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The assimilation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) by pathogenic bacteria poses a severe threat to public health. Here, we reported a dual-reaction-site-modified CoSA/Ti3C2Tx (single cobalt atoms immobilized on Ti3C2Tx MXene) for effectively deactivating extracellular ARGs via peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. The enhanced removal of ARGs was attributed to the synergistic effect of adsorption (Ti sites) and degradation (Co-O3 sites). The Ti sites on CoSA/Ti3C2Tx nanosheets bound with PO43- on the phosphate skeletons of ARGs via Ti-O-P coordination interactions, achieving excellent adsorption capacity (10.21 × 1010 copies mg-1) for tetA, and the Co-O3 sites activated PMS into surface-bond hydroxyl radicals (â¢OHsurface), which can quickly attack the backbones and bases of the adsorbed ARGs, resulting in the efficient in situ degradation of ARGs into inactive small molecular organics and NO3. This dual-reaction-site Fenton-like system exhibited ultrahigh extracellular ARG degradation rate (k > 0.9 min-1) and showed the potential for practical wastewater treatment in a membrane filtration process, which provided insights for extracellular ARG removal via catalysts design.
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Antibacterianos , Genes Bacterianos , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Cobalto , Titânio/farmacologia , Adsorção , Águas Residuárias , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos/genéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer has been a worldwide health burden for women and its progression is highly hypoxia-independent. Here, we investigated the exact mechanisms by which hypoxia contributes to the malignant progression of ovarian cancer. METHOD: MTT, transwell, colony formation, and scratch wound healing assays were carried out for cellular functions. The underlying mechanism by which hypoxia functions was explored by RNA-seq, enrichment analysis, western blotting, qRT-PCR, flow cytometry, ChIP, luciferase reporter, and ELISA. Finally, animal experiments including the xenograft model and tumor metastasis model were constructed to validate the role of SLC2A12 in vivo. RESULTS: Hypoxia treatment promoted the cell proliferation, mobility, and colony growth abilities of the two ovarian cancer cell lines HO-8910 and A2780. RNA-seq and enrichment analysis showed that SLC2A12 was hyper-expressed under hypoxia condition and it may be related to glutathione and lipid metabolism. Besides, the expression of SLC2A12 was negatively correlated with overall survival. Hypoxia suppressed ferroptosis by SLC2A12 because silencing SLC2A12 declined the cell viability of HO-8910 and A2780 cells under hypoxia conditions, while the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) breached that result and upregulated the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Moreover, hypoxia increased the expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1 A (HIF-1A), and the accumulated HIF-1A binds to hypoxia inducible factor 1 B (HIF1B) to form HIF-1 complex, then promoted the binding of hypoxic response elements (HRE) to SLC2A12 promoter by HIF-1/HRE signal. Subsequently, SLC2A12 regulated glutathione metabolism and in turn inhibited ferroptosis. The animal experiments indicated that silencing SLC2A12 could significantly inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. CONCLUSION: Hypoxia promoted ovarian cancer progression by upregulating SLC2A12 and then regulating glutathione metabolism to inhibit ferroptosis.
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Ferroptose , Proteínas Facilitadoras de Transporte de Glucose , Neoplasias Ovarianas , Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Ferroptose/genética , Glutationa , Hipóxia , Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/genética , Neoplasias Ovarianas/patologia , Proteínas Facilitadoras de Transporte de Glucose/genética , Proteínas Facilitadoras de Transporte de Glucose/metabolismoRESUMO
The meta-analysis aims to evaluate and compare the sternal wound infections following internal mammary artery grafts for a coronary bypass. Examinations comparing bilateral internal mammary artery to single internal mammary artery for coronary artery bypass grafting were among the meta-analyses from various languages that met the inclusion criteria. Using dichotomous random- or fixed-effect models, the results of these investigations were examined, and the Odd Ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was computed. A total of 31 examinations from 2001 to 2023 were recruited for the current analysis including 181 503 personals with coronary artery bypass grafting. Bilateral internal mammary artery had significantly higher sternal wound infection (OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.37-1.68, p < 0.001), superficial sternal wound infection (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.16-2.56, p = 0.007), deep sternal wound infection (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.41-1.86, p < 0.001), sternal wound infection in diabetics (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.16-1.90, p = 0.002), sternal wound infection in elderly (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.22-1.57, p < 0.001), sternal wound infection in pedicled preparation (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.30-2.23, p < 0.001) and sternal wound infection in skeletonized preparation (OR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.09-1.81, p = 0.009) compared to single internal mammary artery in personals with coronary artery bypass grafting. Bilateral internal mammary artery grafting is linked to a higher risk of impaired wound healing, particularly in diabetic individuals, elderly, pedicled preparation, and skeletonized preparation. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised while interacting with its values since examinations were performed by different surgeons with different skills on different types of personals.
