Evaluation of eyebrow position and upper eyelid laxity after endolift laser treatment.

The periorbital area is one of the most sensitive areas in the face, and many techniques are used to change the eyelid laxity and position of the eyebrows. Recently the use of noninvasive or minimally invasive techniques is developed so, the amount of surgical procedures has decreased. In the present study. We evaluate the effect of Endolift laser as a non-invasive method on upper eyelid laxity and eyebrow position. Nine patients underwent Endolift laser and evaluated for eyelid laxity and change in eyebrow position. Two blinded physicians assessed the cosmetic outcome of improvement in upper eyelid tightening via photography 6 months post-treatment. The physicians evaluated the patient's improvement degree using the photographs by two clinical factors: skin laxity and total cosmetic result. Also, eyebrow height from the center of the pupil (CPEBH), Central eyebrow height (CEBH), Lateral eyebrow height (LEBH), Medial eyebrow height (MEBH) were measured by ImagJ before and 6 months post Endolift laser treatment. Our results showed eyelid laxity and eyebrow height were significantly changed after treatment.

The efficacy and safety of endo-radiofrequency for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa.

BACKGROUND: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic and recurrent disease of the axilla and groin with inflammatory lesions. There is no definitive medication or intervention to cure the disease. Radiofrequency (RF) is a modality to destroy the lesions by transferring heat into the skin. To date, few studies have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of RF at HS. METHODS: This 9-month, prospective, nonrandomized, and single-blinded study is a clinical trial conducted in 10 patients with refractory HS. In all patients, the initial grade of HS was evaluated. The procedure involved treating HS of the axilla with a endo-RF wave device. Post-treatment evaluation included: determination of the severity of the disease by a blinded dermatologist, the degree of patient satisfaction, tolerability in each patient, and complications of the procedure. We also evaluate the recurrence of the disease during a 6-month follow-up. RESULTS: The satisfaction level after the intervention among under-studied cases was excellent and good in six of cases. There was a significant difference in comparing the grading score of patients before and 3 months after receiving RF (P-value: 0.01). Regarding tolerability, eight of the patients could tolerate it. We had no complication after the intervention and four cases had not recurrence during a 6-month follow-up. CONCLUSION: Endo-RF is an effective and safe modality for treating HS however to prevent the recurrence, periodic therapy sessions are needed.

Endo-radiofrequency subcision in the treatment of acne scars: a pilot investigative study.

Acne vulgaris is a common condition, mostly involving teenagers. Post-acne scarring can cause many psychosocial problems. Treatments include topical agents, chemical peels, ablative lasers, fractional lasers, and more invasive approaches like subcision and surgery. We aimed to build on data regarding the efficacy and safety of endo-radiofrequency subcision in treating acne scars. This trial involved 30 patients (26 females and 4 males) suffering from acne scars. Patients were treated with endo-radiofrequency subcision. Outcomes were measured by Goodman and Baron scores (GBA), Patient's Global Assessment (PGA), and Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA). All 30 patients completed the trial. The mean baseline quantitative Goodman and Baron score was 13.2 ± 4.31, which improved to 5.37 ± 2.83 by the end of the study (P < 0.001). A significant improvement was also noted in the Goodman and Baron qualitative assessment of acne scars (P < 0.001). According to the PGA, the improvement rate was 25-50% in most patients (60%), while according to the IGA, the improvement rate was 25-49% in most patients (50%). Eleven patients (36.7%) were satisfied with the treatment process, while the other 19 patients (63.3%) were very satisfied. Side effects were minimal and transient. A single session of endo-radiofrequency subcision is a fairly safe and effective treatment, with a high satisfaction rate among treated patients.

Radiofrequency-assisted subcision combined with polycaprolactone-based dermal fillers in the management of atrophic facial acne scars: A pilot investigative study.

