[Analysis of differential genes related to dormancy release of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis seeds by transcriptome sequencing].

The study aims at exploring the expression of differential genes and related metabolic pathways in the process of seed dormancy release. The dormant embryo and the dormant released embryo of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis were used as the test materials, a new generation high-throughput sequencing methods to sequence the transcriptome of the samples was used to carry out systematic bioinformatics analysis. We obtained 62 882 650 and 62 263 366 clean reads from the DNA libraries of the samples before and after dormancy breaking. A total of 69 248 differentially expressed genes(DEGs) were obtained, 56 426 up-regulated genes and 12 822 down-regulated genes. There are 138 267 differentially expressed genes in the process of embryo dormancy release, which were annotated by GO function to 58 subclasses of biological processes, molecular functions and cell components. The annotated differentially expressed genes were closely related to metabolic processes, biological regulation, cell component synthesis and enzyme catalytic activity. We found 139 metabolic pathways through pathway analysis of 58 722 differentially expressed genes. Before and after dormancy, DEGs were mainly enriched in carbon metabolism, secondary metabolite biosynthesis and polysaccharide metabolism. Based on the annotation results in KEGG database, we found 16 metabolic pathways related to the dormancy release of P. polyhoylla var. chinensis. A large number of differentially expressed genes were involved in embryo morphogenesis, polysaccharide decomposition and protein synthesis during seed development and dormancy release. It involves the interaction of multiple metabolic pathways and constitutes a complex regulation network for dormancy relief.

Mdivi-1, a mitochondrial fission inhibitor, modulates T helper cells and suppresses the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

BACKGROUND: Unrestrained activation of Th1 and Th17 cells is associated with the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). While inactivation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), a GTPase that regulates mitochondrial fission, can reduce EAE severity by protecting myelin from demyelination, its effect on immune responses in EAE has not yet been studied. METHODS: We investigated the effect of Mdivi-1, a small molecule inhibitor of Drp1, on EAE. Clinical scores, inflammation, demyelination and Drp1 activation in the central nervous system (CNS), and T cell responses in both CNS and periphery were determined. RESULTS: Mdivi-1 effectively suppressed EAE severity by reducing demyelination and cellular infiltration in the CNS. Mdivi-1 treatment decreased the phosphorylation of Drp1 (ser616) on CD4+ T cells, reduced the numbers of Th1 and Th17 cells, and increased Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in the CNS. Moreover, Mdivi-1 treatment effectively inhibited IFN-γ+, IL-17+, and GM-CSF+ CD4+ T cells, while it induced CD4+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in splenocytes by flow cytometry. CONCLUSIONS: Together, our results demonstrate that Mdivi-1 has therapeutic potential in EAE by modulating the balance between Th1/Th17 and regulatory T cells.

Lactation breast abscess treated with Gualou Xiaoyong decoction and painless lactation manipulation: A case report and review of literature.

BACKGROUND: Breast abscess during lactation is a severe complication of acute mastitis, which can lead to discomfort, high fever, breast fistula, sepsis, septic shock, breast damage, disease persistence and frequent hospitalization. Breast abscesses may also lead the mother to discontinue breastfeeding, thereby harming the infant's health. The predominant pathogenic bacteria are Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus. The incidence of breastfeeding abscesses in breastfeeding women ranges between 4.0% and 11.0%. In cases of breast abscess, the rate of cessation of lactation is 41.0%. In instances of breast fistula, the rate of cessation of lactation is very high (66.7%). Furthermore, 50.0% of women with breast abscesses must be hospitalized and treated with intravenous antibiotics. Treatment includes antibiotics, abscess puncture and surgical incision and drainage. The patients suffer from stress, pain and easily induced breast scarring; the disease's progression is prolonged and recurrent, interfering with infant feeding. Consequently, it is crucial to discover an adequate cure. CASE SUMMARY: A 28-year-old woman with a breast abscess was treated with Gualou Xiaoyong decoction and painless breast opening manipulation 24 d after cesarean delivery. On the 2nd d of treatment, the patient's breast mass was significantly reduced, the pain was significantly reduced, and the general asthenia was improved. All conscious symptoms disappeared after 3 d, breast abscesses faded after 12 d of treatment, inflammation images disappeared after 27 d, and normal lactation images were restored. CONCLUSION: In treating breast abscesses during breastfeeding, the combination of Gualou Xiaoyong decoction and painless lactation provides a positive therapeutic impact. This disease's treatment offers the advantages of a short course of treatment, no need to discontinue breastfeeding and the ability to rapidly mitigate symptoms, which can be used as a reference in clinical practice.

The Effect of Kangaroo Mother Care After Duodenal Obstruction in Neonates.

