Everyday technology use among people with Parkinson's disease.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the relevance of and ability to use everyday technology (ET) among people with Parkinson's Disease (PD) and to explore associations between ET use and global cognition and motor ability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional data was collected from 34 people with PD using the Short Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire+ (S-ETUQ+), the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). RESULTS: Out of 41 ETs in the S-ETUQ+, the mean number perceived as relevant was 27.5 (min-max 19-35, SD 3.6). A good ability to use ET was reported where many ETs had a challenge measure below participants' ability to use them. A strong positive correlation between the ability to use ET and global cognition (MoCA) (r = .676, p = <0.01) was shown. CONCLUSIONS: ET use has become integrated into everyday life and is important for participation. This study showed a high relevance of and good ability to use ET and a correlation between ET use and global cognition among people with mild-moderate PD. Evaluation and support to use ET in PD are important for maintaining independence and participation, especially among those with cognitive decline.

Associations between community participation and types of places visited among persons living with and without dementia: risks perception and socio-demographic aspects.

INTRODUCTION: Increasingly, literature has focused on community participation in places visited by persons living with and without dementia. Earlier research indicates that multiple factors, including socio-demographic aspects and risk perception may influence community participation. AIM AND METHODS: This cross-sectional, explorative study aims to inquire into how places visited, socio-demographic aspects and risks perception are associated with self-rated community participation for persons living with and without dementia (n = 70) in Switzerland. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews with questionnaires (ACT-OUT, MoCA, sociodemographic). First, we investigated whether the number of places visited was correlated with self-rated participation; then we added socio-demographic and risks perception factors with a bivariate analysis; and searched for a model using multinomial logistic regressions. RESULTS: For the group of participants living with dementia, risks of falling (p = .014) and of getting lost (p = .037) were significantly associated with self-rated participation. For the group of participants living without dementia, visiting places outside the home was significantly associated with self-rated participation, especially visiting places in domain D/places for recreational and physical activities (p = .005). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The results of exploring multiple factors and searching for a model highlights the complexity of community participation as a construct. Risks and visiting places for recreational and physical activities seem to play a role in self-rated participation. Mobile interviews might be better suited to gain in-depth understanding on community participation for persons living with dementia.

Perceived risks, concession travel pass access and everyday technology use for out-of-home participation: cross-sectional interviews among older people in the UK.

BACKGROUND: The health-promoting qualities of participation as an opportunity for social and cognitive engagement are well known. Use of Everyday Technology such as Smartphones or ATMs, as enabling or disabling factors for out-of-home participation is however under-researched, particularly among older people with and without dementia. Out-of-home participation involves participation in places and activities outside of a person's home, in public space. Situated within the context of an increasingly technological society, the study investigated factors such as perceived risks, access to a concession travel pass and use of Everyday Technologies, and their relationship with out-of-home participation, among older people in the UK. METHODS: One hundred twenty-eight older people with and without dementia in urban and rural environments in the UK, were interviewed using the Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside Home (ACT-OUT) Questionnaire and the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ). Associations between Everyday Technology use, perceived risk of falling, functional impairment, access to a concession travel pass and out-of-home participation were investigated using ordinal regression. RESULTS: A higher probability of Everyday Technology use (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.492; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.041-1.127), perceived risk of falling outside home (OR = 2.499; 95% CI = 1.235-5.053) and, access to a concession travel pass (OR = 3.943; 95% CI = 1.970-7.893) were associated with a higher level of out-of-home participation. However, other types of risk (getting lost; feeling stressed or embarrassed) were not associated with out-of-home participation. Having a functional impairment was associated with a low probability of a higher level of out-of-home participation (OR = .470; 95% CI = .181-1.223). Across the sample, 'outside home' Everyday Technologies were used to a higher degree than 'portable' Everyday Technologies which can be used both in and outside home. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides insights into perceived risks, access to a concession travel pass and use of Everyday Technologies, and their relationship with out-of-home participation, among older people in the UK. Increased knowledge about factors associated with out-of-home participation may help to guide targeted health and social care planning.

Experiences from using eHealth in contact with health care among older adults with cognitive impairment.