OBJECTIVE: The scar's appearance and psychological burden are the most esthetically challenging issues in acne vulgaris. This study investigated the effectiveness and safety profile of combined radiofrequency-assisted subcision, which, even though effective on both Icepeak and Rolling subtypes, is only mildly effective on boxcar lesions, and polycaprolactone-based dermal filler with collagen stimulation potency in managing atrophic postacne scars. METHODS: Our quasi-experimental single-arm study, after the inclusion of 10 cases over the age of 18 with moderate to severe mixed atrophic facial acne scarring, was carried out in two 3-month separate sessions, during and after the intended intervention of which the experienced lesion improvements and also adverse events were documented. Moreover, all cases were followed for 3 months after the last session, evaluating the differences in the mentioned outcomes. RESULTS: We found the combined intervention to be highly effective in improving the intended outcomes, with the total number of acne lesions (p-value < 0.001), along with the total number of Ice peak (p-value = 0.002), Rolling (p-value < 0.001), and boxcar (p-value = 0.023) lesions demonstrating statistically significant changes. CONCLUSION: Radiofrequency-assisted subcision combined with polycaprolactone-based dermal fillers can be an effective intervention in managing postacne scars. However, we recommend that randomized clinical trials with larger sample sizes be carried out for a more precise conclusion.

Electrical Coupling of Heterotypic Ganglion Cells in the Mammalian Retina.

Electrical coupling has been reported to occur only between homotypic retinal ganglion cells, in line with the concept of parallel processing in the early visual system. Here, however, we show reciprocal correlated firing between heterotypic ganglion cells in multielectrode array recordings during light stimulation in retinas of adult guinea pigs of either sex. Heterotypic coupling was further confirmed via tracer spread after intracellular injections of single cells with neurobiotin. Both electrically coupled cell types were sustained ON center ganglion cells but showed distinct light response properties and receptive field sizes. We identified one of the involved cell types as sustained ON α-ganglion cells. The presence of electrical coupling between heterotypic ganglion cells introduces a network motif in which the signals of distinct ganglion cell types are partially mixed at the output stage of the retina.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The visual information is split into parallel pathways, before it is sent to the brain via the output neurons of the retina, the ganglion cells. Ganglion cells can form electrical synapses between dendrites of neighboring cells in support of lateral information exchange. To date, ganglion-to-ganglion cell coupling is thought to occur only between cells of the same type. Here, however, we show that electrical coupling between different types of ganglion cells exists in the mammalian retina. We provide functional and anatomical evidence that two different types of ganglion cells share information via electrical coupling. This new network motif extends the impact of the heavily studied coding benefits of homotypic coupling to heterotypic coupling across parallel neuronal pathways.

Comparing cannula-based subcision with the common needle method: A clinical trial.

OF TRIAL DESIGN: Treatment of depressed acne scars requires multiple modalities. Although needle subcision is a valuable method, it exhibits mild to moderate efficacy in treatment of deep acne scars owing to the high recurrence rate and other side effects. A total of 100 patients with rolling acne scars were randomly treated using the standard technique of 18 gauge cannula and 27 gauge needle subcision in two parallel groups, and the effect of cannula subcision instead of needle subcision was evaluated in the treatment of rolling acne scars. METHODS: A total of 100 patients were randomly treated using the standard technique of 18 gauge cannula and 27 gauge needle subcision. The outcomes of these procedures were assessed by three blinded dermatologists and by patients' satisfaction. RESULTS: Subcision using the cannula showed good and very good improvement in about 83% of patients (n = 50, P < .05) based on dermatologists investigation and almost no side effects were observed in compared with needle subcision. The response rate was significantly different while using cannula subcision. CONCLUSION: Cannula subcision appears to be a safe and practical technique that can enhance the efficacy of subcision without considerable complications.

New autologous fat implantation technique for face lifting: A pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Autologous fat injection techniques are specially performed to restore the lack of face volume. AIM: However, no reports have focused on the effect of sides of injection on the sagging appearance improvements and facial lifting. This study aimed to evaluate face lifting using the autologous fat injection in to sides of the face as a new technique. METHODS: Ten patients with aging face were involved in this study. The procedure was done in an anaerobic method. To improve the method, to make patients more satisfied and gain better cosmetic outcomes autologous fat was injected on the sides of the face. To give a lifting effect to the face, the fat was injected on the hairline in the temple area, next to the ear, the angel of the jaw and the angel of the mandible leaning behind the ear to cause face lift. The patients were appraised clinically and photographically. RESULTS: The results showed that this autologous fat injection technique has significant improvement in face lifting. CONCLUSION: This new fat injection technique in sides of the face can create superior results on face lifting without any adverse side effects.

