RESUMO
The risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) after liver transplantation was lower in patients with serum albumin levels ≥3.0 mg/dL during surgery. We tested whether intraoperative infusion of 20% albumin affects neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) level, a reliable indicator of AKI. We randomly assigned 134 patients undergoing liver transplantation into albumin group (n=70, 20% albumin 200 mL) and the control group (n=66, crystalloid solution 200 mL). The 2 study fluids were infused at 100 mL/h from the start of the anhepatic phase. The primary outcome was plasma NGAL level at 1 hour after graft reperfusion. Albumin level at the start of graft reperfusion was significantly greater in albumin group than in the control group [2.9 (2.4-3.3) g/dL vs. 2.3 (2.0-2.7) g/dL, p <0.001]. The NGAL level at 1 hour after graft reperfusion was not significantly different between the 2 groups [100.2 (66.7-138.8) ng/mL vs. 92.9 (70.8-120.6) ng/mL, p =0.46], and the AKI risk was not either (63.9% vs. 67.8%, adjusted p =0.73). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups regarding hospital readmission within 30 days/90 days after transplantation (32.6% vs. 41.5%, adjusted p =0.19 and 55.0% vs. 55.7%, adjusted p =0.87). Graft survival probability at 30 days/90 days/1 year after transplantation was 90.0%/84.3%/78.6% in albumin group and 97.0%/90.9%/89.4% in the control group [HR=1.6 (0.6-4.0), adjusted p =0.31]. In conclusion, intraoperative infusion of 20% albumin 200 mL increased the albumin level but failed to maintain serum albumin ≥3.0 mg/dL during surgery. The hypertonic albumin therapy did not significantly affect plasma NGAL level and clinical outcomes including AKI.
Assuntos
Injúria Renal Aguda , Transplante de Fígado , Humanos , Lipocalina-2 , Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Lipocalinas , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas , Proteínas de Fase Aguda , Biomarcadores , Injúria Renal Aguda/diagnóstico , Injúria Renal Aguda/etiologia , Albumina SéricaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Intrathecal morphine (ITM) injection is an effective postoperative analgesic strategy in open or laparoscopic donor hepatectomy; however, the optimal dose has not been determined. In this trial, we compared the post-operative analgesic effects of two doses (300 vs. 400 µg) of ITM injections. METHODS: In this prospective randomized non-inferiority trial, 56 donors were divided into either the 300 µg or 400 µg ITM group (n = 28, each). The primary outcome was the resting pain score at 24 h postoperatively. Pain scores, cumulative opioid consumption, and side effects (postoperative nausea and vomiting [PONV]) were compared up to 48 h postoperatively. RESULTS: Fifty-five donors participated in the entire study. The mean resting pain scores at 24 h after surgery were 1.7 ± 1.6 and 1.7 ± 1.1 in the ITM 300 and ITM 400 groups, respectively (mean difference, 0 [95% CI, -.8 to .7], p = .978). The upper limit of the 95% CI was lower than the prespecified non-inferiority margin (δ = 1), indicating that non-inferiority had been established. The incidence of PONV was lower in the ITM 300 group than in the ITM 400 group at 18 (p = .035) and 24 h postoperatively (p = .015). There were no significant differences in the resting and coughing pain scores and cumulative opioid consumption at any time point. CONCLUSION: For laparoscopic donor hepatectomy, preoperative ITM 300 µg exhibited non-inferior postoperative analgesic effects compared to ITM 400 µg, with a lower incidence of PONV.
