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The electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NITRR) holds great promise for purifying wastewater and producing valuable ammonia (NH3). However, the lack of efficient electrocatalysts has impeded the achievement of highly selective NH3 synthesis from the NITRR. In this study, we report the design and synthesis of two polynuclear Co-cluster-based coordination polymers, {[Co2(TCPPDA)(H2O)5]·(H2O)9(DMF)} and {Co1.5(TCPPDA)[(CH3)2NH2]·(H2O)6(DMF)2} (namely, NJUZ-2 and NJUZ-3), which possess distinct coordination motifs with well-defined porosity, high-density catalytic sites, accessible mass transfer channels, and nanoconfined chemical environments. Benefitting from their intriguing multicore metal-organic coordination framework structures, NJUZ-2 and NJUZ-3 exhibit remarkable catalytic activities for the NITRR. At a potential of -0.8 V (vs. RHE) in an H-type cell, they achieve an optimal Faradaic efficiency of approximately 98.5% and high long-term durability for selective NH3 production. Furthermore, the electrocatalytic performance is well maintained even under strongly acidic conditions. When operated under an industrially relevant current density of 469.9 mA cm-2 in a flow cell, a high NH3 yield rate of up to 3370.6 mmol h-1 g-1cat. was observed at -0.5 V (vs. RHE), which is 20.1-fold higher than that obtained in H-type cells under the same conditions. Extensive experimental analyses, in combination with theoretical computations, reveal that the great enhancement of the NITRR activity is attributed to the preferential adsorption of NO3- and the reduction in energy input required for the hydrogenation of *NO3 and *NO2 intermediates.
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The design and synthesis of stable porous materials capable of removing both hard and soft metal ions pose a significant challenge. In this study, a novel metal-organic framework (MOF) adsorbent named CdK-m-COTTTB was developed. This MOF material was constructed using sulfur-rich m-cyclooctatetrathiophene-tetrabenzoate (m-H4COTTTB) as the organic ligand and oxygen-rich bimetallic clusters as the inorganic nodes. The incorporation of both soft and hard base units within the MOF structure enables effective removal of various heavy metal ions, including both soft and hard acid species. In single-component experiments, the adsorption capacity of CdK-m-COTTTB for Pb2+, Tb3+, and Zr4+ ions reached levels of 636.94, 432.90, and 357.14 mg·g-1, respectively, which is comparable to specific MOF absorbents. The rapid adsorption process was found to be chemisorption. Furthermore, CdK-m-COTTTB exhibited the capability to remove at least 12 different metal ions in both separate and multicomponent solutions. The material demonstrated excellent acid-base stability and renewability, which are advantageous for practical applications. CdK-m-COTTTB represents the first reported pristine MOF material for the removal of both hard and soft acid metal ions. This work serves as inspiration for the design and synthesis of porous crystalline materials that can efficiently remove diverse heavy metal pollutants.
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Rechargeable Zn-MnO2 batteries using mild water electrolytes have garnered significant interest owing to their impressive theoretical energy density and eco-friendly characteristics. However, MnO2 suffers from huge structural changes during the cycles, resulting in very poor stability at high charge-discharge depths. Briefly, the above problems are caused by slow kinetic processes and the dissolution of Mn atoms in the cycles. In this paper, a 2D homojunction electrode material (δ/ε-MnO2) based on δ-MnO2 and ε-MnO2 has been prepared by a two-step electrochemical deposition method. According to the DFT calculations, the charge transfer and bonding between interfaces result in the generation of electronic states near the Fermi surface, giving δ/ε-MnO2 a more continuous distribution of electron states and better conductivity, which is conducive to the rapid insertion/extraction of Zn2+ and H+. Moreover, the strongly coupled Mn-O-Mn interfacial bond can effectively impede dissolution of Mn atoms and thus maintain the structural integrity of δ/ε-MnO2 during the cycles. Accordingly, the δ/ε-MnO2 cathode exhibits high capacity (383 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1), superior rate performance (150 mAh g-1 at 5 A g-1), and excellent cycling stability over 2000 cycles (91.3% at 3 A g-1). Profoundly, this unique homojunction provides a novel paradigm for reasonable selection of different components.
