Abdominal injuries: Online team-based training of senior medical students is preferred over online class-based training.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the application and effect of team-based learning (TBL) based on network platform in teaching surgical abdominal emergency. METHODS: A total of 80 fourth-year medical students from our university's 5-year clinical medicine program were enrolled. They were randomly assigned to two groups: the control group (n = 40) used the online large class teaching method and the experimental group (n = 40) used the online TBL. The teaching effect of web-based TBL was evaluated by collecting the subjective evaluation of the experimental group and the objective test results of both groups through a questionnaire. RESULTS: Online TBL was well-received by most students. More than 80% of them found the teaching method interesting, and more than 90% of them gave a high rating to the improvement of their learning ability with online TBL. The experimental group scored significantly higher than the control group in the objective tests (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The network-based TBL is preferred by most students. TBL curricula are more conducive to medical student learning and engagement and have better learning outcomes.

Internal reuse of methanol-to-olefin wastewater based on micro-channel separation coupling hydrocyclone regeneration.

Methanol-to-olefin (MTO) is a typical new coal chemical industry example. Due to the large volume of generated wastewater, complex composition including catalysts, aromatics and various oxygen-containing compounds, and serious environmental hazard, wastewater recycling is critical for sustainable industrial development and ecological protection. Herein, a swirl regenerating micro-channel separation (SRMS) technology was proposed to integrate deep filtration and hydrocyclone-enhanced regeneration. A small-scale experimental investigation was first conducted to verify the feasibility of the MTO wastewater treatment. A pilot SRMS device with a treatment capacity of 20 m3/h was constructed, and the device's continuous operation effect and stability were comprehensively evaluated. The separation performance of the SRMS device at different solution pH values and the impact of the hydrocyclone-enhanced regeneration of separation media were discussed in detail. At low solution pH values (<7), the SRMS device exhibits an average separation efficiency of 92.0% for fine particulate matter in wastewater, and the median particle size, d50, decreases from 1.55 to 0.6 µm. As the solution pH increases, the repulsive energy barrier for the medium-contaminant and contaminant-contaminant increases, inhibiting the deposition behavior of particulate pollutants. In addition, hydrocyclone desorbs contaminants deposited on the separation media and the average contaminant residual rate decreases from 3.3 to 0.2 wt%. We propose an industrial application for treating and reusing MTO wastewater (200 m3/h) using the SRMS technology based on the experimental results. The costs of the wastewater treatment process are as low as 0.25 CNY/m3, and the wastewater reuse rate is over 97% without chemical consumption. This work can provide an environmentally friendly and economically sustainable approach to the source management of MTO wastewater.

Cooperative physical separation of oil and suspended solids from methanol-to-olefin wastewater: A pilot study.

Methanol-to-olefin (MTO) is an important non-petroleum chemical process for the preparation of light olefins. However, the MTO process consumes copious amounts of water and produces large amounts of untreated effluent. Therefore, the realization of efficient wastewater treatment and recycling is key to the green low-carbon development of MTO. Here, a cooperative process combining swirl regenerating micro-channel separation (SRMS) and combined fibrous coalescence (CFC) technologies was proposed to separate high contents of oil and suspended matter in MTO wastewater. Using a pilot device with a treatment capacity of 1 m3/h, the average oil content in MTO wastewater decreased from 750 mg/L to <30 mg/L, while the average content of suspended matter decreased from 108 mg/L to <15 mg/L. Compared with a commercial MTO wastewater treatment process (olefin production capacity of 0.6 million tons per annum), the proposed method could reduce wastewater discharges and costs by 57% and US$ 0.23 million per annum respectively. Equipment costs and operational energy consumption were also reduced by 30% and >95% respectively. The combined process may provide the basis for the green and sustainable treatment of MTO wastewater and its recycling.

Non-Contact Monitoring of Human Vital Signs Using FMCW Millimeter Wave Radar in the 120 GHz Band.