Assuntos
Analgésicos Opioides , Morfina , Humanos , Morfina/uso terapêutico , Morfina/efeitos adversos , Hepatectomia , Estudos Prospectivos , Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatórios/induzido quimicamente , Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatórios/tratamento farmacológico , Dor Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Dor Pós-Operatória/induzido quimicamente , Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Injeções EspinhaisRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Transfusion of allogeneic blood products can have adverse effects and profoundly influence postoperative liver transplantation outcomes, including graft survival. To minimize allogeneic red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, salvaged blood can be used during liver transplantation. The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of salvaged blood to allogeneic RBC transfusion in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) recipients. METHODS: Data of 311 adult-to-adult LDLT recipients between January 2015 and April 2019 were analyzed. The primary outcome was a change in requirement for allogeneic RBCs due to the use of salvaged blood. Additionally, predictors of intraoperative allogeneic RBC transfusion were investigated. RESULTS: One hundred fifty-three (49.2%) recipients required allogeneic RBC transfusion. If recipients did not receive salvaged blood, 253 (81.4%) recipients would have needed allogeneic RBC transfusion. The total volume of salvaged blood transfused into recipients during surgery was 269,165 mL, which corresponded to 993 units of allogeneic RBCs and accounted for 76.1% of total RBC transfusion volume. Multivariate analysis showed that male recipients, model for end-stage liver disease score, preoperative hemoglobin level, and volume of salvaged blood used during surgery were independent predictors of the need for intraoperative allogenic RBC transfusion. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative use of salvaged blood significantly reduced allogeneic RBC transfusion in LDLT recipients. It can help transplant teams manage transfusion of allogeneic RBCs during liver transplantation.
Assuntos
Doença Hepática Terminal , Transplante de Fígado , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Transfusão de Eritrócitos/efeitos adversos , Doadores Vivos , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
Bile duct surgeries are conventionally considered to promote bacterial contamination of the surgical field. However, liver transplantation recipients' bile produced by the newly implanted liver graft from healthy living donors may be sterile. We tested bacterial contamination of autologous blood salvaged before and after bile duct anastomosis (BDA) during living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). In 29 patients undergoing LDLT, bacterial culture was performed for four blood samples and one bile sample: two from autologous blood salvaged before BDA (one was nonleukoreduced and another was leukoreduced), two from autologous blood salvaged after BDA (one was nonleukoreduced and another was leukoreduced), and one from bile produced in the newly implanted liver graft. The primary outcome was bacterial contamination. The risk of bacterial contamination was not significantly different between nonleukoreduced autologous blood salvaged before BDA and nonleukoreduced autologous blood salvaged after BDA (44.8% and 31.0%; odds ratio 0.33, 95% confidence interval 0.03-1.86; p = 0.228). No bacteria were found after leukoreduction in all 58 autologous blood samples. All bile samples were negative for bacteria. None of the 29 patients, including 13 patients who received salvaged autologous blood positive for bacteria, developed postoperative bacteremia. We found that bile from the newly implanted liver graft is sterile in LDLT and BDA does not increase the risk of bacterial contamination of salvaged blood, supporting the use of blood salvage during LDLT even after BDA. Leukoreduction converted all autologous blood samples positive for bacteria to negative. The clinical benefit of leukoreduction for salvaged autologous blood on post-LDLT bacteremia needs further research.
Assuntos
Bacteriemia , Transplante de Fígado , Anastomose Cirúrgica , Ductos Biliares/cirurgia , Humanos , Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Doadores Vivos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Erector spinae plane block (ESPB) has been reported to manage postoperative pain effectively after various types of surgery. However, there has been a lack of study on the effect of ESPB after liver resection. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the analgesic effects of ESPB on pain control after laparoscopic liver resection compared with conventional pain management. DESIGN: Prospective, randomised controlled study. SETTING: A single tertiary care centre from February 2019 to February 2020. PATIENTS: A total of 70 patients scheduled to undergo laparoscopic liver resection. INTERVENTIONS: In the control group (nâ=â35), no procedure was performed. In the ESPB group (nâ=â35), ESPB was performed after induction of general anaesthesia. A total of 40âml of ropivacaine 0.5% was injected at the T9 level bilaterally. After surgery, intravenous fentanyl patient-controlled analgesia was initiated. Fentanyl and hydromorphone were administered as rescue analgesics. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was the cumulative postoperative opioid consumption at 24âh (morphine equivalent). The secondary outcomes were rescue opioid (fentanyl) dose in the postanaesthesia care unit (PACU) and pain severity at 1, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72âh, assessed using a numerical rating scale (NRS) score. RESULTS: The median [IQR] postoperative opioid consumption during 24âhours following surgery was 48.2 [17.1]âmg in the control group and 45.5 [35.8]âmg in the ESPB group (median difference, 4.2âmg; 95% CI, -4.2 to 13.3âmg; Pâ=â0.259). Conversely, rescue opioid in PACU was 5.3 [5.0]âmg in the control group and 3.0 [1.5]âmg in the ESPB group (median difference, 2.5âmg; 95% CI, 1.0 to 5.0âmg; Pâ<â0.001). There was no significant difference in NRS scores point between the groups at any time. CONCLUSION: ESPB does not provide analgesic effect within 24âh after laparoscopic liver resection. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical Trial Registry of Korea (https://cris.nih.go.kr.), identifier: KCT0003549).
