Biomarkers of systemic inflammation in pathogenesis of syntropic occupational bronchial asthma and metabolic syndrome.

In search of inflammatory molecular markers helpful in detection of increased risk and prognosis of severity of syntropic occupational bronchial asthma and metabolic syndrome, the authors conducted a study covering 140 examinees with confirmed occupational bronchial asthma. According to IDF criteria (2005), the patients were assigned into a group with combined occupational bronchial asthma and metabolic syndrome, and a group of occupational bronchial asthma without metabolic syndrome. All the examinees underwent studies of inflammation markers - biochemical (C-reactive protein, leptine) and molecular-genetic ( polymorphism of Gln223Arg gene of leptine receptor (LEPR), polymorphism of C174G gene of interleukin-6 (IL-6), polymorphism of G308A gene of (TNF-a) tumor necrosis factor alpha). Evidences are that the patients with combined bronchial asthma and metabolic syndrome demonstrate higher activity of inflammatory processes (higher level of C-reactive protein, leptine) - that manifests in clinically more severe course of bronchopulmonary disease. Moleculary-genetic markers revealed are associated with higher activity of inflammation and therefore with increased risk of occupational bronchial asthma associated with metabolic syndrome and diabetess mellitus 2 type (polymorphisms of LEPR gene, IL-6 gene).

Role of Interleukin-4, Interleukin-10, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Polymorphic Genes in the Pathogenesis of Occupational Allergic Dermatoses.

Study of polymorphic genes of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α) in patients with occupational allergic dermatoses showed significantly higher frequency of polymorphic variants of cytokine genes IL4 C589T, IL10 C819T, IL10 G1082A, IL10 C592A, and TNF G308A in comparison with the population control. The presence of homozygous variant IL10 G1082A--AA in 80% cases characterizes early disease development, i.e. within 3 years after the first exposure to the occupational factor.

[Evaluating diagnostic efficiency of vascular wall diseases via sphygmomanometry method].

The article covers study of 100 patients, supporting diagnostic efficiency of vascular wall pathology via sphygmomanometry in various age groups with various diseases.

[Topical aspects of contemporary forms of occupational bronchial asthma].

Occupational bronchial asthma is a variable, heterogenious disease. Occupational factors are triggers and inductors of the pathologic process, cause formation of various clinical phenotypes of asthma, on background of genetic predisposition, changed metabolic adaptation, energetic systems, neuro-humoral regulation, immune state.

[Protecting health of workers and predictive preventive personified medicine].

Industrial medicine is an integrated sphere of preventive medicine, aimed to regulate health of workers and concerned with scentific basis and practical application of means and methods to preserve and improve workers' health. The article covers major research trends in workers' health preservation, results of fundamental studies on pathogenetic mechanisms and developmental patterns of contemporary occupational and industrial pathologies, prospects of predictive personified trend development and its application in industrial medicine.

[Role of laboratory tests in the early diagnosis of metabolic disorders in workers engaged in petrochemical production].

Studies of metabolic processes in petrochemical production workers revealed activation of lipid peroxidation, depressed antioxidant system, altered intracellular metabolism, high prevalence of dyslipidemia and increased serum enzymes levels. The metabolic changes of cellular and subcellular levels were seen in asymptomatic individuals--that supports value of laboratory tests in diagnosis of pathologic processes in petrochemical production workers.

[Information value of lipid peroxidation parameters in patients with occupational allergic dermatoses].

Evaluation of lipid peroxidation in patients with occupational allergic dermatoses revealed activation of free radical oxidation. Serum levels of diene conjugates and end products of free radical lipid peroxidation appeared to be informative parameters for assessing influences on body system and for estimating the disease severity and the individual protective means efficiency.

[Polymorphism of genes of the system of biotransformation of xenobiotics in patients with occupational allergic dermatoses].

Evaluation of genes polymorphic system of xenobiotics biotransformation in patients with occupational allergodermatoses showed significantly higher percentage of incidence of polymorphic variants of genes CYP 1A1 *2C and EPHX1 AND-415G compared with population control. A combination of 3 or more adverse hetero--and homozygous gene alleles CYP 1A1, CYP3A4, EPHX1 and deletions of genes GSTM1 and GSTT1, is characterized by earlier (with the experience of work in harmful conditions up to 5 years) development, severe and unfavorable prognosis of occupational pathology of the skin.

[Contemporary aspects of maintenance and promotion of health of the workers employed at the aluminum production enterprises].

The exposure of the combined occupational hazards on the workers of aluminum plants results in the development of the occupational chronic diseases of bronchopulmonary and bone systems and oncopathology. Pathogenetic mechanisms of the toxic exposure of fluorides on the body as well as molecular and cellular structures are presented.

[Role of polymorphous genes of xenobiotic biotransformation system in pathogenesis of occupational allergic dermatoses].