A non-contact heartbeat/respiratory rate monitoring system was designed using narrow beam millimeter wave radar. Equipped with a special low sidelobe and small-sized antenna lens at the front end of the receiving and transmitting antennas in the 120 GHz band of frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) system, this sensor system realizes the narrow beam control of radar, reduces the interference caused by the reflection of other objects in the measurement background, improves the signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR) of the intermediate frequency signal (IF), and reduces the complexity of the subsequent signal processing. In order to solve the problem that the accuracy of heart rate is easy to be interfered with by respiratory harmonics, an adaptive notch filter was applied to filter respiratory harmonics. Meanwhile, the heart rate obtained by fast Fourier transform (FFT) was modified by using the ratio of adjacent elements, which helped to improve the accuracy of heart rate detection. The experimental results show that when the monitoring system is 1 m away from the human body, the probability of respiratory rate detection error within ±2 times for eight volunteers can reach 90.48%, and the detection accuracy of the heart rate can reach 90.54%. Finally, short-term heart rate measurement was realized by means of improved empirical mode decomposition and fast independent component analysis algorithm.

BRD4 inhibitor and histone deacetylase inhibitor synergistically inhibit the proliferation of gallbladder cancer in vitro and in vivo.

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common malignancy of the bile duct and has a high mortality rate. Here, we demonstrated that BRD4 inhibitor JQ1 and histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) synergistically inhibited the GBC cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that cotreatment with JQ1 and SAHA significantly inhibited proliferation, cell viability and metastasis, and induced apoptosis and G2/M arrest in GBC cells, with only minor effects in benign cells. In vivo, tumor volumes and weights of GBC xenograft models were significantly decreased after treatment with JQ1 or SAHA; meanwhile, the cotreatment showed the strongest effect. Further study indicated that the above anticancer effects was associated with the downregulation of BRD4 and suppression of PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK pathways. These findings highlight JQ1 and SAHA as potential therapeutic agents and their combination as a promising therapeutic strategy for GBC.

Catalyst, Emulsion Stabilizer, and Adsorbent: Three Roles In One for Synergistically Enhancing Interfacial Catalytic Oxidative Desulfurization.

A Pickering emulsion catalytic system was proposed to reduce the transfer limitation between two immiscible reactant phases for enhancing the kinetics of heterogenetic oxidative desulfurization (ODS). By loading phosphotungstic acid (HPW) nanoparticles on a novel pyridine-based porous organic polymer of P[tVPB-VP x], the amphiphilic catalysts were produced and used as the stabilizer for Pickering emulsions. Specifically, an ultrafast ODS rate was realized in the HPW/P[tVPB-VP1]-stabilized Pickering emulsion catalytic system, and just within 15 min, 100 ppm dibenzothiophene (DBT) was completely oxidized by H2O2. Because the obtained hierarchical porous HPW/P[tVPB-VP x] catalysts showed both high adsorption capacity of DBT and excellent catalytic ODS performance, the catalysts assembling at the interface of emulsions provided this fastest reaction dynamics. Playing three roles of catalyst, emulsion stabilizer, and adsorbent, the synergistic functional catalytic emulsions can be a promising approach to significantly boost the heterogeneous catalytic ODS performance.

Inhibition of stromal-interacting molecule 1-mediated store-operated Ca2+ entry as a novel strategy for the treatment of acquired imatinib-resistant gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Imatinib has revolutionized the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST); however, primary and secondary resistance to imatinib is still a major cause of treatment failure. Multiple mechanisms are involved in this progression. In the present study, we reported a novel mechanism for the acquired resistance to imatinib, which was induced by enhanced Ca2+ influx via stromal-interacting molecule 1 (STIM1)-mediated store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). We found that the STIM1 expression level was related to the acquired resistance to imatinib in our studied cohort. The function of STIM1 in imatinib-resistant GIST cells was also confirmed both in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that STIM1 overexpression contributed to SOCE and drug response in imatinib-sensitive GIST cells. Blockage of SOCE by STIM1 knockdown suppressed the proliferation of imatinib-resistant GIST cell lines and xenografts. In addition, STIM1-mediated SOCE exerted an antiapoptotic effect via the MEK/ERK pathway. The results from this study provide a basis for further research into potential novel therapeutic strategies in acquired imatinib-resistant GIST.

Enhancement of PM2.5 Cyclone Separation by Droplet Capture and Particle Sorting.