Assuntos
Laparoscopia , Bloqueio Nervoso , Analgesia Controlada pelo Paciente , Humanos , Fígado , Dor Pós-Operatória/diagnóstico , Dor Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Dor Pós-Operatória/prevenção & controle , Estudos Prospectivos , República da Coreia , Ultrassonografia de IntervençãoRESUMO
The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between postoperative hyperglycemia and CMV infection. We analyzed 741 CMV seropositive recipients, of livers from seropositive living donors, who underwent preemptive CMV treatment without CMV prophylaxis. The primary outcome was early CMV infection within 1 month after surgery. Hyperglycemia was defined when mean postoperative blood glucose concentration was >180 mg/dl based on previous research and guidelines. Survival analysis was performed using the Fine and Gray model by accounting for the competing risk of CMV infection-unrelated death. Of the 741 recipients (hyperglycemic group, n = 287; nonhyperglycemic group, n = 454), 372 (50.2%) recipients developed cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection within 1 month after surgery. CMV infection risk was significantly higher in hyperglycemic group than in nonhyperglycemic group in univariable analysis [hazard ratio (HR) 1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.08-1.66; P = 0.007] and in multivariable analysis (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.0-1.54; P = 0.038). CMV infection risk was also significantly associated with recipient age, graft ischemia time, model for end-stage liver disease score, and preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (P < 0.05). In conclusion, preventing postoperative hyperglycemia appears to be an important factor decreasing the risk of CMV infection in seropositive liver transplant recipients undergoing preemptive CMV treatment.
Assuntos
Infecções por Citomegalovirus , Doença Hepática Terminal , Hiperglicemia , Transplante de Fígado , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Citomegalovirus , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Hiperglicemia/complicações , Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , TransplantadosRESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of surgical pleth index (SPI) measured before arousal from general anaesthesia for prediction of immediate postoperative pain and postoperative opioid requirement during postoperative 48 h. After obtaining ethical approval and written informed consent, we enrolled 51 patients undergoing liver resection under isoflurane based general anaesthesia using laryngeal mask airway in this prospective observational study. Data relating to SPI values were recorded every 30 s for the last 3 min of surgery (bispectral index < 60 at all times). Postoperative pain intensity was assessed using a 0-10 numerical rating scale (NRS) every 10 min in the recovery room. The relationships between SPI with postoperative pain score and opioid requirement were analysed. A receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the performance of SPI to predict NRS ≥ 5. SPI value was significantly associated with the highest pain score in the recovery room (r = 0.63, p < 0.001). An SPI value of 60, which showed the highest sensitivity and specificity, was defined post hoc as the cut-off for moderate-severe pain (NRS ≥ 5). When compared the patients who showed SPI value over 60 or not, there was significant difference in the amount of fentanyl consumption during postoperative 48 h (1093 ± 406 µg vs. 766 ± 369 µg, p = 0.014; SPI ≥ 60 vs. SPI < 60). SPI measured before arousal after inhalation anaesthesia was associated with immediate postoperative pain and postoperative opioid consumption.