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INTRODUCTION: Early screening and identification are crucial for fall prevention, and developing a new method to predict fall risk in the elderly can address the current lack of objectivity in assessment tools. METHODS: A total of 132 elderly individuals over 80 years old residing in some nursing homes in Shanghai were selected using a convenient sampling method. Fall history information was collected, and gait data during a 10-meter walk were recorded. Logistic regression was employed to establish the prediction model, and a nomogram was used to assess the importance of the indicators. The Bootstrap method was utilized for internal validation of the model, while the verification set was used for external validation. The predictive performance of the model was evaluated using the area under the ROC curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) to assess clinical benefits. RESULTS: The incidence of falls in the sample population was 36.4%. The Tinetti Gait and Balance Test (TGBT) score (OR = 0.832, 95% CI: 0.734,0.944), stride length (OR = 0.007, 95% CI: 0.000,0.104), difference in standing time (OR = 0.001, 95% CI: 0.000,0.742), and mean stride time (OR = 0.992, 95% CI:0.984,1.000) were identified as significant factors. The area under the ROC curve was 0.878 (95% CI: 0.805, 0.952), with a sensitivity of 0.935 and specificity of 0.726. The Brier score was 0.135, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test (χ2 = 10.650, P = 0.222) indicated a good fit and calibration of the model. CONCLUSION: The TGBT score, stride length, difference in standing time, and stride time are all protective factors associated with fall risk among the elderly. The developed risk prediction model demonstrates good discrimination and calibration, providing valuable insights for early screening and intervention in fall risk among older adults.
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Acidentes por Quedas , Análise da Marcha , Humanos , Acidentes por Quedas/estatística & dados numéricos , Acidentes por Quedas/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Masculino , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Medição de Risco/métodos , Análise da Marcha/métodos , China/epidemiologia , Avaliação Geriátrica/métodos , Casas de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Marcha/fisiologia , Modelos LogísticosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: According to the World Health Organisation's Health Report 2019, approximately 17.18 million people die from cardiovascular disease each year, accounting for more than 30% of all global deaths. Therefore, the occurrence of cardiovascular disease is still a global concern. The transcription factor 21 (TCF21) plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases. This article reviews the regulation mechanism of TCF21 expression and activity and focuses on its important role in atherosclerosis in order to contribute to the development of diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. SUMMARY: TCF21 is involved in the phenotypic regulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), promotes the proliferation and migration of VSMCs, and participates in the activation of inflammatory sequences. Increased proliferation and migration of VSMCs can lead to neointimal hyperplasia after vascular injury. Abnormal hyperplasia of neointima and inflammation are one of the main features of atherosclerosis. Therefore, targeting TCF21 may become a potential treatment for relieving atherosclerosis. KEY MESSAGES: TCF21 as a member of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors regulates cell growth and differentiation by modulating gene expression during the development of different organs and plays an important role in cardiovascular development and disease. VSMCs and cells derived from VSMCs constitute the majority of plaques in atherosclerosis. TCF21 plays a key role in regulation of VSMCs' phenotype, thus accelerating atherogenesis in the early stage. However, TCF21 enhances plaque stability in late-stage atherosclerosis. The dual role of TCF21 should be considered in the translational medicine.
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Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos , Doenças Cardiovasculares , Músculo Liso Vascular , Humanos , Animais , Músculo Liso Vascular/metabolismo , Doenças Cardiovasculares/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos/genética , Aterosclerose/metabolismo , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células , Movimento CelularRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the method of resting EEG assessment of depressive symptoms in college students and to clarify the relationship between physical activity level and depressive symptoms in college students. METHODS: Using a cross-sectional study design, 140 current full-time college students were recruited to complete the Self-Rating Depression Scale and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and 10-min resting EEGs were obtained. RESULTS: 1) The power values of δ and α2 in the central (C3, C4) and parietal (P3, P4) regions of depressed college students were significantly higher than those of normal college students. And the degree of lateralization of δ, θ, α1, and α2 in the prefrontal regions (F3, F4) of depressed college students was significantly higher than that of normal college students (all P < 0. 008). 2) The recall rate of the depression recognition model for college students based on resting EEG was 66.67%, the precision was 65.05%, and the AUCs of the training group and validation group were 0.791 and 0.786, respectively, with better detection effects. 3) The two indicators, δ (C3 + C4) and α1 (F4-F3), are significantly correlated with IPAQ scores, and among college students who engage in ball games most commonly, those with a higher level of physical activity have lower δ (C3 + C4) and higher α1 (F4-F3), while among those who engage in resistance training most commonly, higher levels of physical activity are associated with lower δ (C3 + C4). CONCLUSION: The resting EEG of depressed college students has a certain specificity that can objectively assess the risk of developing depressive symptoms in college students. Physical activity is associated with abnormal EEG signals of depressive symptoms. Different types of physical activity may modulate the relationship between physical activity levels and EEG indicators.