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is one of the most serious environmental pollutants worldwide, and efficient separation technologies are crucial to the control of PM2.5 emission from industrial sources. We developed a novel method to enhance PM2.5 cyclone separation by droplet capture and particle sorting using a vertical reverse rotation cyclone (VRR-C, inlet particle-sorting cyclone). The separation performances of common cyclone (CM-C) without droplets, CM-C with droplets, and VRR-C with droplets were compared in terms of energy consumption, overall separation efficiency, particle grade efficiency, outlet particle concentration, and outlet particle size distribution. The results show that the highest overall separation efficiencies were 51.7%, 89.9%, and 94.5% for CM-C without droplets, CM-C with droplets, and VRR-C with droplets, respectively, when the mean diameter of the inlet particles was 3.2 µm and the inlet particle concentration was 500 mg/m3. The PM2.5 grade efficiency of VRR-C with droplets was as high as 89.8%, which was 6.2% and 49.9% higher than those of CM-C with droplets and CM-C without droplets, respectively. This novel method was first successfully applied to the deep purification of product gas in the methanol-to-olefin (MTO) industry, for which the separation efficiency of fine catalyst particles was considerably improved.

Orai1 mediates tumor-promoting store-operated Ca2+ entry in human gastrointestinal stromal tumors via c-KIT and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors originate from interstitial cells of Cajal, the pacemaker cells of the gut. Ca2+ regulates the pacemaker activity of interstitial cells of Cajal. Store-operated Ca2+ entry mediates the majority of Ca2+ entry in most cancer cells and may be a factor in regulating intracellular Ca2+ in interstitial cells of Cajal and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Therefore, a blockade of this mechanism may affect the progression of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Orai1 is the pore subunit of store-operated Ca2+ channels. Here, we reported that Orai1 was overexpressed in gastrointestinal stromal tumor tissues and was positively correlated with a high-risk grade in gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients. Furthermore, upon Orai1 silencing, the functional store-operated Ca2+ entry in gastrointestinal stromal tumor cells was decreased, indicating that the function of store-operated Ca2+ entry was mediated by Orai1. Inhibition of Orai1-mediated store-operated Ca2+ entry by Orai1 silencing or store-operated Ca2+ entry blockers (SKF-96365 and 2-aminoethyl diphenylborate) induced obvious cell proliferation suppression, cell-cycle distribution, and apoptosis stimulation in GIST-T1 cells. Conversely, Orai1 overexpression increased store-operated Ca2+ entry and cell proliferation in GIST882 cells. In addition, we found that activation of c-KIT and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway participated in the oncogenic functions of Orai1-mediated store-operated Ca2+ entry in gastrointestinal stromal tumor cells. These results revealed that Orai1-mediated store-operated Ca2+ entry is critical for gastrointestinal stromal tumor cell proliferation via c-KIT and ERK signaling pathway activation. Orai1-mediated store-operated Ca2+ entry plays an oncogenic role and may be a novel prognostic factor and therapeutic target for patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Knockdown of GGCT inhibits cell proliferation and induces late apoptosis in human gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Gamma glutamylcyclotransferase (GGCT) has been proved to be involved in various cancers, but the biological function of GGCT in gastric cancer is still largely unknown. METHODS: The expression level of GGCT was evaluated by informatics analyses based on the Oncomine database. GGCT gene was then effectively knocked down via lentivirus mediated short hairpin RNA (shRNA) system. Then a series of functional assays, including MTT, colony formation and flow cytometry analysis were conducted on gastric cancer cells following GGCT knockdown. RESULTS: We found GGCT is commonly up-regulated in gastric cancer tissues. Furthermore, MTT analysis showed that GGCT depletion significantly inhibited cell proliferation in MGC80-3 and AGS cells. Colony formation assay revealed that depletion of GGCT reduced the colony formation ability in gastric cancer cells. What's more, cell cycle analysis showed that depletion of GGCT induced gastric cancer cell cycle arrested G2/M phase. More importantly, cell apoptosis analysis further revealed that GGCT inhibition induced early and late cell apoptosis in gastric cancer. CONCLUSION: This study suggests GGCT is essential for gastric cancer proliferation and its downregulation may provide a potential anticancer therapy for gastric cancer.