Studying genetic polymorphism of xenogiotics biotransformation system genes in patients with occupational allergic dermatoses, the authors revealed reliably higher percentage of polymorphous variants of CYP 1A1 *2C and EPHX1 A-415G genes, if compared with reference population. Combination of 3 polymorphous variants of xenobiotics biotransformation system genes (CYP 1A1, CYP3A4, EPHX1, GSTM1 and GSTT1) is characterized by earlier development, severe course and unfavorable prognosis of occupational skin condition.

[Molecular genetic studies in occupational medicine].

DNA diagnostic techniques aimed at elaborating informative criteria for assessment of the risk for occupational, occupationally induced diseases are extensively used to study the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of occupational diseases in labor medicine. Patients with different forms of occupational bronchopulmonary diseases have been found to have matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) gene mutations. In some individuals, a combination of polymorphic variants of MMP-1 and alpha1-proteinase inhibitor genes is characterized by the presence of clinical complications and the concurrence of bronchopulmonary and skin diseases. GSTM1 gene mutation is noted for the earlier onset (up to 5 years), severity, and poor prognosis of allergic dermatoses.

[Evaluation of matrix metalloproteinases (pro-MMP-1, MMP-2,8) and their inhibitor (TIMP-1) contents in patients with occupational lung diseases].

Studies of matrix metalloproteinases in patients with occupational bronchopulmonary diseases and in individuals exposed to asbestos dust revealed hyperactivated protease system--lower level of MMP-1 proenzyme and increased production of TIMP-1 (metalloproteinases inhibitor)--in all the examinees groups. Patients with pneumoconiosis and occupational dust bronchitis demonstrated increased neutrophilic elastase that is activator of metalloproteinases inducing sclerotic changes and pulmonary fibrosis.

[New approaches to treatment of occupational bronchial asthma].

Clinical and biochemical studies considering pathogenetic mechanisms of bronchial asthma supported efficiency of "Singular" preparation and its promising quality for complex therapy of bronchial asthma.

[Features of overexertion formation due to high psychoemotional strain and shift work].

Physiologic studies proved that considerable psychoemotional load in shift work and longer working shifts lead to the certain functional state called overexertion. The authors are first to set biochemical and physiologic characteristics by main parameters for this state in mental workers. According to the authors, physiologic features of overexertion should be evaluated from the viewpoint of coordinated diurnal rhythms, internal and intersystem communications in central nervous and cardiovascular systems, functional levels.

[Pathomorphosis of contemporary forms of occupational diseases].

Studies on pathogenetic mechanisms of development, formation and course of occupational diseases revealed pathomorphosis of major specification forms (diseases of bronchopulmonary system, skin, nervous system, locomotory apparatus). Developing pathomorphosis of occupational and occupationally mediated diseases is caused by changed work conditions, lower acting concentrations and levels of occupational factors, influence of harmful ecologic factors, metabolic features, immune state, individual sensitivity to occupational and environmental factors.

[DNA damages in patients having occupational allergic dermatoses].

Studies of DNA damage processes identified high percentage of antibodies to single- and double-stranded DNA in patients having occupational allergic dermatoses,demonstrated successive increase of antibodies to single- and double-stranded DNA and to nucleosoma with longer length of service.

[The condition of the proteinase-antiproteinase system in patients with type II diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and type II diabetes are major worldwide health problems. Proteinase-antiproteinase system (PAS) disbalance is known to play a significant role in COPD pathogenesis. There is increasing evidence concerning proteolysis activation as a factor of vascular complications. The subjects of this study were 130 individuals aged 39 to 68 years, divided into three groups. Group I consisted of 25 patients with type II diabetes, group 2--32 patients with type II diabetes and COPD, group 3--33 COPD patients, and group 4--40 apparently healthy people. Investigation of the PAS in these subjects demonstrated an important role of the condition of PAS in the development of COPD and type II diabetes, and a possible role of a hyposecretory mutation of alpha1-proteinase inhibitor gene as a risk factor of both bronchopulmonary and endocrine pathology.

[Contribution of occupational factors into development of atherogenic dislipoproteinemia in coal miners].

Studies covered structure and frequency of dislipoproteinemia in coal miners,the authors demonstrated correlation of etiologic factors and role of occupational factor in atherogenic dislipoproteinemia development. SCORE system helped to assess individual overall risk of fatal cardiovascular diseases development in miners.

["Oxidants--antioxidants" system and DNA damage in patients with occupational allergic dermatoses].

Studying "oxidants-antioxidants" system in patients with occupational allergic dermatoses revealed hyperactive free radical oxidation and depressed antioxidant defence (especially nonenzymatic unit). Finding is high share of antibodies to single- and double-stranded DNA in patients with occupational allergic dermatoses.

[State of protease inhibitor system in patients with occupational bronchial asthma caused by nonferrous metal aerosols].

The article represents results of studies concerning biochemical features of inflammation in various types of bronchial asthma caused by nonferrous metal aerosols. Also parameters of "proteolysis--antiproteolysis" system were studied on molecular genetic and biochemical levels, with determining serine proteinase, level of protease alpha-1 inhibitor and its hyposecretory deficit variants, levels of individual proteins.