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Depressão , Eletroencefalografia , Humanos , Depressão/diagnóstico , Estudos Transversais , Eletroencefalografia/métodos , Exercício Físico , EstudantesRESUMO
NF-YCs are important transcription factors with diverse functions in the plant kingdoms including seed development. NF-YC8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 are close homologs with similar seed-specific expression patterns. Despite the fact that some of the NF-YCs are functionally known; their biological roles have not been systematically explored yet, given the potential functional redundancy. In this study, we generated pentuple mutant pnfyc of NF-YC8-12 and revealed their functions in the regulation of grain quality and seed germination. pnfyc grains displayed significantly more chalkiness with abnormal starch granule packaging. pnfyc seed germination and post-germination growth are much slower than the wild-type NIP, largely owing to the GA-deficiency as exogenous GA was able to fully recover the germination phenotype. The RNA-seq experiment identified a total of 469 differentially expressed genes, and several GA-, ABA- and grain quality control-related genes might be transcriptionally regulated by the five NF-YCs, as revealed by qRT-PCR analysis. The results demonstrated the redundant functions of NF-YC8-12 in regulating GA pathways that underpin rice grain quality and seed germination, and shed a novel light on the functions of the seed-specific NF-YCs.
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Giberelinas , Oryza , Ácido Abscísico/metabolismo , Grão Comestível/genética , Grão Comestível/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Germinação/genética , Giberelinas/metabolismo , Oryza/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Sementes/metabolismoRESUMO
Plant male gametogenesis is a coordinated effort involving both reproductive tissues and sporophytic tissues, in which lipid metabolism plays an essential role. Although GDSL esterases/lipases have been well known as key enzymes for many plant developmental processes and stress responses, their functions in reproductive development remain unclear. Here, we report the identification of a rice male sterile2 (rms2) mutant in rice (Oryza sativa), which is completely male sterile due to the defects in tapetum degradation, cuticle formation in sporophytic tissues, and impaired exine and central vacuole development in pollen grains. RMS2 was map-based cloned as an endoplasmic reticulum-localized GDSL lipase gene, which is predominantly transcribed during early anther development. In rms2, a three-nucleotide deletion and one base substitution (TTGT to A) occurred within the GDSL domain, which reduced the lipid hydrolase activity of the resulting protein and led to significant changes in the content of 16 lipid components and numerous other metabolites, as revealed by a comparative metabolic analysis. Furthermore, RMS2 is directly targeted by the male fertility regulators Undeveloped Tapetum1 and Persistent Tapetal Cell1 both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that RMS2 may serve as a key node in the rice male fertility regulatory network. These findings shed light on the function of GDSLs in reproductive development and provide a promising gene resource for hybrid rice breeding.
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Lipase/metabolismo , Oryza/metabolismo , Oryza/fisiologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/fisiologia , Lipase/genética , Oryza/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Reprodução/genética , Reprodução/fisiologiaRESUMO
A micro-interferometer based on surface third-harmonic generation (THG) at two-photon-polymerized SU-8 cuboids for real-time monitoring of the refractive index changes of target fluids, which can be easily integrated into microfluidic photonic systems, is demonstrated. The third-harmonic (TH) interferogram is selectively generated only from the target volume by a simple vertical pumping, thereby eliminating the needs for complicated coupling and alignments. The dependence of the generated TH to the input pump polarization state is thoroughly investigated. The THG efficiency by linearly polarized excitation is found to be 2.6 × 10-7, which is the most efficient at the SU-8-air interface and independent of the input polarization direction. The THG efficiency from the SU-8-air interface is 12.17 times higher than that from the glass-air interface and 4.93 times higher than that from the SU-8-glass interface. Real-time monitoring of argon gas pressure is demonstrated using the micro- interferometer. The surface TH from two-photon-polymerized 3D structures offers novel design flexibility to the nonlinear optical light sources for microfluidic and microelectronic devices.