RATIONALE: Since health care is facing challenges, with fewer caregivers providing care to more clients, eHealth plays a crucial role. Through eHealth, people are expected to be more involved in their own care. On the part of health care users, eHealth requires use of everyday technology such as telephones and computers, and services through the Internet which might be challenging for older adults with cognitive impairment. AIM: To investigate experiences of using eHealth in contact with health care among older adults with cognitive impairment. METHOD: Individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine participants, aged 65-84 years, with cognitive impairments of varying origins. A constructivist Grounded Theory approach was used. Data collection and analysis were performed simultaneously using a constant comparative method. ETHICAL ISSUES: Ethical approval (Dnr: 2014/906-32) was obtained from the regional ethical committee, Stockholm. RESULTS: The core category, the eHealth staircase supported by habits, is presented as a model that visualises the result. The model includes three steps showing different ways of being in contact with health care through the use of technological devices and services that mirrors different levels of complexity of eHealth use as follows: (i) Analogue use, (ii) One-way-use and (iii) Interactive use. The participants' location on the eHealth staircase was affected by several aspects described in three categories united by habits; A stable relationship with technology: a prerequisite for use; The importance of interpersonal relationships within health care and Being supported by significant others: a prerequisite in contact with health care. CONCLUSIONS: Older adults with cognitive impairments seemed to prefer common and less complex eHealth when contacting health care. Therefore, it is necessary that health care providers offer different possibilities for patients to contact them, that is, both through the Internet and by personal telephone service.

A psychometric evaluation of the Swedish version of the Research Utilization Questionnaire using a Rasch measurement model.

Evidence-based practice and research utilisation has become a commonly used concept in health care. The Research Utilization Questionnaire (RUQ) has been recognised to be a widely used instrument measuring the perception of research utilisation among nursing staff in clinical practice. Few studies have however analysed the psychometric properties of the RUQ. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the three subscales in RUQ using a Rasch measurement model. This study has a cross-sectional design using a sample of 163 staff (response rate 81%) working in one nursing home in Sweden. Data were collected using the Swedish version of RUQ in 2012. The three subscales Attitudes towards research, Availability of and support for research use and Use of research findings in clinical practice were investigated. Data were analysed using a Rasch measurement model. The results indicate presence of multidimensionality in all subscales. Moreover, internal scale validity and person response validity also provide some less satisfactory results, especially for the subscale Use of research findings. Overall, there seems to be a problem with the negatively worded statements. The findings suggest that clarification and refining of items, including additional psychometric evaluation of the RUQ, are needed before using the instrument in clinical practice and research studies among staff in nursing homes.

Differences in the use of everyday technology among persons with MCI, SCI and older adults without known cognitive impairment.

BACKGROUND: To use valid subjective reports sensible to cognitive decline is vital to identify very early signs of dementia development. Use of everyday technology (ET) has been shown to be sensitive to differentiate adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from controls, but the group with subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) has not yet been examined. This study aims to investigate and compare self-perceived ability in ET use and number of ETs reported as actually used in a sample of older adults with SCI, MCI, and older adults with no known cognitive impairment, i.e. METHODS: Older adults with MCI (n = 29), SCI ( n = 26), and controls (n = 30) were interviewed with the short version of the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (S-ETUQ) to capture self-perceived ability in ET use and number of ETs used. To generate individual measures of ability to use ET, Rasch analysis was used. The measures were then compared group-wise using ANCOVA. The numbers of ETs used were compared group-wise with ANOVA. RESULTS: Controls versus SCI and MCI differed significantly regarding ETs reported as used, but not SCI versus MCI. Similarly, in ability to use ET, controls versus SCI and MCI differed significantly but not SCI versus MCI. CONCLUSIONS: The significantly lower numbers of ETs reported as actually used and the lower ability in SCI and MCI groups compared to controls suggest that ET use is affected already in very minor cognitive decline. This indicates that self-reported ET use based on the S-ETUQ is sensitive to detect changes already in SCI.

Can the everyday technology use questionnaire predict overall functional level among older adults with mild cognitive impairment or mild-stage alzheimer's disease? - a pilot study.