Combination of platelet-rich plasma and platelet gel in treatment of resistance androgenic alopecia: A case series study.

BACKGROUND: Androgenic alopecia is a common genetic disorder that characterized by progressive hair follicles and hair atrophy. Despite all available therapeutic techniques, there is low patient satisfaction rate. It seems finding new treatment options for androgenic alopecia is necessary. In the past decade, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), an autologous collection of concentrated platelets with hemostatic and tissue repairing effects, has received developing attention for androgenetic alopecia treatment as a valuable therapeutic technique. METHODS: In this study, 8 patients suffering from resistance androgenic alopecia were enrolled. The PRP and platelet gel were prepared, and a total volume of 10 cc of the combination of PRP and platelet gel were injected in the scalp androgen-related areas using 23-gauge syringe. The treatment was performed one month and 3 months after first injection (three times). The hair pull test was done before treatment. The outcome was evaluated 3, 6, and 9 months after treatment by hair pull test, dermoscopy, photography, and patient's satisfaction. RESULTS: A significant reduction in hair loss was observed before and after treatment. Hair count (density) increased from average number of 72 (hair/cm2 ) to 210 hair/cm2 ). Also, the hair diameter was significantly increased before and after treatment for all patients (p < 0.05). After the treatment, the pull test was significantly decreased in 8 patients (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study supports the combination therapy of PRP and platelet gel for resistance androgenic alopecia treatment. This technique is an uncomplicated, feasible, and cost-effective treatment option for resistance androgenic alopecia, with high patient satisfaction.

Endolift laser as new non-surgical technique for nose remodeling.

BACKGROUND: In the last few years, facial rejuvenation has moved to less invasive or non-surgical techniques because their effects are visible immediately after the treatment, they have shorter recovery time and less pain and patients can go back to their normal life on the same day. Rhinoplasty is a cosmetic procedure that is very difficult to master. The main goal of rhinoplasty is anatomical preservation. One of novel technique for nose remodeling is laser therapy. In this study, the authors evaluate the efficacy of the endolift laser as a technique for nose remodeling. METHODS: A total of eight patients were enrolled and were submitted to endolift laser therapy. The outcomes were measured by photography, three blind board-certified dermatologists assessment, and patients satisfaction. RESULTS: Our results showed that endolift Laser as non-surgical nose remodeling technique is a safe and effective method. Clinical assessment of the physician showed a significant improvement at 6-months follow-up. Also, the patient satisfaction rate was higher in the enrolled participates. Also, no severe side effect was reported. CONCLUSION: The endolift laser technique is practicable, effective, and safe method for non-surgical nose job and has no major complication.

Effect of Endolift laser on upper eyelid and eyebrow ptosis treatment.

Drooping of the upper eyelid and eyebrow (ptosis) is common among people and cause the patients dissatisfaction. Various methods have been developed to treatment of the upper eyelid and eyebrow ptosis. However, the current methods focus on surgery to improve the disorder. But patients are worried about the risks of the procedure, and seeking for a non-invasive alternative method. Therefore, non-invasive methods with consistent efficient improvement are needed, especially for middle-aged patients. This study was conducted of 9 patients who underwent the upper eyelid and eyebrow ptosis. Endolift laser method was used to treat the patients' upper eyelid and eyebrow ptosis. The biometric assessment was used to evaluate the efficiency of the technique. Also the results were evaluated by 3 board-certified dermatologists (blind). Additionally, patients' satisfaction was evaluated at the end of the treatment. The biometric results showed that Endolift laser can increase the thickness, density, and elasticity of the skin in the eyelid area. The patient's satisfaction results showed excellent improvement in the 90% of patients. The results by the dermatologist displayed improvement in about 90% of patient. Endolift laser has been proved efficient and consistent for upper eyelid and eyebrow ptosis rejuvenation and treatment.

Autologous whole fat injection stimulates hair growth in resistant Androgenetic Alopecia: Report of nine cases.