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Diabetes Mellitus , Artéria Torácica Interna , Humanos , Idoso , Artéria Torácica Interna/transplante , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/etiologia , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/efeitos adversos , Esterno/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) mediated radical and nonradical active substances can synergistically achieve the efficient elimination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, enhancing interface electron cycling and optimizing the coupling of the oxygen-containing intermediates to improve PMS activation kinetics remains a major challenge. Here, Co doped CeVO4 catalyst (Co-CVO) with asymmetric sites was constructed based on Ceâ 4f-Oâ 2p-Coâ 3d gradient orbital coupling. The catalyst achieved approximately 2.51×105 copies/mL of extracellular ARGs (eARGs) removal within 15â minutes, exhibited ultrahigh degradation rate (k=1.24â min-1 ). The effective gradient 4f-2p-3d orbital coupling precisely regulates the electron distribution of Ce-O-Co active center microenvironment, while optimizing the electronic structure of Coâ 3d states (especially the occupancy of eg ), promoting the adsorption of oxygen-containing intermediates. The generated radical and nonradical generated by interfacial electron cycling enhanced by the reduction reaction of PMS at the Ce site and the oxidation reaction at the Co site achieved a significant mineralization rate of ARGs (83.4 %). The efficient removal of ARGs by a continuous flow reactor for 10â hours significantly reduces the ecological risk of ARGs in actual wastewater treatment.
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Antibacterianos , Peróxidos , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Peróxidos/química , Oxirredução , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , OxigênioRESUMO
Phyllosphere microbiomes play an essential role in maintaining host health and productivity. Still, the diversity patterns and the drivers for the phyllosphere microbial community of the tropical cash crop Rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) - are poorly understood. We sampled the phyllosphere of field-grown rubber trees in South China. We examined the phyllosphere bacterial and fungal composition, diversity and main drivers of these microbes using the Illumina® sequencing and assembly. Fungal communities were distinctly different in different climatic regions (i.e. Xishuangbanna and Hainan Island) and climatic factors, especially mean annual temperature, and they were the main driving factors of foliar fungal communities, indicating fungal communities showed a geographical pattern. Significant differences of phyllosphere bacterial communities were detected in different habitats (i.e. endophytic and epiphytic). Most of the differences in taxa composition came from Firmicutes spp., which have been assigned as nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Since these bacteria cannot penetrate the cuticle like fungi, the abundant epiphytic Firmicutes spp. may supplement the deficiency of nitrogen acquisition. And the main factor influencing endophytic bacteria were internal factors, such as total nitrogen, total phosphorus and water content of leaves. External factors (i.e. climate) were the main driving force for epiphytic bacteria community assembly. Our work provides empirical evidence that the assembly of phyllosphere bacterial and fungal differed, which creates a precedent for preventing and controlling rubber tree diseases and pests and rubber tree yield improvement.
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Hevea , Microbiota , Micobioma , Bactérias/genética , Biodiversidade , Nitrogênio , Folhas de Planta/microbiologia , Árvores/microbiologiaRESUMO
In most cases of cervical cancer, the high risk of the disease is caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV). Surgery or radiation usually benefits patients with early cervical cancer, while the metastatic one is uncurable and new therapeutic strategies and approaches are required. In this study, HPV16 E6 silence or overexpression were carried out to evaluate the possible mechanisms of HPV16 E6 function in cervical cancer cells with different HPV16 E6 expression background. HPV16 E6-positive cervical cancer cell Siha exerts significantly stronger cell invasion and migration potentials than the HPV16 E6-negative C33A cells. HPV16 E6 silence significantly weakened the potentials of cell invasion and migration, cell proliferation and stemness characteristic in Siha cells. Meanwhile, the overexpression of HPV16 E6 effectively promoted the cell proliferation and stemness characteristic in C33A cells. Our data also indicated a positive association between HPV16 E6 and the levels of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), and cell stemness. The ectopic expression of OCT4 could effectively reverse the inhibitory roles of HPV16 E6 silence on cell migration, invasion, and stemness in Siha cells. More interestingly, we found that HPV16 E6 might promote the OCT4 expression by impairing the direct binding of p53 on the promoter and activate its transcription. Taken together, our results indicated that HPV16 E6 could promoted the potential cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of human cervical cancer cells by modulating EMT and cell stemness. Our data provide a novel mechanism for how HPV16 E6 acts as a key risk factor for cervical cancer development and progression.
