14N NMR as a General Tool to Characterize the Nitrogen-Containing Species and Monitor the Nitration Process.

The usefulness of 14N NMR spectroscopy was highly underestimated compared with 15N NMR, which usually required tedious and expensive 15N-labeling manipulations. It is of great significance to make the 14N NMR spectroscopy convenient and useful considering 14N nuclei's high natural abundance of 99.6%. Herein, lots of efforts have been made to generalize routine 14N NMR to characterize nitrogen-containing species by tuning the balance between the solubility and viscosity of the samples. Satisfactory 14N NMR spectra of more than 60 nitrogen-containing compounds have been recorded, and the chemical shifts and the peaks' full width at half-maxima of more than 10 nitrogen-based functionalities have been summarized. Successful monitoring of the ortho-selective nitration of aniline has been demonstrated using the 14N NMR protocol developed in this paper, which will help realize the visualization of nitration processes in the industry.

An effective treatment and suspicious adverse reaction to Ibrutinib in a patient diagnosed with splenic B-cell lymphoma/leukaemia with prominent nucleoli: A first case report.

RATIONALE: Splenic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia with prominent nucleoli (SBLPN) is a new classification, which is so rare that it lacks clinical data. PATIENT CONCERNS: An increased proportion of prolymphocytes (84%) in the bone marrow smear. Whole exon sequence analysis revealed a TP53 mutation. DIAGNOSES: Combining the clinical features with laboratory test results led to a diagnosis of SBLPN which was made according to the 5th edition of the WHO classification of hematolymphoid tumors, although the patient was diagnosed with B-PLL when guided by the 4th edition of the WHO classification. INTERVENTIONS: The use of Ibrutinib as an effective treatment. OUTCOMES: The patient was in complete remission after 5 months of Ibrutinib and then died of sudden aortic dissection. LESSONS: Ibrutinib was an effective regimen for SBLPN. Aortic dissection might be considered as a suspicious adverse reaction to Ibrutinib.

15N Solid-State NMR as Bright Eyes to See the Isomerization of the Azo Bond: Revision of Tris(ß-hydroxyl-azo)-benzene to Tris(ß-keto-hydrazo)-cyclohexane in Porous Organic Polymers.

Porous organic polymers (POPs) have aroused great and wide attention from the materials community, while the identification of their precise structures is still very challenging. The well-defined structures are of great importance in understanding the relationship between the structure and function of the polymer materials, though they are sometimes ignored and do not receive enough attention. In this letter, an efficient 15N labeling technique and 15N solid-state NMR (15N-SSNMR) were combined to obtain strong evidence for the presence of the azo bond and keto-hydrazone structure in the solid state. Thus, the structure of tris(ß-hydroxyl-azo)-benzene in previously proposed hydroxylazobenzene polymers was revised to tris(ß-keto-hydrazo)-cyclohexane in TKH-POPs for the first time. In contrast, similar tautomerization did not occur in the azo coupling polymerization of 1,3,5-triaminobenzene and diazonium salts, i.e., tris(ß-amino-azo)-benzene remained in Azo-POPs. This work will open up a window to develop innovative porous organic polymers more efficiently with the aid of 15N-SSNMR.

Irreversible tautomerization as a powerful tool to access unprecedented functional porous organic polymers with a tris(ß-keto-hydrazo)cyclohexane subunit (TKH-POPs).

Porous organic polymers (POPs) have received much attention, due to their multiple potential applications and flexibility in chemical structure design. Creation of a novel chemical structure has been the central task in the research of POPs, which are usually constructed by direct coupling polymerizations. The fascinating rearrangement/tautomerization could lead to some novel structures, which are hard to access by conventional direct coupling polymerizations. Herein, the tautomerization from tris(ß-hydroxyl-azo)benzene to the tris(ß-keto-hydrozo)cyclohexane structure has been proved unambiguously based on an advanced 2D NMR technique such as 15N-1H-HSQC and 1H-1H-NOESY. The crucial tautomerization was used to synthesize TKH-POPs for the first time. The as-synthesized TKH-POP-1 was found to have an adsorption capacity as high as 66.3 mmol g-1 (at 273 K and P/P0 = 0.98) towards acetonitrile vapor, which was the highest among all the reported materials. The general and flexible strategy to make functional POPs with tunable pores such as ultramicropores, micropores and mesopores will help develop interesting functional POPs in the near future.

Distinguishing iron deficiency anemia from thalassemia by the red blood cell lifespan with a simple CO breath test: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Extant indices for distinguishing between iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and thalassemia (Thal) have substantial practical limitations. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the predictive value of red blood cell lifespan (RBCLS), as determined by an automated CO breath test analysis approach, in the differential diagnosis of these two common forms of microcytic hypochromic anemia (MHA). METHODS: RBCLS measurements were conducted in 35 healthy controls (HCs) and 114 patients diagnosed with MHA (IDA, N = 59; and Thal, N = 55) with ELS TESTER that provides a direct RBCLS value read-out. RBCLS between IDA and Thal was compared and evaluated by referring to normal cut-off from the instrument. RESULTS: Compared with that in HCs, RBCLS in IDA and Thal groups was shortened; and median RBCLS was shorter in the Thal group than that in IDA group (33 d versus 79 d, p < 0.001). The median RBCLS in IDA patients with chronic gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding was shorter than that those without GI bleeding (38 d versus 100 d, p < 0.001). Using 75 d as a cut-off, RBCLS had a sensitivity of 96.4% and a specificity of 50.8% for detecting Thal. When GI bleeding patients were excluded from the IDA group, discriminant efficiency of RBCLS was further improved. CONCLUSIONS: MHA with a normal RBCLS is suggestive of IDA, whereas MHA with a significantly shortened RBCLS without signs of chronic GI bleeding is suggestive of Thal.