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Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors known as KRPs (kip-related proteins) control the progression of plant cell cycles and modulate various plant developmental processes. However, the function of KRPs in rice remains largely unknown. In this study, two rice KRPs members, KRP1 and KRP2, were found to be predominantly expressed in developing seeds and were significantly induced by exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and Brassinosteroid (BR) applications. Sub-cellular localization experiments showed that KRP1 was mainly localized in the nucleus of rice protoplasts. KRP1 overexpression transgenic lines (OxKRP1), krp2 single mutant (crkrp2), and krp1/krp2 double mutant (crkrp1/krp2) all exhibited significantly smaller seed width, seed length, and reduced grain weight, with impaired seed germination and retarded early seedling growth, suggesting that disturbing the normal steady state of KRP1 or KRP2 blocks seed development partly through inhibiting cell proliferation and enlargement during grain filling and seed germination. Furthermore, two cyclin-dependent protein kinases, CDKC;2 and CDKF;3, could interact with KRP1 in a yeast-two-hybrid system, indicating that KRP1 might regulate the mitosis cell cycle and endoreduplication through the two targets. In a word, this study shed novel insights into the regulatory roles of KRPs in rice seed maturation and germination.
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Proteínas Inibidoras de Quinase Dependente de Ciclina/metabolismo , Germinação/fisiologia , Oryza/metabolismo , Sementes/metabolismo , Ácido Abscísico/metabolismo , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Brassinosteroides , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/genética , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/metabolismo , Núcleo Celular/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células , Proteínas Inibidoras de Quinase Dependente de Ciclina/genética , Quinases Ciclina-Dependentes/metabolismo , Grão Comestível/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica no Desenvolvimento , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Germinação/genética , Mutação , Oryza/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Protoplastos/metabolismoRESUMO
This research explored the effect of media milling on complexation of corn starch (CS) and quercetin (QC), interaction mechanism and Pickering emulsifying ability of corn-quercetin (CS-QC) complex. CS-QC with QC/CS ratio of 1:24 had the highest encapsulation efficiency of 76.00 ± 1.30 %. Average volume-mean diameter, average whole molecular size (Rh) and debranchedamylopectinchain length of CS-QC were significantly decreased after milling. Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra confirmed the complexation between CS and QC. Emulsifying capacity and emulsion stability of Pickering emulsion stabilized by 5 % CS-QC complex particles after 120 min milling reached 100.00 % and 100.00. Pickering emulsions stabilized by these complex particles demonstrated superior oxidative stability. These results demonstrated that media milling could be an efficient physical approach to obtain starch-polyphenol complex by enhancing non-covalent interactions, which could not only be used as food-grade Pickering emulsifiers, but also retard lipid oxidation.
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In patients with severe necrotizing pancreatitis, pancreatic necrosis and secondary infection of surrounding tissues can quickly spread to the whole retroperitoneal space. Treatment of pancreatic abscess complicating necrotizing pancreatitis is difficult and has a high mortality rate. The well-accepted treatment strategy is early debridement of necrotic tissues, drainage, and postoperative continuous retroperitoneal lavage. However, traditional open surgery has several disadvantages, such as severe trauma, interference with abdominal organs, a high rate of postoperative infection and adhesion, and hardness with repeated debridement. The retroperitoneal laparoscopic approach has the advantages of minimal invasion, a better drainage route, convenient repeated debridement, and avoidance of the spread of retroperitoneal infection to the abdominal cavity. In addition, retroperitoneal drainage leads to fewer drainage tube problems, including miscounting, displacement, or siphon. The debridement and drainage of pancreatic abscess tissue via the retroperitoneal laparoscopic approach plays an increasingly irreplaceable role in improving patient prognosis and saving healthcare resources and costs. The main procedures described here include laying the patient on the right side, raising the lumbar bridge and then arranging the trocar; establishing the pneumoperitoneum and cleaning the pararenal fat tissues; opening the lateral pyramidal fascia and the perirenal fascia outside the peritoneal reflections; opening the anterior renal fascia and entering the anterior pararenal space from the rear; clearing the necrotic tissue and accumulating fluid; and placing drainage tubes and performing postoperative continuous retroperitoneal lavage.