Objective: The present study aimed to explore the effectiveness of clinical application of kangaroo mother care (KMC) in neonates after surgery for duodenal obstruction in achieving total enteral nutrition (TEN) and shortening the length of hospital stay. Methods: A prospective study of 60 cases of surgery for duodenal obstruction in pediatric patients in the neonatal intensive care unit of Kunming Children's Hospital between January 2018 and December 2019 was conducted. The study subjects included 15 cases with intestinal malrotation, 18 cases with circular pancreas, 10 cases with a duodenal septum, and 17 cases with duodenal atresia or duodenal stenosis. According to the single and double numbers of the operation date, the subjects were randomly divided into the control group and observation group, with 30 cases in each group. The conventional care of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) was carried out in the control group, and KMC based on ERAS conventional care was implemented in the observation group. The difference in the duration to achieve TEN and the length of hospital stay between the two groups of patients after care was compared and analyzed. Results: The average duration to achieve TEN for neonates with duodenal obstruction in the control group was 14.23 ± 3.17 days, while that in the observation group was 12.27 ± 1.15 days. The average length of hospital stay in the control group was 17.22 ± 4.71 days, while that in the observation group was 13.34 ± 2.70 days. There was a significant difference in the duration to achieve TEN and the average length of hospital stay between the two groups (P < 0.05). The duration to achieve TEN and the length of hospital stay in pediatric patients were significantly shorter in the observation group than in the control group. Conclusion: Kangaroo mother care has important clinical significance and application value in shortening the duration to achieve TEN and the length of hospital stay in neonates after surgery for duodenal obstruction.

[Pathogenesis and clinical significance of interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in cervicitis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between local immune status of vagina and the occurrence of disease in patients with cervicitis. METHODS: ELISA were used to detect the level of interleukin (IL)-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha in vaginal douche of patients with cervicitis due to ureaplasma urealyticum, mycoplasma hominis, chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae and cervical erosion. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the level of IL-8 in vaginal douche of patients with mycoplasma hominis cervicitis, chlamydia trachomatis cervicitis and neisseria gonorrhoeae cervicitis was significantly higher and there was significant difference ng/L: 371 +/- 34, 369 +/- 31, 339 +/- 36, vs 341 +/- 32, 338 +/- 33, 316 +/- 24, (all P < 0.01). Comparing the level of IL-8 in vaginal douche of patients with ureaplasma urealyticum cervicitis and cervical erosion with that of control group, there was no statistical difference (all P > 0.05). The level of TNF-alpha in vaginal douche of each group was remarkably higher than that of control group except for patients with cervical erosion. And statistically significant difference was found between them (all P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: With regards to the pathogenesis of cervicitis, local immune mechanism of vagina plays an important role in the occurrence of cervicitis. The role of IL-8 in pathogenesis of mycoplasma hominis cervicitis, chlamydia trachomatis cervicitis and neisseria gonorrhoeae cervicitis is likely to be more important.

A comparative study of the five-repetition sit-to-stand test and the 30-second sit-to-stand test to assess exercise tolerance in COPD patients.

Purpose: The sit-to-stand test (STST) has been used to evaluate the exercise tolerance of patients with COPD. However, mutual comparisons to predict poor exercise tolerance have been hindered by the variety of STST modes used in previous studies, which also did not consider patients' subjective perceptions of different STST modes. Our aim was to compare the five-repetition sit-to-stand test (5STS) with the 30-second sit-to-stand test (30STS) for predicting poor performance in the six-minute walking test and to evaluate patients' subjective perceptions to determine the optimal mode for clinical practice. Patients and methods: Patients with stable COPD performed 5STS, 30STS and the 6MWT and then evaluated their feelings about the two STST modes by Borg dyspnea score and a questionnaire. Moreover, we collected data through the pulmonary function test, mMRC dyspnea score, COPD assessment test and quadriceps muscle strength (QMS). A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the 5STS and 30STS results was used to predict 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) <350 m. Results: The final analysis included 128 patients. Similar moderate correlations were observed between 6MWT and 5STS (r=-0.508, P<0.001) and between 6MWT and 30STS (r=0.528, P<0.001), and there were similar correlations between QMS and 5STS (r=-0.401, P<0.001) and between QMS and 30STS (r=0.398, P<0.001). The 5STS and 30STS score cutoffs produced sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values of 76.0%, 62.8%, 56.7% and 80.3% (5STS) and 62.0%, 75.0%, 62.0% and 75.0% (30STS), respectively, for predicting poor 6MWT performance. The 5STS exhibited obvious superiority in terms of the completion rate and the subjective feelings of the participants. Conclusion: As a primary screening test for predicting poor 6MWD, the 5STS is similar to the 30STS in terms of sensitivity and specificity, but the 5STS has a better patient experience.