Coarse-Grained Simulation of Polycation/DNA-Like Complexes: Role of Neutral Block.

Complexes formed by polycations and DNA are of great research interest because of their prospective application in gene therapy. Whereas the applications of multiblock based polycation generally exhibit promising features, a thorough understanding on the effect of neutral block incorporated in polycation is still lacking. By using coarse-grained dynamics simulation with the help of a simple model for solvent mediated interaction, we perform a theoretical study on the physicochemical properties of various polyplexes composed of a single DNA-like polyanion chain and numbers of linear polycationic chains with different modifications. By analyzing various properties, we find the hydrophobic/hydrophilic modifications of linear polycations may bring an improvement on one aspect of the properties as gene carrier but also involve a trade-off with another one. In particular, polycation with a hydrophobic middle block and a hydrophilic tail block display distinct advantages among di- and triblock linear polycations as gene carrier, while careful design of the hydrophobic block should be made to reduce the zeta potential. The simulation results are compared with available experimental data displaying good agreements.

Concurrent neoadjuvant endocrine therapy with chemotherapy in HR+HER2- breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The role of simultaneous neoadjuvant endocrine therapy in chemotherapy in HR+HER2- breast cancer continues to be controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to further evaluate the effectiveness and safety of this strategy for HR+HER2- breast cancer patients. Trials in which HR+HER2- breast cancer patients were randomly assigned to either single or simultaneous endocrine-assisted neoadjuvant chemotherapy were eligible for inclusion. The prime endpoint was the pathological complete response (pCR) rate. The clinical response (complete clinical response: CR, partial response: PR) and safety were secondary endpoints. A random effect model was used for statistical analysis. A total of 690 patients from five trials were included. PCR rate was 10.43% in the concomitant endocrine group and 7.83% in control group (OR=1.37, 95%CI 0.72-2.60, P=0.34). The CR rate was 15.50% for the concomitant endocrine group and 10.26% for the control group. (OR=1.61, 95%CI 0.99-2.61, P=0.05). ORR (CR+PR) was significantly higher in the simultaneous endocrine group compared to the control group (79.53% (272/342) vs. 70.09% (239/341) , OR=1.70, 95%CI 1.19-2.43, P=0.004) and the meta-analysis approach showed no heterogeneity (I2 = 0%, P=0.54) . Tamoxifen concurrent with chemotherapy could increase the frequency of adverse events, whereas aromatase inhibitors (AIs) would not. Our findings provide evidence for the efficacy and safety of concurrent neoadjuvant endocrine therapy (AIs) with chemotherapy as an available option to achieve a higher clinical response rate for HR+HER2- breast cancer patients compared with chemotherapy alone with low toxicity. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022340725.

Ascorbic acid-induced warfarin resistance after breast cancer surgery: a case report and literature review.

Warfarin is an anticoagulant that requires INR-based dosage adjustment. Ascorbic acid may impair warfarin effectiveness according to limited literature. We report a rare case of a 63-year-old woman with an aortic valve replacement history who developed warfarin resistance after taking ascorbic acid for anemia following breast cancer surgery. Despite increasing the warfarin dose from 6 mg to 10 mg daily, her INR remained below the therapeutic range. After ruling out other causes of warfarin resistance, we discontinued ascorbic acid and observed a rapid increase in INR to target values. The temporal relationship and the absence of other confounding factors confirmed the causality of ascorbic acid in this case. We recommend that patients concomitantly taking vitamin C and warfarin should monitor their INR values closely and discontinue ascorbic acid as soon as possible if they exhibit signs of warfarin resistance.

3D MXene/PVA Aerogel Enabling a Dendrite-Free Zn Metal Anode.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries have attracted widespread attention due to their low cost and high safety. Unfortunately, their commercial applications are greatly inhibited by the negative effects of zinc dendrites and side reactions. A solution that utilizes a 3D host can help mitigate these issues. In this paper, we present a 3D host that is composed of an aerogel scaffold with a poly(vinyl alcohol) and MXene structure. The embedded Zn can be densely packed inside the host due to its zincophilic properties. During cycling, the fluorine-based functional groups on the surface of MXene were able to react with the electrolyte to form the ZnF2 solid electrolyte interphase, which can effectively protect the composite anode. As a result, the symmetrical battery was capable of stable cycling for >300 h at a high current density of 10 mA cm-2. More impressively, the assembled full cell retained 93.86% after 800 cycles at a current density of 5 A g-1. This work provides an effective idea for improving the cycling performance of aqueous zinc-ion batteries.