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Laparoscopia , Pancreatite Necrosante Aguda , Humanos , Espaço Retroperitoneal/cirurgia , Desbridamento/métodos , Abscesso/etiologia , Abscesso/cirurgia , Pancreatite Necrosante Aguda/cirurgia , NecroseRESUMO
Objective: To compare the effects of various sports exercise programs on the core symptoms of patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: We searched the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP databases, Wanfang databases, Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases from their inception to February 2023 for randomized controlled trial that investigated the effect of sports exercise on the core symptoms of ASD. The overall risk of bias in the included literature was summarized using the revised Cochrane Randomized Trial Risk of Bias Tool (ROB2), and network meta-analysis was used to compare the intervention effects. Results: A total of 30 studies involving 1,375 participants were included. The results showed that sports exercise programs, including 8-12 weeks of ball sports (SMD = -5.35, 95%CI: -7.57, -3.23), horse riding (SMD = -3.71, 95%CI: -6.18, -1.13), 8-12 weeks of comprehensive sports exercise (SMD = -2.17, 95%CI: -3.99, -0.44), and more than 12 weeks of comprehensive sports exercise (SMD = -3.75, 95%CI: -6.33, -1.24), significantly improved social interaction disorders. Furthermore, 8-12 weeks of ball sports (SMD = -4.36, 95%CI: 2.04, 6.73) and more than 12 weeks of comprehensive sports exercise (SMD = 3.65, 95%CI: 1.40, 6.08) significantly improved repetitive behaviors and restricted interests. Conclusion: Sports exercise can improve the core symptoms of ASD patients, and different symptoms show a selective response to different exercise elements. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023455806.
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Objective: To systematically evaluate the effects of mind-body exercise on risk factors of metabolic syndrome such as insulin resistance. Methods: Web of Science, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EBSCO host, Embase, China Knowledge Network, China Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang, and VIP were searched for the period from the establishment of the database to 1 July 2023, and randomized controlled trials of mind-body exercise interventions in patients with metabolic syndrome were collected. We applied the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool RoB2 to evaluate the methodological quality of the included literature and used RevMan5.4 software and Stata15.1 for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 14 randomized controlled trials with 1148 patients were included in this study. Meta-analysis showed that mind-body exercise significantly improved insulin resistance [SMD=-0.78, 95% CI: (-1.13, -0.43), P<0.0001], waist circumference [SMD=-2.20, 95% CI: (-3.34, -1.06), P=0.0001], body mass index (SMD=-1.50, 95% CI: [-2.03, -0.97), P<0.00001], systolic blood pressure [SMD=-3.65, 95% CI: 9-5.56, -1.74), P=0.0002], diastolic blood pressure [SMD=-3.32, 95% CI: (- 3.77, -2.87), P<0.00001], fasting blood glucose [SMD=-0.57, 95% CI: (-0.99, -0.15), P=0.008], triglycerides [SMD=-0.27, 95% CI: (-0.46, -0.08), P=0.004], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [SMD=0.58, the 95% CI: (0.28, 0.87), P=0.0001]. Subgroup analysis showed that the intervention program with exercise form of fitness qigong, exercise cycle of 24-48 weeks, and exercise frequency of 6-7 times/week could significantly improve each risk factor. Conclusion: Mind-body exercise is effective in improving risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome. Current evidence recommends an intervention program of low to moderate intensity fitness qigong, with 6-7 sessions per week for 24-48 weeks in patients with metabolic syndrome. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023454135.