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Neoplasias do Colo do Útero , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular , Proliferação de Células , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Feminino , Papillomavirus Humano 16/metabolismo , Humanos , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/metabolismoRESUMO
Accurate gene model annotation of reference genomes is critical for making them useful. The modENCODE project has improved the D. melanogaster genome annotation by using deep and diverse high-throughput data. Since transcriptional activity that has been evolutionarily conserved is likely to have an advantageous function, we have performed large-scale interspecific comparisons to increase confidence in predicted annotations. To support comparative genomics, we filled in divergence gaps in the Drosophila phylogeny by generating draft genomes for eight new species. For comparative transcriptome analysis, we generated mRNA expression profiles on 81 samples from multiple tissues and developmental stages of 15 Drosophila species, and we performed cap analysis of gene expression in D. melanogaster and D. pseudoobscura. We also describe conservation of four distinct core promoter structures composed of combinations of elements at three positions. Overall, each type of genomic feature shows a characteristic divergence rate relative to neutral models, highlighting the value of multispecies alignment in annotating a target genome that should prove useful in the annotation of other high priority genomes, especially human and other mammalian genomes that are rich in noncoding sequences. We report that the vast majority of elements in the annotation are evolutionarily conserved, indicating that the annotation will be an important springboard for functional genetic testing by the Drosophila community.
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Biologia Computacional/métodos , Drosophila melanogaster/genética , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Anotação de Sequência Molecular , Transcriptoma , Animais , Análise por Conglomerados , Drosophila melanogaster/classificação , Evolução Molecular , Éxons , Feminino , Genoma de Inseto , Humanos , Masculino , Motivos de Nucleotídeos , Filogenia , Matrizes de Pontuação de Posição Específica , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Edição de RNA , Sítios de Splice de RNA , Splicing de RNA , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sítio de Iniciação de TranscriçãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the deadliest gynecological malignancy, and evidence is accumulating on how molecular markers may be associated with the origin and process of EOC. Sam68 (Src-associated in mitosis, of 68 kD), is a K homology domain RNA-binding protein that has been investigated as a risk factor in multiple types of tumors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the contribution of the Sam68 gene in the pathogenesis of EOC. MATERIAL AND METHODS Western blot assay and real-time quantitative PCR methods were performed to examine Sam68 expression in EOC tissue specimens. The association of Sam68 expression with clinic-pathologic variables of EOC was evaluated. Then gain-of-function and loss-of-function strategies were adopted to examine the regulation of Sam68 on the proliferation of EOC OVCAR-3 cells using CCK-8 and colony forming assays. RESULTS Sam68 was overexpressed in both mRNA and protein levels in EOC tumor tissue (n=152) in an association with malignant factors of EOC such as International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, residual tumor size (cm), histological grade, and lymph node metastasis. In vitro results demonstrated that Sam68 overexpression was upregulated while Sam68 knockdown downregulated the proliferation of EOC OVCAR-3 cells via regulation of cell growth and colony formation. CONCLUSIONS Sam68 was overexpressed in EOC tissue in association with such cancer malignant factors of FIGO stage, histological grade, and lymph node metastasis, and also positively regulated the proliferation of EOC cells. Our research suggests that Sam68 might accelerate cell cycle progression, and present as a prognostic marker for EOC.