Assuntos
Analgesia/métodos , Analgésicos Opioides/uso terapêutico , Monitorização Fisiológica/métodos , Dor Pós-Operatória/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anestesia/métodos , Anestesia Geral , Animais , Pressão Sanguínea , Feminino , Fentanila , Frequência Cardíaca , Humanos , Hipnóticos e Sedativos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nociceptividade , Manejo da Dor/métodos , Medição da Dor , Período Pós-Operatório , Estudos Prospectivos , Curva ROC , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Sístole , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Donor safety and graft results of pure laparoscopic living donor right hepatectomy (LLDRH) have previously been compared with those of open living donor right hepatectomy (OLDRH). However, the clinical outcomes of recipients at 1-year follow-up have never been accurately compared. We aimed to compare 1-year outcomes of recipients of living donor right liver transplantation (LRLT) using pure LLDRH and OLDRH. From May 2013 to May 2017, 197 consecutive recipients underwent LRLT. Donor hepatectomies were performed either by OLDRH (n = 127) or pure LLDRH (n = 70). After propensity score matching, 53 recipients were included in each group for analysis. The clinical outcomes at 1-year follow-up were compared between the 2 groups. The primary outcome was recipient death or graft failure during the 1-year follow-up period. In the propensity-matched analysis, the incidence of death or graft failure during the 1-year follow-up period was not different between the 2 groups (3.8% versus 5.7%; odds ratio [OR], 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.24-8.95; P = 0.69). However, the composite of Clavien-Dindo 3b-5 complications was more frequent in the pure LLDRH group (OR, 2.62; 95% CI, 1.15-5.96; P = 0.02). In conclusion, although pure LLDRH affords a comparable incidence of fatal complications in recipients, operative complications may increase at the beginning of the program. The safety of the recipients should be confirmed to accept pure LLDRH as a feasible option.
Assuntos
Doença Hepática Terminal/cirurgia , Rejeição de Enxerto/epidemiologia , Hepatectomia/efeitos adversos , Laparoscopia/efeitos adversos , Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Coleta de Tecidos e Órgãos/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Doença Hepática Terminal/mortalidade , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Seguimentos , Rejeição de Enxerto/etiologia , Sobrevivência de Enxerto , Hepatectomia/métodos , Humanos , Incidência , Tempo de Internação , Transplante de Fígado/métodos , Doadores Vivos/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Duração da Cirurgia , Segurança do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Pontuação de Propensão , Estudos Retrospectivos , Coleta de Tecidos e Órgãos/métodos , Transplantados/estatística & dados numéricos , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Despite technical difficulties, right lobe liver grafting is preferred in living donor liver transplantation because of the graft size. Re-exploration after living donor right lobe liver transplantation (LRLT) has never been separately analyzed. We aimed to analyze the incidence, causes, outcomes, and risk factors of re-exploration after LRLT. We reviewed medical records of 1016 LRLT recipients from October 2003 to July 2017 and identified recipients who underwent re-exploration within hospital stay. Separate analyses were also performed according to cause of re-exploration. The overall incidence of re-exploration was 17.0% (173/1016). The most common cause of re-exploration was bleeding (50%). Overall re-exploration was associated with clinical outcome, but different results were shown on analyses according to cause of re-exploration. Risk factors of re-exploration were underlying hepatocellular carcinoma and operative duration [Odds ratio (OR), 1.49; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-2.12; P = 0.03, and OR, 1.002; 95% CI, 1.001-1.004; P = 0.0023, respectively]. Re-exploration after LRLT is relatively common, and is strongly associated with mortality and graft failure.