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Resistência à Insulina , Síndrome Metabólica , Humanos , Fatores de Risco , Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Terapias Mente-Corpo/métodosRESUMO
To systematically evaluate the intervention effect of music therapy on anxiety and depression in breast cancer patients. Randomised controlled trial (RCT) on music therapy for anxiety and depression in breast cancer patients was searched from 7 major databases, PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, WOS, CNIC, Wanfang, and Wipro, spanning the period of library construction to 23 October 2023, and the literature screening of music therapy for anxiety or depression in breast cancer patients was carried out by 2 experimentalists, each of whom conducted a literature screening RCT independently of the other anxiety or depression in a RCT. Methodological quality was evaluated using the PEDro scale; GRADE profiler software for quality of evidence; and RevMan 5.4 was used for effect size merging and forest plots; publication bias tests and sensitivity analyses were performed using Stata 17.0; and standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% CI were used as the effect statistics. A total of 13 RCTs with 1326 subjects (aged 18-70 years) were included in the literature, with a mean PEDro score of 6.8, and the literature was overall of good methodological quality. Meta-analysis showed that music therapy improved anxiety in breast cancer patients (841 cases), with a combined effect size (SMD = - 0.82, 95% CI [- 1.03, - 0.61] and P < 0.001); and improved depression in breast cancer patients (387 cases) with a combined effect size (SMD = - 0.76, 95% CI [- 1.15, - 0.38], P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed that music intervention with off-site music (757 cases) and music choice of non-self-selected music (537 cases) had the best effect on anxiety improvement, with corresponding combined effect sizes (SMD = - 0.88, P < 0.001; SMD = - 0.83, P < 0.001), respectively; followed by an intervention length of < 30 min (589 cases), a frequency of 2 times/day (382 cases), and intervention period of 2-3 weeks (101 cases) had the best effect on anxiety improvement, and the corresponding combined effect sizes were (SMD = - 0.80, P < 0.001; SMD = - 0.91, P < 0.001; SMD = - 1.02, P < 0.001), respectively; and the music selection was the choice of one's own favourite music among the expert recommendations (219 cases) (270 cases) had the best effect on the improvement of depressed mood, with combined effect sizes of (SMD = - 1.15, P < 0.001; SMD = - 0.71, P < 0.001) and music with an intervention duration of 30 min (287 cases), an intervention frequency of 1 time/day (348 cases), and an intervention period of 2-4 weeks (120 cases), respectively, with corresponding combined effect sizes of (SMD = - 0.75, P < 0.001; SMD = - 0.86, P < 0.001; SMD = - 1.06, P < 0.001), respectively. Music therapy can improve anxiety and depression in breast cancer patients, and the level of evidence is moderate. Although the heterogeneity between studies is high, which may lead to bias in the results, we explored the source of heterogeneity through subgroup and sensitivity analyses, providing a good evidence-based basis for clinical practice. The heterogeneity of anxiety and depression was explored by subgroup analysis, with anxiety due to music duration and music cycle; and depression due to intervention cycles and music duration. Sensitivity analyses also identified music duration and music cycle as contributing to the heterogeneity. Also, this study has some limitations since the included literature did not take into account the duration of the disease, education, and family economic status and did not categorize the age stages. This study found that music therapy improves anxiety and depression in breast cancer patients and the results can be used as a basis for clinical practice and researcher enquiry. This research has been registered on the INPLASY platform ( https://inplasy.com/contact/ ) under the number: INPLASY2023100057.
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Ansiedade , Neoplasias da Mama , Depressão , Musicoterapia , Humanos , Musicoterapia/métodos , Neoplasias da Mama/psicologia , Neoplasias da Mama/terapia , Neoplasias da Mama/complicações , Ansiedade/terapia , Feminino , Depressão/terapia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Adulto , Idoso , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To explore the classification of depressive symptoms in college students and the relationship between those symptoms and physical activity. METHODS: A convenience sampling method was employed to enlist college students from Songjiang University Town in Shanghai to complete in the General Information Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Physical Activity Scale-3. RESULTS: A total of 3541 students were analyzed, averaging 19.34 years of age with a male composition of 53 %. The participants can be classified into four categories, namely: Group 1, which exhibits the most severe depressive symptoms, including suicidal ideation and cognitive symptoms (11.07 %); Group 2, which only manifests cognitive symptoms without suicidal ideation (14.35 %); Group 3, which presents mild depressive symptoms (23.61 %); and Group 4, consisting of normal college students (50.97 %). Students with strained family and interpersonal relationships, high levels of academic stress, and low frequency of social activities were at higher risk for detecting suicidal intention and cognitive symptoms. The level of physical activity was significantly higher in the normal group than in the other groups (all P < 0.001), and only the frequency of exercise was significantly different among the remaining three groups (χ2 = 14.716, P = 0.005). The detection rate of cognitive symptoms was significantly lower when exercising >3 times per week for 30-59 min (OR = 0.740, 95 % CI: 0.590-0.928; OR = 0.596, 95 % CI: 0.427-0.831).The detection rate of suicidal thoughts was significantly lower when exercising 2 times per month to 2 times per week or >3 times per week (OR = 0.585, 95 % CI: 0.404-0.847; OR = 0.392, 95 % CI: 0.258-0.595). CONCLUSION: Suicidal ideation and cognitive symptoms can differentiate between various categories of depressive symptoms among college students. Engaging in physical activity serves as a protective factor against depressive symptoms among college students.