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Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/biossíntese , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/biossíntese , Neoplasias Epiteliais e Glandulares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Epiteliais e Glandulares/patologia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Ovarianas/patologia , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/biossíntese , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/genética , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/metabolismo , Adulto , Biomarcadores Tumorais/biossíntese , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Carcinoma Epitelial do Ovário , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/genética , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/fisiologia , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Epiteliais e Glandulares/genética , Neoplasias Ovarianas/genética , Prognóstico , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/metabolismo , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
As an important neurotrophic factor in the central nervous system, Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders in many studies. However, its value as a biomarker for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of mental disorders is still controversial, and its change patterns among different mental disorders have not been compared. We conducted a network meta-analysis of BDNF levels in different psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia(SCZ), major depressive disorder(MDD), bipolar disorder(BD), panic disorder(PD), post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD), generalized anxiety disorder(GAD) and insomnia. Studies were identified by searching electronic databases through 31/05/2023. BDNF levels decreased in patients with BD, MDD, OCD, PD, SCZ compared with controls, while significantly increased in patients with PTSD. According to the network meta-analysis, BDNF levels were significantly decreased in MDD and SCZ compared with BD (-2.6, 95% CIs [-5.32 to -0.15] and - 2.68 95% CIs [-5.18 to -0.23] respectively). However, in the traditional meta-analysis, there was a trend towards lower BDNF levels in SCZ compared to BD, with no significant difference (SMD = -0.20, 95% CIs [-0.49 to 0.08]). In conclusion, abnormal BDNF levels have been found in psychiatric disorders, and the changes in peripheral BDNF levels in patients with psychiatric disorders were reconfirmed in this study, which suggests BDNF exhibits promising clinical utility and may hold diagnostic value in distinguishing between MDD and BD.
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Transtorno Bipolar , Transtorno Depressivo Maior , Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo , Humanos , Transtorno Depressivo Maior/diagnóstico , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo , Metanálise em RedeRESUMO
Kudzu, a plant known for its medicinal value and health benefits, is typically consumed in the form of starch. However, the use of native kudzu starch is limited by its high pasting temperature and low solubility, leading to a poor consumer experience. In this study, kudzu starch was treated using six modification techniques: ball milling, extrusion puffing, alcoholic-alkaline, urea-alkaline, pullulanase, and extrusion puffing-pullulanase. The results of the Fourier transform infrared spectrum showed that the intensity ratio of 1047/1022 cm-1 for the modified starches (1.02-1.21) was lower than that of the native kudzu starch (1.22). The relative crystallinity of modified kudzu starch significantly decreased, especially after ball milling, extrusion puffing, and alcoholic-alkaline treatment. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed significant changes in the granular structures of the modified starches. After modification, the pasting temperature of kudzu starch decreased (except for the urea-alkaline treatment), and the apparent viscosity of kudzu starch decreased from 517.95 Pa·s to 0.47 Pa·s. The cold-water solubility of extrusion-puffing and extrusion puffing-pullulanase modified kudzu starch was >70 %, which was significantly higher than that of the native starch (0.11 %). These findings establish a theoretical basis for the potential development of instant kudzu powder.
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Pueraria , Amido , Amido/química , Solubilidade , Pueraria/química , Viscosidade , Água/química , UreiaRESUMO
Cyprodinil, a globally utilized broad-spectrum pyrimidine amine fungicide, has been observed to elicit cardiac abnormality. Resveratrol (RSV), a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound, showcases remarkable defensive properties in nurturing cardiac development. To investigate whether RSV could protect against cyprodinil-induced cardiac defects, we exposed zebrafish embryos to cyprodinil (500 µg/L) in the presence or absence of RSV (1 µM). Our results showed that RSV significantly mitigated the decrease of survival rate and embryo movement and the hatching delay induced by cyprodinil. In addition, RSV also improved cyprodinil-induced zebrafish cardiac developmental toxicity, including pericardial edema and cardiac function impairment. In mechanism, RSV attenuated the cyprodinil-induced changes in mRNA expression involved in cardiac development, such as myh6, myl7, tbx5, and gata4, and calcium ion channels, such as ncx1h, slc8a4a, and atp2a2b. We further showed that RSV might inhibit the activity of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathways induced by cyprodinil. In summary, our findings establish that the protective effects of RSV against the cardiac developmental toxicity are induced by cyprodinil due to its remarkable ability to inhibit AhR activity. Our findings not only shed light on a new avenue for regulating and ensuring the safe utilization of cyprodinil but also presents a novel concept to promote its responsible use.