Assuntos
Doença Hepática Terminal/cirurgia , Transplante de Fígado/métodos , Fígado/patologia , Doadores Vivos , Adulto , Idoso , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/cirurgia , Feminino , Sobrevivência de Enxerto , Hemorragia/etiologia , Humanos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Incidência , Tempo de Internação , Fígado/cirurgia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Masculino , Prontuários Médicos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , Tamanho do Órgão , Reoperação/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between donor sex and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after living donor liver transplantation. BACKGROUND: HCC shows a male predominance in incidence and recurrence after tumor resection due to sex differences in hepatic sex hormone receptors. There have been no studies evaluating the importance of donor sex on post-transplant HCC recurrence. METHODS: Of 384 recipients of livers, from living donors, for HCC: 104/120 who received grafts from female donors were matched with 246/264 who received grafts from male donors using propensity score matching, with an unfixed matching ratio based on factors like tumor biology. Survival analysis was performed with death as a competing risk event. The primary outcome was overall HCC recurrence. RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 39 months. Before matching, recurrence probability at 1/2/5 years after transplantation was 6.1/9.7/12.7% in recipients with female donors and 11.7/19.2/25.3% in recipients with male donors. Recurrence risk was significantly higher with male donors in univariable analysis (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.04 [1.15-3.60], P = 0.014) and multivariable analysis (HR=2.10 [1.20-3.67], P = 0.018). In the matched analysis, recurrence risk was also higher with male donors (HR=1.92 [1.05-3.52], P = 0.034): both in intrahepatic recurrence (HR=1.92 [1.05-3.51], P = 0.034) and extrahepatic recurrence (HR=1.93 [1.05-3.52], P = 0.033). Multivariable analysis confirmed the significance of donor sex (HR=2.08 [1.11-3.91], P = 0.023). Interestingly, the significance was lost when donor age was >40 years. Two external cohorts validated the significance of donor sex. CONCLUSIONS: Donor sex appears to be an important graft factor modulating HCC recurrence after living donor liver transplantation.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/cirurgia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Transplante de Fígado , Doadores Vivos , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pontuação de Propensão , Risco , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Análise de Sobrevida , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between fresh red blood cell (RBC) transfusion and recipient survival after liver transplantation. BACKGROUND: Fresh RBC products contain many viable leukocytes. Allogeneic leukocytes are responsible for adverse transfusion reactions in the immunocompromised host. METHODS: Among 343 liver transplant recipients who underwent perioperative RBC transfusion, 91 of 226 who did not receive fresh RBCs were matched with 91 of 117 who received fresh RBCs with 1:1 matching ratio using the propensity score based on the amount of transfused blood products and others. Survival analysis was performed using the Cox model. RESULTS: All transfused 3230 RBCs were leukoreduced and irradiated. Before matching, recipients in fresh RBC group received 3 U (2-6 U) of fresh RBCs. After a median follow-up of 60 months, 60 of 343 recipients (17.5%) died. Survival probability at 1/2/5 years after transplantation was 94.7%/92.0%/85.8% for nonfresh RBC group and 82.9%/76.0%/72.0% for fresh RBC group [death hazard ratio (HR) = 2.37 (1.43-3.94), P = 0.001]. In multivariable analysis, fresh RBC transfusion was significantly associated with increased death risk [HR = 2.33 (1.35-4.01), P = 0.002]. After matching, recipients in fresh RBC group received 3 U (2-5 U) of fresh RBCs. After a median follow-up of 56 months, 35 of 182 recipients (19.2%) died. Survival probability at 1/2/5 years was 95.6%/93.2%/86.0% for nonfresh RBC group and 85.7%/78.0%/73.0% for fresh RBC group [HR = 2.23 (1.43-3.94), P = 0.028]. Multivariable analysis confirmed a significance of fresh RBC transfusion [HR = 3.20 (1.51-6.78), P = 0.002]. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest a potential negative impact of fresh RBC transfusion on the survival of patients undergoing liver transplantation.