Updated findings of skin flap thickness and residual breast tissue after mastectomy for breast cancer: a systematic review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: There is limited evidence on the ideal retention thickness of skin flap in mastectomy. Residual breast tissue (RBT) after mastectomy still represents an unknown risk for local recurrence or new breast cancer lesions. We made this systematic review to identify the optimal flap after mastectomy with minimal complications and better oncological safety. METHODS: A systematic review was performed using MEDLINE search in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library with the search terms relevant to skin flap thickness and residual breast tissue in breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy. RESULTS: Twenty-one studies were included of which fifteen studies enrolled 3814 patients who received mastectomy, and additional six studies were based on cadavers or breast specimens. Four studies confirmed the presence of the superficial fascial layer (Camper's fascia) which can theoretically be used as an anatomical marker for flap retention during mastectomy. Two other studies confirmed Camper's fascia deficiency to a greater or lesser extent. The flap thickness ranged from 3.8 mm to 23 mm in 2692 patients of 7 studies, which was related to BMI, breast size, and examination modalities. Two retrospective and one prospective studies confirmed flaps exceeding 5 mm could significantly increase postoperative complications. Nine studies including 1122 patients explored the association among flap thickness, RBT, and complications, 3 studies of which confirmed excessive flap thickness could cause a significant increase in RBT, which proved to be a potential risk factor for local recurrence in 3 studies. Flaps beyond 5 mm were also found to significantly increase the chance of local recurrence in 4 studies. CONCLUSION: Camper's fascia can serve as an ideal demarcation between fat and breast tissue based on most current studies. 5 mm thickness of the flap retention in mastectomy is recommended if Camper's fascia is absent or obscure, through which better cosmetic outcomes and less RBT can be achieved.

Enhancement of the classification and recovery process of fine mineral particles via a newly developed volute feed hydrocyclone.

Ore resources in the mining process form a large number of unmanageable tailings, mostly inhalable fine mineral particles, into the environment will cause serious pollution, and recycling is a precious resource. The cyclone classification provides the possibility for the recovery and exploitation of fine particles, but the recovery and utilization rate of conventional cyclone separation is seriously low, and the performance urgently should be optimized. In the present study, a new type of volute feed was proposed to strengthen the classification and recovery process of fine mineral particles. Combined with numerical simulation and experimental research, the effects of various structural parameters and operating parameters on the flow field distribution, particle motion, and classification performance were systematically examined. The obtained results reveal that the new volute feed structure can effectively reduce the internal turbulence and improve the flow field stability and particle classification efficiency. Compared with the traditional hydrocyclone, the classification efficiency of fine particles with new feed structure increases by 10-18%. Increasing underflow diameter and feed pressure and reducing overflow diameter and feed concentration are also beneficial to lessening classification particle size and enhancing classification performance. The currently achieved outcomes can provide valuable guidelines for further development of novel hydrocyclones.

Contribution of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and ADC Values to Papillary Breast Lesions.

This study aimed to evaluate the role of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values obtained from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the differentiation of malignant from benign papillary breast lesions. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of 94 breast papillary lesions confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed. The differences in ADC values of papillary lesions under different enhancements in MRI and different pathological types were investigated, and the ADC threshold was determined by the receiver operating characteristic curve for its potential diagnostic value. The mean ADC values in borderline and malignant lesions (1.01 ± 0.20 × 10-3 mm2/s) were significantly lower compared to benign lesions (1.21 ± 0.27 × 10-3 mm2/s) (P < 0.05). The optimal threshold of the ADC value could be 1.00 × 10-3 mm2/s. The ADC values were statistically significant in differentiating between benign and malignant papillary lesions whether in mass or non-mass enhancement (P < 0.05). However, there were no statistical differences in the ADC values among borderline or any other histological subtypes of malignant lesions (P > 0.05). Measuring ADC values from DWI can be used to identify benign and malignant breast papillary lesions. The diagnostic performance of the ADC value in identifying benign and malignant breast lesions is not affected by the way of lesion enhancement. However, it shows no use for differential diagnosis among malignant lesion subtypes for now. The ADC value of 1.00 × 10-3 mm2/s can be used as the most appropriate threshold for distinguishing between benign and malignant breast papillary lesions.