Assuntos
Coração , Pirimidinas , Receptores de Hidrocarboneto Arílico , Resveratrol , Peixe-Zebra , Animais , Peixe-Zebra/embriologia , Resveratrol/farmacologia , Pirimidinas/toxicidade , Pirimidinas/farmacologia , Coração/efeitos dos fármacos , Embrião não Mamífero/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The monocyte to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio) was proposed as a marker of atherosclerosis. Osteoporosis and atherosclerosis share common risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms. This study aimed to assess the relationship between monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio and osteoporosis. Participants aged ≥50 years with complete bone mineral density (BMD), monocyte, and HDL-C examination data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014 were included. Descriptive analysis was performed separately according to males and females. Weight linear regression and weight logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the association between the monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio and BMD and osteopenia and osteoporosis and vertebral fracture. A total of 1804 participants were included. Among the participants with osteopenia, 398 (48.31%) were males and 466 (51.91%) were females. Among those with osteoporosis, 38 (2.77%) were males and 95 (9.50%) were females. In females, monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio was negatively associated with femoral neck BMD (regression coefficient (ß) = -0.18; 95% confidence interval (CI): (-0.29, -0.07)) and high monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio was associated with higher odds of osteopenia (odds ratio (OR) = 1.22; 95% CI: (1.01, 1.47)) and osteoporosis (OR = 1.68; 95% CI: (1.13, 2.49)) after adjusting for confounders. In males, only monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio >0.35 was observed to be associated with higher odds of osteoporosis (OR = 1.96; 95% CI: (1.02, 3.79)). Stratified analyses showed that similar results were also found in different populations. This study showed that the monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio was negatively associated with BMD and the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis in females. The monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio may be a new marker of osteoporosis or osteopenia.
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Aterosclerose , Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas , Osteoporose , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Inquéritos Nutricionais , HDL-Colesterol , Monócitos , Osteoporose/complicações , Densidade Óssea , Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas/epidemiologia , Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas/complicações , Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas/diagnóstico , Aterosclerose/complicaçõesRESUMO
Thrombosis is a major health concern that contributes to the development of several cardiovascular diseases and a significant number of fatalities worldwide. While stent surgery is the current recommended treatment according to the guidelines, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the optimal approach for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, in remote areas with limited resources, PCI procedures may not be feasible, leading to a delay in treatment and irreversible outcomes. In such cases, preoperative thrombolysis becomes the primary choice for managing AMI in remote settings. The market for thrombolytic drugs is continuously evolving, and identifying a safe and effective thrombolytic agent for treating AMI is crucial. This study evaluated Urokinase, Alteplase, and Recombinant Human TNK Tissue-type Plasminogen Activator for Injection (rhTNK) as representatives of first-, second-, and third-generation thrombolytic drugs, respectively. The research included in vitro thrombolysis experiments, exposure of human cardiomyocytes, zebrafish tail vein injections, and vascular endothelial transgenic zebrafish models. The findings revealed that rhTNK is the most effective thrombolytic drug with the least adverse effects and lowest bleeding rate, highlighting its potential as the preferred treatment option for AMI. The order of thrombolytic effectiveness was Urokinase < Alteplase < rhTNK, with adverse effects on cardiomyocytes post-thrombolytic therapy ranking similarly as Urokinase < Alteplase < rhTNK, while the bleeding rate after thrombolysis followed the order of Urokinase > Alteplase > rhTNK.
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BACKGROUND: Cyprodinil is a widely used fungicide with broad-spectrum activity, but it has been associated with cardiac abnormalities. (-)-Epicatechin gallate (ECG), a natural polyphenolic compound, has been shown to possess protective properties in cardiac development. METHODS: In this study, we investigated whether ECG could mitigate cyprodinil-induced heart defects using zebrafish embryos as a model. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to cyprodinil with or without ECG. RESULTS: Our results demonstrated that ECG significantly improved the survival rate, embryo movement, and hatching delay induced by cyprodinil. Furthermore, ECG effectively ameliorated cyprodinil-induced cardiac developmental toxicity, including pericardial anomaly and impairment of cardiac function. Mechanistically, ECG attenuated the cyprodinil-induced alterations in mRNA expression related to cardiac development, such as amhc, vmhc, tbx5, and gata4, as well as calcium ion channels, such as ncx1h, atp2a2a, and cdh2. Additionally, ECG was found to inhibit the activity of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathways induced by cyprodinil. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our findings provide evidence for the protective effects of ECG against cyprodinil-induced cardiac developmental toxicity, mediated through the inhibition of AhR activity. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms and safe utilization of pesticide, such as cyprodinil.