Assuntos
Transfusão de Eritrócitos/efeitos adversos , Transplante de Fígado/mortalidade , Assistência Perioperatória/efeitos adversos , Reação Transfusional/mortalidade , Adulto , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Doadores Vivos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pontuação de Propensão , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Platelets interact with tumor cells and promote metastasis. The importance of platelets in posttransplant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence is unclear. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the association between preoperative platelet count (PLT) and HCC recurrence after living donor liver transplantation. Of 359 recipients of livers from living donors for HCC, 209 of 240 patients who had preoperative PLT ≤75 × 109 /L were matched with 97 of 119 patients who had preoperative PLT >75 × 109 /L using propensity score matching, with an unfixed matching ratio based on factors such as tumor biology. The cutoff value of 75 × 109 /L was set based on optimum stratification analysis. Survival analysis was performed with death as a competing risk event. The primary outcome was overall HCC recurrence. The median follow-up time was 59 months. Before matching, recurrence probability at 1, 2, and 5 years after transplantation was 4.7%, 9.2%, and 11.3% for the low platelet group and 14.5%, 23.0%, and 30.5% for the high platelet group. Recurrence risk was significantly greater in the high platelet group in both univariate (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.86-5.14; P < 0.001) and multivariate analyses (HR = 2.10; 95% CI, 1.23-3.60; P = 0.007). In the matched analysis, recurrence risk was also greater in the high platelet group in both univariate (HR = 2.33; 95% CI, 1.36-4.01; P = 0.002) and multivariate analyses (HR = 1.90; 95% CI, 1.02-3.54; P = 0.04). Preoperative PLT had no interaction with the Milan criteria, alpha-fetoprotein level, Edmonson grade, microvascular invasion, or intrahepatic metastasis. Incorporation of preoperative PLT into the Milan criteria significantly improved predictive power. Inflammation-based scores including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and the inflammation-based index did not show superiority to preoperative PLT in predicting HCC recurrence. In conclusion, preoperative PLT appears to be an important host factor affecting HCC recurrence after living donor liver transplantation. Liver Transplantation 24 44-55 2018 AASLD.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/cirurgia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/epidemiologia , Contagem de Plaquetas , Adulto , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/sangue , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/epidemiologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Neoplasias Hepáticas/sangue , Neoplasias Hepáticas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Transplante de Fígado/métodos , Doadores Vivos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/sangue , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Período Pré-Operatório , Pontuação de Propensão , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
We aimed to evaluate the association between intraoperative pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and clinical outcome of liver transplantation (LT). Cardiovascular involvement of end-stage liver disease is relatively common, and hemodynamic instability during LT can be fatal to recipients. However, the clinical impact of intraoperative PVR in LT remains undetermined. A total of 363 adult recipients with intraoperative right heart catheterization from January 2011 to May 2016 were analyzed. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to PVR. Two separate analyses were performed according to the time point of measurement: at the beginning and at the end of LT. The primary outcome was all-cause death or graft failure during the follow-up period. Increased PVR was observed in 11.8% (43/363) of recipients at the beginning and 12.7% (46/363) of recipients at the end of LT. PVR at the beginning of LT had no significant effect on the rate of death or graft failure in the multivariate analysis (hazard ratio [HR], 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.64-2.38; P = 0.52). In contrast, PVR at the end of LT was significantly associated with death or graft failure during the overall follow-up period (HR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.13-3.54; P = 0.02). In conclusion, PVR at the end of LT, rather than the beginning, is associated with clinical outcome. Larger trials are needed to support this finding.