INTRODUCTION: The number of older adults living with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasing and they are often expected to live in their own homes without support, despite limited ability to perform daily life activities. The Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ) has proven to be able to separate these groups and might also have potential to predict overall functional level (need of assistance in daily life activities) among them. AIM: To investigate whether the ETUQ can predict overall functional level among older adults with MCI or mild-stage AD. METHOD: Participants were older adults with a mean age of 76 years with MCI (n = 28) or mild-stage AD (n = 39). A three-step scale indicating (i) independence, (ii) need for minimal assistance or (iii) need for moderate to maximal assistance in daily life was dichotomised in two ways and used as outcome variables in two logistic regression models. Predictors in both models were perceived ability to use everyday technology (ET) and amount of relevant everyday technologies measured by the ETUQ. Ethical approval was obtained from the regional Ethical Committee. RESULT: Perceived ability to use ET discriminated individuals who were independent or in need of minimal support from those in need of moderate to maximal assistance (OR = 1.82, p < 0.01, confidence interval = 95%; 1.76-2.82). The amount of relevant everyday technologies discriminated individuals who were independent from those in need of assistance at any level (OR = 1.39; p < 0.01; confidence interval = 95%; 1.11-1.75). CONCLUSION: Both perceived ability to use ET and amount of relevant everyday technologies had potential to predict overall function but at different levels. The findings support the predictive validity of the ETUQ and suggest further research for the development of clinical cut-off criteria.

Using a screening tool to evaluate potential use of e-health services for older people with and without cognitive impairment.

OBJECTIVES: E-health services are increasingly offered to provide clients with information and a link to healthcare services. The aim of this study is to investigate the perceived access to and the potential to use technologies important for e-health services among older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) and controls. METHOD: The perceived access to and perception of difficulty in the use of everyday technology (such as cell phones, coffee machines, computers) was investigated in a sample of older adults (n = 118) comprising three subsamples: adults with MCI (n = 37), with mild AD (n = 37), and controls (n = 44) using the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ). The use of seven technologies important for e-health services was specifically examined for each subsample and compared between the subsamples. RESULTS: The findings demonstrated that the older adults in all subsamples perceive access to e-health technologies and potentially would use them competently in several e-health services. However, among persons with AD a lower proportion of perceived access to the technology was described, as well as for persons with MCI. CONCLUSION: To make the benefits of e-health services available and used by all clients, it is important to consider access to the technology required in e-health services and also to support the clients' capabilities to understand and use the technologies. Also, the potential use of the ETUQ to explore the perceived access to and competence in using e-health technologies is a vital issue in the use of e-health services.

Ability to manage everyday technology after acquired brain injury.

PURPOSE: To investigate and describe how persons with an acquired brain injury (ABI) manage everyday technology (ET) in their daily activities and to explore whether the ability to manage ET was related to the severity of the disability. METHOD: Eighty-one persons with ABI were observed while managing ET by using the Management of Everyday Technology Assessment (META). The Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) was used to assess the severity of disability after the ABI. A computer application of a Rasch measurement model was used to generate measures of the participants' ability to manage ET and the measures were compared groupwise with analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). RESULTS: The degree of severity of disability had a significant main effect on the ability to manage ET. The groups with severe and moderate disability exhibited a significantly lower ability to manage ET compared to the group with good recovery. CONCLUSION: The result indicates that the ability to manage ET in daily activities can be related to the global severity of disability after ABI. This demonstrates the importance of considering the ability to manage ET to support the performance of activities at home, at work and in society in persons with ABI.

Individual variability and environmental characteristics influence older adults' abilities to manage everyday technology.

BACKGROUND: The ability to manage everyday technology (ET), such as computers and microwave ovens, is increasingly required in the performance of everyday activities and participation in society. This study aimed to identify aspects that influence the ability to manage ET among older adults with and without cognitive impairment. METHODS: Older adults with mild Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment and without known cognitive impairment were assessed as they managed their ET at home. Data were collected using the Management of Everyday Technology Assessment (META). Rasch-based measures of the person's ability to manage ET were analyzed. These measures were used as dependent variables in backward procedure ANOVA analyses. Different predefined aspects that could influence the ability to manage ET were used as independent variables. RESULTS: Three aspects had a significant effect upon the ability to manage ET. These were: (1) variability in intrapersonal capacities (such as "the capacity to pay attention and focus", (2) environmental characteristics (such as "the impact of the design") and (3) diagnostic group. CONCLUSIONS: Variability in intrapersonal capacities seems to be of more importance than the actual level of intrapersonal capacity in relation to the ability to manage ET for this sample. This implies that investigations of ability to manage ET should also include intraperson variability. Additionally, adaptations in environmental characteristics could simplify the management of ET to support older adults as technology users.

Accessing public space in the digital society: relationship between the use of everyday technology and places visited outside the home after acquired brain injury.