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Catequina , Coração , Receptores de Hidrocarboneto Arílico , Peixe-Zebra , Animais , Receptores de Hidrocarboneto Arílico/metabolismo , Coração/efeitos dos fármacos , Catequina/análogos & derivados , Catequina/farmacologia , Cardiopatias Congênitas/metabolismo , Embrião não Mamífero/efeitos dos fármacos , Embrião não Mamífero/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Fungicidas Industriais/farmacologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica no Desenvolvimento/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The low exposure of active sites and the slow electron transfer rate still restrict the wide application of the photo-Fenton system of Fe-based photocatalyst in practical water treatment. Herein, we prepared a hollow Fe-doped In2O3 nanotube (h-Fe-In2O3) catalyst for activating hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to remove tetracycline (TC) and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB). Incorporation of Fe could shorten the band gap and increase the absorption capacity of visible light. Meanwhile, the increase of electron density at the Fermi level promotes the interfacial electron transport. The large specific surface area of the tubular structure exposes more Fe active site and the Fe-O-In site reduces the energy barrier of H2O2 activation, resulting in more and faster formation of hydroxyl radicals (â¢OH). After continuous operation for 600 min, the h-Fe-In2O3 reactor still can remove 85% TC and about 3.5 log ARB in secondary effluent, showing good stability and durability for practical wastewater treatment.
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Antagonistas de Receptores de Angiotensina , Peróxido de Hidrogênio , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/química , Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina , Antibacterianos , Tetraciclina , Bactérias , CatáliseRESUMO
Introduction: Aripiprazole, a commonly prescribed antipsychotic, has been rarely associated with the onset of hiccups. This study aims to elucidate the prevalence, risk factors, and management of aripiprazole-induced hiccups. Methods: We report a case of aripiprazole-induced hiccups in a 32-year-old male diagnosed with Somatic Symptom Disorder per DSM-5 criteria.A comprehensive literature review was conducted, identifying 29 case reports of aripiprazole-induced hiccups. Patient demographics, dosage, onset and duration of hiccups, and management strategies were analyzed. Results: Aripiprazole-induced hiccups predominantly affected adolescents and middle-aged male patients (86.7%). The majority of hiccups developed within 1-2 days post-prescription (90.9%) and resolved within 1-4 days after discontinuation of aripiprazole. Discontinuation of aripiprazole was the most effective management strategy (51.7%). Co-administration with benzodiazepines was identified as a significant risk factor. Discussion: The findings suggest that clinicians should be vigilant for the onset of hiccups during the early stages of aripiprazole treatment, especially in male patients and those co-administered with benzodiazepines. Conclusion: Clinicians should be vigilant for hiccups during early aripiprazole treatment. Considering personality and psychological factors is crucial in managing hiccups in psychiatric patients.
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Active chlorine is the most widely used disinfectant for water disinfection as well as surface sterilization. Here, we report an air cathode electrochlorinator for point-of-use disinfection of toilet wastewater. The air cathode dominated by a four-electron pathway to reduce O2 to OH- was more suitable for chlorine synthesis than through a two-electron pathway to H2O2, which could reduce chlorine back to chloride ions. The minimum driving potential of the air cathode electrochlorinator was as low as 0.94 V, which made it possible to be directly powered by a piece of commercial mini photovoltaic solar panel without electronic converter. Under the cell voltage of 2 V, the Faraday current efficiency was 82.0 % and the electrical energy required to produce 1 kg active chlorine was estimated to be only 1.75 kWh. The normalized energy consumption to disinfect simulated toilet wastewater with a pathogen concentration of 107 CFU/mL was estimated to be 7.2 W h/m3. Moreover, the material cost for fabrication of the electrochlorinator was estimated to be less than $ 0.62. These features guarantee the air cathode electrochlorinator of high potential for point-of-use disinfection of toilet wastewater.