Assuntos
Doença Hepática Terminal/cirurgia , Rejeição de Enxerto/diagnóstico , Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Resistência Vascular , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Doença Hepática Terminal/mortalidade , Feminino , Seguimentos , Rejeição de Enxerto/epidemiologia , Sobrevivência de Enxerto , Humanos , Período Intraoperatório , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Prognóstico , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The characteristics of red blood cell (RBC) products change after 2 weeks of cold storage. It is unclear whether older RBCs affect mortality after liver transplantation. This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the association between the age of transfused RBCs and death after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Of 200 recipients who underwent LDLT, 118 who received RBCs with a mean storage duration of less than 10 days (shorter storage group) were compared with 82 with an RBC mean storage duration of more than 14 days (longer storage group). Key exclusion criteria were transfusion of very fresh RBCs stored for less than 4 days and transfusion of old RBCs in recipients of the shorter storage group. The primary outcome was posttransplant overall death. Survival analysis was performed using the Cox model. RESULTS: Mean RBC storage duration was 7 days in the shorter storage group and 17 days in the longer storage group. Death probability at 1, 2, and 5 years posttransplant was 5.1%, 7.6%, and 13.6% in the shorter storage group, respectively, and 6.1%, 8.5%, and 13.5% in the longer storage group. Death risk was comparable between the two groups in univariable (hazard ratio [HR] 1.00, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.47-2.16, p = 0.991) and multivariable (HR 1.07, 95% CI, 0.46-2.50, p = 0.882) analyses. Graft failure risk was also comparable (HR 1.04, 95% CI, 0.50-2.18, p = 0.916). Hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence probability at 1, 2, and 5 years was 10.8%, 15.4%, and 23.1%, respectively, in the shorter storage group and 11.4%, 15.9%, and 20.7% in the longer storage group (HR 0.84, 95% CI, 0.37-1.89, p = 0.670). No significant differences were observed regarding graft regeneration/function, vascular/biliary complications, acute kidney injury, surgical site infection, or rejection (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: No evidence was found that transfusion of old RBCs contributes to death after LDLT.
Assuntos
Eritrócitos/citologia , Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Preservação de Sangue/efeitos adversos , Contagem de Eritrócitos , Humanos , Masculino , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Estudos Retrospectivos , Análise de SobrevidaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Recent advances in technology and accumulation of surgical experience have expanded the indications for laparoscopic liver resection (LLR). However, compared to open liver resection (OLR), the feasibility of laparoscopic anatomical liver resection for centrally located tumor (CLT) has not been clearly established. The aim of our study was to assess the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic anatomical major liver resection for CLT. METHODS: From April 2011 to March 2016, 20 cases of anatomical LLR and 86 cases of OLR for CLTs such as central hepatectomy (CH) and right anterior sectionectomy (RAS) were performed at a single institution. We performed one-to-one propensity score matching and analyzed short-term outcomes between the LLR (n = 20) and OLR (n = 20) groups. RESULTS: Among 20 cases in the LLR group, two cases underwent open conversion due to common bile duct injury and anatomical distortion, respectively. There were no statistically significant difference between the LLR and OLR groups regarding clamping time of the Pringle maneuver (p = 0.502), blood loss (p = 0.746), surgical margin (p = 0.198), or length of hospital stay (p = 0.110). However, surgical time was significantly longer in the LLR group than in the OLR group (388 vs 268 min; p < 0.001). There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to morbidity rate or mean comprehensive complication index (p = 0.716 and p = 0.819, respectively). CONCLUSION: Total anatomical LLR can be performed safely in selected CLT patients by experienced surgeons. Laparoscopic CH or RAS appears feasible with non-inferior perioperative outcomes compared to OLR.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/cirurgia , Hepatectomia/métodos , Laparoscopia/métodos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Hepatectomia/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Laparoscopia/efeitos adversos , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Duração da Cirurgia , Pontuação de Propensão , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Previous laboratory and clinical data have shown evidence for the concept of rebalanced hemostasis in liver disease. We evaluate whether this concept of rebalanced hemostasis can be applied in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Twenty patients with ITP (platelet count < 100 × 10(9) /l) who visited our hospital were enrolled. We measured the von Willebrand factor (vWF) antigen levels and performed native blood thromboelastography (TEG) to evaluate the hemostasis. As a subgroup analysis, we compared patients with elevated vWF levels with those with normal levels. Bleeding symptoms of the patients were followed up for 6 months. The mean (SD [IQR]) platelet count was 44.23 × 10(9) /l (25.78 [27.00-60.50]). The following TEG parameters were within the normal range in most patients (number of patients with a normal value): clotting time (17), clot formation time (17), α-angle (15), maximum clot formation (10), and maximum lysis (12). The mean (SD) vWF antigen level (%) was 163% (80). There were eight patients (40%) with elevated vWF antigen levels [218% (104) vs. 126% (19), p = 0.007, elevated vs. normal patients, respectively]. Those with elevated vWF antigen levels were older [58 year (10) vs. 40 year (13), p = 0.004] and had a longer disease status [67 months (39) vs. 33 months (25), p = 0.028]. Although the platelet count was not different, the CFT was shorter [287 (104) vs. 561 (291), p = 0.042] and the α-angle was larger [49 (6) vs. 34 (15), p = 0.033] in those with elevated vWF antigen levels. There were no patients with major bleeding events during the follow-up period. Four patients showed minor bleeding events (n = 1 vs. n = 3, elevated vs. normal patients, respectively). We found that the vWF antigen level was elevated and the TEG profiles were better in older ITP patients with longer disease statuses. Patients with ITP appeared to achieve a rebalance hemostasis through an elevation of their plasma vWF antigen levels and hemostatic changes that promote thrombosis. Measuring the vWF antigen levels and performing TEG analysis can help determine the treatment strategy in ITP patients.