PURPOSE: In the digital society, people need to make use of a range of everyday technology (ET) when engaging in activities in various places outside home. The aim of this study was to describe and compare the use of ET and places visited outside the home and, also, to describe the relationship between them in people with different severity of disability after acquired brain injury (ABI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Instruments addressing ET use, places visited outside the home and severity of disability were used to assess 74 individuals with ABI. Relationships were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: A significantly higher use of personal ET related to public space and public space ET, a higher ability to use ET and more places visited outside the home was found in those with good recovery (GR) compared to those with moderate disability/severe disability (MD/SD). The use of ET was significantly correlated with places visited in the total sample and in those with MD/SD, but for those with GR, no significant correlations were found. CONCLUSIONS: To facilitate participation after ABI, the relationship between the use of ET and places visited outside the home needs to be assessed in rehabilitation.Implications for rehabilitationDigitalization has increased the need of everyday technology (ET) when visiting various places in society.The use of ET was positively significantly correlated with the total number of places visited outside the home in the sample of people with acquired brain injury (ABI).Those with severe or moderate disability after their ABI used significantly fewer ET and visited fewer places compared to those with good recovery.Evaluation of the use of ET and places visited outside the home is important in rehabilitation to support participation after ABI.

Does the purpose matter? A comparison of everyday information and communication technologies between eHealth use and general use as perceived by older adults with cognitive impairment.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Everyday information and communication technologies (EICTs) are increasingly being used in our society, for both general and health-related purposes. This study aims to compare how older adults with cognitive impairment perceive relevance and level of EICT challenge between eHealth use and general use. METHODS: This cross-sectional study includes 32 participants (65-85 years of age) with cognitive impairment of different origins (due to e.g., stroke or dementia). The Short Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire+ (S-ETUQ+) was used, providing information about the relevance of EICTs and measuring the EICT level of challenge. Data were analysed with descriptive statistics, standardized z-tests and Fisher's exact tests. The significance level was set to p < .05. RESULTS: The result shows that the perceived amount of relevant EICTs for eHealth use was lower in all 16 EICTs compared to those of general use. About the perceived level of challenge, a significant difference was detected in one of the seven included EICTs between eHealth use and general use. CONCLUSIONS: In this sample, all EICTs were perceived as having lower relevance for eHealth use compared to general use, suggesting that the purpose of using an EICT affects the perceived relevance of it. Also, once an EICT is perceived as relevant and used for eHealth purposes, there seem to be little to no differences in perceived challenge compared to the same EICT used for general purposes.Implications for rehabilitationAll stakeholders, including health care providers, need to be aware of the hindrances that come with digitalization, making it challenging to many citizens to make use of digital solutions.It is of great importance that social services including eHealth services be tailored to suit the individual/target group.Older adults may need support and an introduction to EICTs to discover the potential relevance of the specific device and/or service.

Bridging gaps in the design and implementation of socially assistive technologies for dementia care: the role of occupational therapy.

Dementia is a global health challenge, and people living with dementia (PLWD) are especially susceptible to reduced engagement in meaningful occupations, including social participation. In the past few decades, socially assistive technologies continue to be developed amidst a rapidly evolving technological landscape to support the social health of PLWD and their caregivers. Examples include social robots, virtual reality, smart home technology, and various digital technologies, such as mobile applications for tablets and smartphones. Despite an increasing body of research and interest in this field, several gaps relating to the design and implementation process of socially assistive technologies continue to undermine their relevance for PLWD in daily life. In this paper, some of these gaps are highlighted and the role of occupational therapy in the design and implementation of socially assistive technology is presented. In the design process, occupational therapists are uniquely skilled to advise and advocate for the tailoring and personalisation of technology to address the occupational needs of PLWD. In the implementation of socially assistive technologies, occupational therapists are skilled to educate, train, and conduct ongoing evaluations with PLWD and their caregivers, to incorporate socially assistive technologies into their routine and daily lives. We recommend that occupational therapists should continue to be acquainted with such technologies through continuous professional development and educational curricula. Moreover, we highlight the necessary collaboration between occupational therapists, technology developers, and researchers to enhance the process of designing and implementing socially assistive technology, so that their relevance for PLWD and their caregivers can be maximised.Implications for rehabilitationDevelopers and designers of socially assistive technology should consider the disease trajectory of different types of dementia, as well as the different needs, abilities, preferences, occupations and routines of people living with dementia (PLWD) and/or their caregivers.Collaborations between technology developers, researchers, and occupational therapists should take place iteratively throughout the process of designing and implementing socially assistive technology to maximise their relevance and applicability for people living with dementia and their caregivers.To continue enhancing the current role of occupational therapy in socially assistive technology provision, occupational therapists should keep up to date with socially assistive technology that are being developed to support the social health of PLWD.