BACKGROUND: The changes in morphology of hair follicle and aberrant cycling of hair follicle are the main reasons of the most common forms of hair loss (alopecia). However, existing alopecia treatments do not specifically target these processes. AIMS: Autologous whole fat injection suggests a paradigm shift that may offer alternative therapies that can be used to prevent hair loss. This study aimed to present clinical cases for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia by autologous whole fat injection in the scalp. METHODS: Nine patients with androgenetic alopecia (7 women and 2 men) were enrolled to our study. After lipoaspiration, autologous whole fat was injected into the patient's scalp. Hair regeneration was evaluated by three clinical tests: the pull test, hair quality, and hair density. RESULTS: For all patients, before and after treatment, the number (density) and diameter of hair were calculated using trichograms. The pull test was also performed. The pictures were obtained before after treatment. CONCLUSION: Our results showed that whole fat injection enormously can increase the level of hair growth.

Effective combination therapy with high concentration of Minoxidil and Carboxygas in resistant Androgenetic alopecia: Report of nine cases.

BACKGROUND: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is widely characterized as the main reason of hair loss which most of the time it has been reported in adults regarding dermatological consultation. Also, it is broadly believed that the progressive miniaturization of hair follicles could be usually different at the age of onset. AIMS: Over the last decade, detecting and understanding newer genetic basis in AGA lead to provide better therapeutic approaches. We have highlighted on an evidence-based method to treat AGA whose incidence is increasing significantly in our country. PATIENTS/METHODS: In this study, 9 adults with AGA including 5 women and 4 men, age range of 25-55 years, were treated with a combination of minoxidil (20%) by micro-needling and carboxytherapy mediated by needling. All cases had a normal physical development. Hair numbers (density) and diameter were calculated using trichograms before and after treatment. Hair growth was assessed by the pull test as well. RESULTS: Our results showed that combination of high concentration of minoxidil and carboxygas extremely can increase the level of hair growth. CONCLUSION: Our treatment effects on the terminal follicles using needling make sticky follicles become progressively smaller as a result of mechanical forces.

Autologous adipose transplantation an effective method to treat alopecia after trauma: a case report.

Finding new therapies for male and female pattern hair loss treatment remains as great interest. The autologous fat grafting technique is a new method, and clinical experience was increased over the past 10-15 years. Adipose tissue is a biologically active and important tissue and can help drive the complex hair growth cycle. Surgeons have previously reported that autologous fat not only have a positive affect for reconstructive volume and esthetics after transplant but can also have positive skin and hair changes post-transplantation. In this study, lipoaspiration of adipose was performed by cannula and scalp injection was done. In this case report, the authors report that scalp injection of adipose tissue has a positive effect on a patient with alopecia after trauma. The findings suggest adipose tissue can be a promising alternative method to treating men and women alopecia.

Experimental evidence of REE size fraction redistribution during redox variation in wetland soil.

The evolution of rare earth element (REE) speciation between reducing and oxidizing conditions in a riparian wetland soil was studied relative to the size fractionation of the solution. In all size fractions obtained from the reduced and oxidized soil solutions, the following analyses were carried out: organic matter (OM) characterization, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations as well as major and trace element analyses. Significant REE redistribution and speciation evolution between the various size fractions were observed. Under reducing conditions, the REEs were bound to colloidal and dissolved OM (<2µm size fractions). By contrast, under oxidizing conditions, they were distributed in particulate (>2µm size fraction), colloidal (<2µm size fraction), organic and Fe-enriched fractions. In the particulate size fraction, the REEs were bound to humic and bacterial OM embedding Fe nano-oxides. The resulting REE pattern showed a strong enrichment in heavy REEs (HREEs) in response to REE binding to specific bacterial OM functional groups. In the largest colloidal size fraction (0.2µm-30kDa), the REEs were bound to humic substances (HS). The lowest colloidal size fraction (<30kDa) is poorly concentrated in the REEs and the REE pattern showed an increase in the middle REEs (MREEs) and heavy REEs (HREEs) corresponding to a low REE loading on HS. A comparison of the REE patterns in the present experimental and field measurements demonstrated that, in riparian wetlands, under a high-water level, reducing conditions are insufficient to allow for the dissolution of the entire Fe nano-oxide pool formed during the oxidative period. Therefore, even under reducing conditions, Fe(III) seems to remain a potential scavenger of REEs.