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Depressão , Ideação Suicida , Humanos , Masculino , Depressão/diagnóstico , Depressão/epidemiologia , Depressão/psicologia , China/epidemiologia , Estudantes/psicologia , Exercício FísicoRESUMO
Variations in immune cell counts can trigger depressive symptoms, while physical activity effectively reduces the risk and severity of depressive symptoms. This study, based on the NHANES database, analyzes the relationship between neutrophil count and depressive symptoms and explores the moderating effect of physical activity on this relationship. Cross-sectional data from the NHANES database were extracted, including immune cell counts, PHQ-9 scores for self-assessment of depressive symptoms, and Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) scores (PA). The interrelations among physical activity, neutrophil count, and depressive symptoms were analyzed. After controlling for confounding factors, neutrophil count was found to have a significant role in identifying depressive symptoms with an odds ratio (OR) [95% Confidence Interval (CI)] = 1.13 [1.02, 1.251]; the moderating effect of physical activity on the impact of neutrophil count on depressive symptoms was statistically significant (coefficient = -0.0028, P < 0.05). Neutrophil count may be a significant factor in identifying depressive symptoms in adults. As an effective moderating factor, physical activity can mitigate the impact of neutrophil count on depressive symptoms to a certain extent.
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Depressão , Exercício Físico , Neutrófilos , Humanos , Neutrófilos/imunologia , Depressão/imunologia , Depressão/sangue , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Contagem de Leucócitos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , IdosoRESUMO
Alkaline earth (AE) metal complexes have garnered significant interest in various functional fields due to their nontoxicity, low density, and low cost. However, there is a lack of systematic investigation into the structural characteristics and physical properties of AE-metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). In this research, we synthesized isostructural MOFs consisting of AE4(µ4-Cl) clusters bridged by benzo-(1,2;3,4;5,6)-tris(thiophene-2'-carboxylic acid) (BTTC3-) ligands. The resulting structure forms a truncated octahedral cage denoted as [AE4(m4-Cl)]6(BTTC)8, which further linked to a porous three-dimensional framework. Among the investigated AE ions (Ca, Sr, and Ba), the Ca4-MOF demonstrated good chemical stability in water compared to Sr4-MOF and Ba4-MOF. The N2 adsorption and solid-state UV-vis-NIR absorption behaviors were evaluated for all AE4-MOFs, showing similar trends among the different metal ions. Additionally, the proton conduction study revealed that the Ca4-MOF exhibited ultra-high proton conductivity, reaching 3.52×10-2â S cm-1 at 343â K and 98 % RH. Notably, the introduction of LiCl via guest exchange resulted in an improved proton conduction of up to 6.36×10-2â S cm-1 under similar conditions in the modified LiCl@Ca4-MOF. The findings shed light on the regulation of physical properties and proton conductivity of AE-MOFs, providing valuable insights for their potential applications in various fields.
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A stable lithium metal-organic framework, constructed using a redox-active N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)-1,4-phenylenediamine linker and Li8 cluster-based one-dimensional rod secondary building unit, exhibits good stability and reversible redox activity. The Li8-MOF, which can be oxidized by AgNO3, has the potential to function as an electrochromic device, thereby advancing the development of smart MOF materials.
RESUMO
Accurate detection of dissolved furfural in transformer oil is crucial for real-time monitoring of the aging state of transformer oil-paper insulation. While label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has demonstrated high sensitivity for dissolved furfural in transformer oil, challenges persist due to poor substrate consistency and low quantitative reliability. Herein, machine learning (ML) algorithms were employed in both substrate fabrication and spectral analysis of label-free SERS. Initially, a high-consistency Ag@Au substrate was prepared through a combination of experiments, particle swarm optimization-neural network (PSO-NN), and a hybrid strategy of particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm (Hybrid PSO-GA). Notably, a two-step ML framework was proposed, whose operational mechanism is classification followed by quantification. The framework adopts a hierarchical modeling strategy, incorporating simple algorithms such as kernel support vector machine (Kernel-SVM), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), etc., to independently establish lightweight regression models on each cluster, which allows each model to focus more effectively on fitting the data within its cluster. The classification model achieved an accuracy of 100%, while the regression models exhibited an average correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9953 and the root mean square errors (RMSE) consistently below 10-2. Thus, this ML framework emerges as a rapid and reliable method for detecting dissolved furfural in transformer oil, even in the presence of different interfering substances, which may also have potentiality for other complex mixture monitoring systems.