Assuntos
Hemostasia , Púrpura Trombocitopênica Idiopática/sangue , Adulto , Idoso , Coagulação Sanguínea , Testes de Coagulação Sanguínea , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Contagem de Plaquetas , Estudos Prospectivos , Púrpura Trombocitopênica Idiopática/diagnóstico , Púrpura Trombocitopênica Idiopática/terapia , Fatores de Risco , Fator de von WillebrandRESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of remote ischemic postconditioning (RIPostC) on graft function and acute kidney injury (AKI) after living donor liver transplantation (LT). Recipients undergoing elective living donor LT were randomly assigned to either the RIPostC group or the control group. Immediately after reperfusion, 4 cycles of ischemia and reperfusion lasting for 5 minutes each were performed on 1 upper limb in the RIPostC group. Graft function was assessed through evaluations of the serum levels of total bilirubin and liver enzymes and the prothrombin time for 28 days after surgery. The incidence of AKI, as defined by the Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End-Stage Kidney Disease classification, was evaluated within 28 days of the operation. In addition, the incidences of graft dysfunction, acute cellular rejection, and major complications; the 1-, 3-, and 6-month mortality rates; the length of stay in the intensive care unit; and the length of hospital stay were also investigated. In all, 78 patients were enrolled in the analysis (n = 39 in each group). No differences in graft function or clinical outcomes were observed between the groups. The incidences of postoperative AKI were 38% (n = 15) in the RIPostC group and 72% (n = 28) in the control group (P = 0.006). Despite no improvements in postoperative graft function, RIPostC decreased the incidence of postoperative AKI after living donor LT in this study. However, no other clinical benefits with respect to the complication rate, length of hospital stay, or short-term mortality rate were observed. Thus, further studies will be needed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of RIPostC in LT fully.
Assuntos
Injúria Renal Aguda/prevenção & controle , Pós-Condicionamento Isquêmico , Transplante de Fígado , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Adulto , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Testes de Função Hepática , Doadores Vivos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The presence of bile duct tumor thrombi (BDTT) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in explant liver is considered to be a poor prognostic factor. However, studies about HCC BDTT in liver transplant recipients are rare. We compared the characteristics of liver transplant recipients with HCC BDTT in their pathology with those of recipients who had portal vein tumor thrombi (PVTT) of HCC in their pathology. METHODOLOGY: The medical records of patients who underwent liver transplantation from 2002 to 2008 at Samsung Medical Center were reviewed. HCC recurrence was considered as an end-point. RESULTS: Eight patients were identified as having HCC BDTT in explant liver. The disease-free survival rates at 1-year and 5-year were 37.5% and 25.0%, respectively. Patients whose HCC did not recur had lower alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels than others (P=0.046). Patients with HCC BDTT were compared with recipients who had PVTT in their pathology, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P=0.750). CONCLUSIONS: HCC BDTT of explant liver has been considered to be a poor prognostic factor, like PVTT of HCC. However, we found that patients with low AFP levels before transplantation could be expected to have a longer disease-free survival.