Axillary lymph node dissection combined with radiotherapy for trichilemmal carcinoma with giant lymph node metastasis: A case report.

Background: Trichilemmal carcinoma (TC) is a rare malignancy with a poor outcome if local recurrence and distant metastasis occur. There is no treatment strategy for such a disease. Case presentation: We reported a complicated case of TC in the right lower abdomen with ipsilateral axillary and inguinal lymph node metastases. After surgery and radiotherapy, there has been no recurrence or metastasis in the follow-up to date. Conclusion: We believe that even though considered a tumor of low malignant potential, TC still has the risk of recurrence and metastasis, and the lymph node status should be identified if a high suspicion or diagnosis is made. Regional lymph node dissection followed by local radiotherapy is recommended as the optimal treatment strategy for patients with lymph node metastases of TC. Screening for metastasis and close follow-up are indispensable for improving prognosis.

Uteroplacental-Cerebral Ratio: A Doppler Parameter for Prognostic Prediction of Late-Onset Fetal Growth Restriction: Single Center Prospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to elucidate the accuracy of Doppler parameters in predicting the prognosis of late-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR). Methods: This was a prospective study of 114 pregnancies. Doppler parameters, including the cerebroplacental ratio and pulsatility index (PI) in the middle cerebral, umbilical, uterine artery, were recorded. The new uteroplacental−cerebro ratio (UPCR) was constructed as the ratio of (umbilical artery + mean of the left and right uterine artery) to middle cerebral artery PI. Logistic regression analyses and receiver operating characteristic curves were performed. Results: Adverse outcomes occurred in 37 (32%) neonates. The z values of the middle cerebral artery PI and cerebroplacental ratio were lower (p < 0.001), while the z values of the umbilical artery PI, mean uterine artery PI, and UPCR (p < 0.001) were higher in late-onset FGR in those with compared to those without adverse outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that only UPCR was independently associated with adverse outcomes (p < 0.001). For predicting the prognosis of late-onset FGR, UPCR showed a fair degree of accuracy (area under the curve [AUC], 0.824). Conclusion: The new UPCR, reflecting the impact of placental impedance from both fetal and maternal sides on fetal well-being, improves the accuracy of prognostic prediction for late-onset FGR.

Tailoring a Phenolic Resin Precursor by Facile Pre-oxidation Tactics to Realize a High-Initial-Coulombic-Efficiency Hard Carbon Anode for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

As the leading anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), hard carbon (HC) still faces the puzzle of low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) in achieving commercialization. From the perspective of precursors, the low ICE has been attributed to the large specific surface area and porosity produced by the rapid decomposition of polymers during the carbonization. Therefore, increasing the cross-linking degree of precursors will be an effective shortcut to improve the ICE. Herein, a facile pre-oxidation tactic was successfully employed to tailor the cross-linking degree of phenolic resin precursors to precisely control the specific surface area of the obtained HC. As the pre-oxidation time is increased, the optimal HC with the lowest specific surface area shows an ICE elevated by 22.2% (from 62.5 to 84.7%) compared to the original pre-oxidation HC and delivers a high reversible capacity of 334.3 mAh g-1 at 20 mA g-1. Besides, the pre-oxidation also introduces abundant carbonyl groups, which increase the disorder degree of HC and supply abundant adsorption sites of Na+, thus enhancing the rate performance. When matched with a layered O3-NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode, the full cell achieves an energy density of ca. 256.2 Wh kg-1 with superior rate performance. This work sheds light on the positive effect of pre-oxidation in elevating the ICE of HC and provides effective guidance to achieve a high ICE for other HC materials.