+ -conducting oxides are considered better ceramic fillers than Li+ -insulating oxides for improving Li+ conductivity in composite polymer electrolytes owing to their ability to conduct Li+ through the ceramic oxide as well as across the oxide/polymer interface. Here we use two Li+ -insulating oxides (fluorite Gd0.1 Ce0.9 O1.95 and perovskite La0.8 Sr0.2 Ga0.8 Mg0.2 O2.55 ) with a high concentration of oxygen vacancies to demonstrate two oxide/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based polymer composite electrolytes, each with a Li+ conductivity above 10-4  S cm-1 at 30 °C. Li solid-state NMR results show an increase in Li+ ions (>10 %) occupying the more mobile A2 environment in the composite electrolytes. This increase in A2-site occupancy originates from the strong interaction between the O2- of Li-salt anion and the surface oxygen vacancies of each oxide and contributes to the more facile Li+ transport. All-solid-state Li-metal cells with these composite electrolytes demonstrate a small interfacial resistance with good cycling performance at 35 °C.

The mechanism of Oatp1a5-mediated microcystin-leucine arginine entering into GnRH neurons.

Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) enters into gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons and induces decline of serum GnRH levels resulting in male reproductive toxicity via hypothalamic-pituitary-testis axis. The organic anion transporting polypeptide 1a5 (Oatp1a5) is a critical transporter for the uptake of MC-LR by GnRH neurons. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of the transport process are still elusive. In this study, we found that the transmembrane domains 2, 8, and 9 played important roles in transporting function of Oatp1a5. In addition, our data demonstrated that N-linked glycosylation was involved in the transport of MC-LR by Oatp1a5. Moreover, we showed that N-linked glycosylation sites Asn483 and Asn492 were vital for the transport function of Oatp1a5. In summary, the study furthered our understanding of mechanisms that the uptake of MC-LR by GnRH neurons and laid a theoretical foundation for preventing MC-LR from injuring male reproductive health.

Quantitative assessment of enterprise environmental risk mitigation in the context of Na-tech disasters.

As an important causative factor of environmental accidents, natural disasters have recently received much attention for environmental risk assessment. Typhoons are one of the most frequent natural disasters in the northern Pacific Ocean and South China Sea and cause enormous damage to agriculture, daily livelihood, and industry. In this study, an environmental risk assessment for industrial enterprises is conducted when considering typhoon disasters. First, a Na-tech (natural hazard triggering technological disasters) environmental risk assessment index system with the aid of an analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy evaluation model (ERA-FAM) is developed to explore the major determinants related to risk level. The impact of typhoon disasters on environmental risk from chemical enterprises is discussed using a comparative analysis of risk levels with and without typhoon disaster scenarios. A chemical plant located in Zhejiang, China, is selected as a case study using this methodology. Three hypothetical scenarios are assumed, based on actual situations, to explore the impact of various factors on environmental risk. The results demonstrate that production factors and surrounding environmental conditions are the most sensitive factors for typhoon disasters, while emergency preparation is most important for reducing environmental risk. The influence of typhoons on environmental risk values is much higher for enterprises with imperfect management and vulnerable water risk receptors. Incorporating disaster management into environmental risk management will aid in developing strategies and policies for environmental risk mitigation and risk reduction practices.