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BACKGROUND: Heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with emotional disorders and healthy controls (HCs) has been investigated in many studies but the difference between these emotional disorders was unclear. METHODS: The PubMed, Embase, Medline and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for studies published in English that compared HCs with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), major depressive disorder (MDD), panic disorder (PD) patients in HRV. We conducted a network meta-analysis to compare HRV in patients with GAD, MDD, PD and HCs. HRV outcomes, including time domain indices (the standard deviation of NN intervals (SDNN) and the root mean square of the successive differences between normal heartbeats (RMSSD)), and frequency domain indices (High-frequency (HF), Low-frequency (LF) and the ratio of LF to HF (LF/HF)) were obtained. A total of 4008 participants from 42 studies were included. RESULTS: The results of pairwise meta-analysis showed that compared with controls, GAD, PD and MDD patients exhibited significantly reduced HRV. Similar findings were also confirmed in network meta-analysis. The most important finding from network meta-analysis was that GAD patients had significantly lower SDNN than PD patients (SMD = -0.60, 95 % CI [-1.09, -0.11]). CONCLUSION: Our findings provided a potential objective biological marker to distinguish between GAD and PD. In the future, a large sample of research is needed to directly compare HRV of various mental disorders, which is crucial for finding biomarkers to distinguish them.
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Transtorno Depressivo Maior , Transtorno de Pânico , Humanos , Transtorno Depressivo Maior/diagnóstico , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Metanálise em Rede , Transtornos de Ansiedade/diagnósticoRESUMO
Photocatalytic activation of molecular oxygen (O2) is a promising way in oxidative degradation of organic pollutants. However, it suffers from low efficiency mainly due to the limited active sites for O2 activation over traditional photocatalysts. Therefore, we established a single atomic Ag-g-C3N4 (SAACN) catalyst with 10 wt% loading of Ag single sites for boosting the O2 activation during the degradation of tetracycline (TC), and 10 wt% loading of nanoparticle Ag-g-C3N4 (NPACN) was studied as a comparison. When using SAACN, the accumulative concentration of superoxide (â¢O2-), hydroxyl radical (â¢OH), singlet oxygen (1O2) reached up to 0.66, 0.19, 0.33 mmol L-1h-1, respectively, within 120 min, 11.7, 5.7 and 4.9 times compared with those using NPACN, representing 17.24% of dissolved O2 was converted to reactive oxygen species (ROS). When additionally feeding air or O2, the accumulative concentrations of â¢O2-, â¢OH, 1O2 were even higher (air: 4.21, 0.97, 2.02 mmol L-1 h-1; O2: 17.13, 1.32, 9.00 mmol L-1 h-1). The rate constants (k) for degrading the TC were 0.0409 min-1 over SAACN and 0.00880 min-1 over NPACN, respectively (mineralization rate: 95.7% vs. 59.9% after 3 h of degradation). Moreover, the degradation ability of SAACN did not decrease in a wide range of pH value (4-10) or under low temperature (10 °C). Besides the high exposure of Ag single sites, other advances of SAACN were: 1(O2 was more energetic favorable to adsorb on single atomic Ag sites; 2) Positive Ag single sites were easier to obtain the electrons from the surrounding N atoms, and facilitated electron transfer towards adsorbed O2.
Assuntos
Prata , Tetraciclina , Antibacterianos , Catálise , OxigênioRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Liver fibrosis is a common pathologic process related to chronic liver disease. However, there are currently no effective methods to reverse liver fibrosis. Chronic liver disease is typically associated with a major imbalance in the intestinal flora, and targeting the regulation of the intestinal flora structure may facilitate the prevention and treatment of chronic liver disease. Therefore, in this study, we explored the effects of dietary fiber on the prevention of liver fibrosis in mice. METHODS: C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: olive oil group (control), fibrosis (CCl4) group, resistant maltodextrin (RM) + CCl4 group, and wheat fiber (WF) + CCl4 group. In the latter 3 groups, liver fibrosis was established by treatment with CCl4. In the RM + CCl4 and WF + CCl4 groups, the mice were treated with soluble dietary fiber (RM) or insoluble dietary fiber (WF) for 3 wk before receiving CCl4. The effects of dietary fiber on various indexes of liver fibrosis in mice induced by CCl4 were observed. RESULTS: The results showed that increasing dietary fiber intake prevented liver fibrosis in mice, reduced serum levels of proinflammatory factors (e.g., tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin [IL] 1-beta and IL-6) and increased IL-10 and interferon-gamma levels. Moreover, increased dietary fiber intake also reduced the infiltration of cluster of differentiation (CD) 3+, 4+, and 8+ T lymphocytes in the liver, regulated the structure of the intestinal flora, and increased the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings revealed the complex relationships between dietary fiber, intestinal flora, and immunity, and suggested that dietary therapy could alleviate liver fibrosis.