Out-of-home participation among people living with dementia: A study in four countries.

Social participation in out-of-home activities is important for people living with dementia, yet little is known about such participation. The aim of this study was to explore and compare out-of-home participation among people living with dementia in four countries by assessing different types of places of participation visited or no longer visited. A cross-sectional design was used to gather self-reported experiences concerning out-of-home participation among people with mild stage dementia living in Canada (n = 29), Sweden (n = 35), Switzerland (n = 35) and the UK (n = 64). Interviews were conducted using the Participation in ACTivities and places OUTside the Home for older adults (ACT-OUT) instrument. Participants still visited 16 (Median) places out of a possible total of 24, and they had abandoned 5 (Median) places. Neighbourhood was the place most participants still visited, whereas 50% of them had stopped going to a Sports facility, with no significant differences between country samples regarding how many participants had abandoned that place (Fisher's exact test, p > 0.01). There were significant differences between country samples in the frequency of present participation and abandonment of the Hospital, Dentist's office, Cemetery, Garden, and Forest (Fisher's exact test, all p < 0.01). Although the participants still visited a variety of places, they had stopped going to places previously visited, which indicates reductions in participation, posing an inherent risk to well-being. The similarities and differences across samples from the four countries suggest that healthcare services and access to public transport may contribute to the complex interactional process of out-of-home participation for people living with dementia. The findings highlight the need for initiatives targeting specific types of places to support continued participation in society, especially places at a higher risk of abandonment such as places for recreation and physical activity.

Social Citizenship Through Out-of-Home Participation Among Older Adults With and Without Dementia.

There is limited empirical knowledge about how older adults living with dementia enact their social citizenship through out-of-home participation. This study aimed: (a) to investigate out-of-home participation among older adults with and without dementia in four countries and (b) to compare aspects of stability or change in out-of-home participation. Using a cross-sectional design, older adults with mild-to-moderate dementia and without dementia, aged 55 years and over, were interviewed using the Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside the Home questionnaire in Canada (n = 58), Sweden (n = 69), Switzerland (n = 70), and the United Kingdom (n = 128). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a two-way analysis of variance. After adjustment for age, diagnosis of dementia and country of residence had significant effects on total out-of-home participation (p < .01). The results contribute to policies and development of programs to facilitate social citizenship by targeting specific activities and places.

The use of everyday information communication technologies in the lives of older adults living with and without dementia in Sweden.

Background: Increasingly services and interventions involve everyday information communication technologies (EICTs) in provision, however, use of EICTs among people with dementia is little known. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relevance, use, and ability to use EICTs between a group of older adults with dementia and a comparison group with no known cognitive impairment.Method: Interviews with 35 people with dementia, 34 comparison participants using the standardized Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire. Variables were compared using descriptive statistics, t-tests and correlation analyses.Results: Median 7 EICTs (maximum 31) were relevant to the group with dementia; significantly less than the comparison group's 11 (p< .05, d= 0.64). The difference in use appeared more pronounced (group with dementia 5, comparison group 10.5; p< .001, d= 0.93). Large, significant relationships were evident between ability to use technology, and relevant or used EICTs in the group with dementia. No such relationships in the comparison group.Conclusion: Differences in the amounts of EICTs relevant and used among people with and without dementia are further reflected in the dementia group's ability to use technology. Accommodating the demands that EICTs place on users and harnessing the dominant EICT relevancies and abilities of people with dementia better contributes towards an inclusive, dementia-friendly society.

Test-retest reliability of the short version of the everyday technology use questionnaire (S-ETUQ).

Background: Everyday technologies (ET) such as smart phones, and internet banking are increasingly incorporated into daily activities. Therefore, valid assessments are needed to identify ability in ET use and to design and evaluate interventions.Aims: To evaluate and compare the stability over time (test-retest reliability) of measures generated with the short version of the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (S-ETUQ) in older adults with cognitive impairment or mild dementia.Materials and Methods: Data was collected with S-ETUQ at two occasions (m = 20.9 days in between) in a sample of (n = 73) older adults with cognitive impairment of different origin (n = 38) or mild dementia (n = 35). Stability of each participant's S-ETUQ measure was examined using standardised difference z-comparisons. The test-retest reliability coefficient of the S-ETUQ measures was determined by Intraclass Correlation Coefficients. Comparisons were performed using Mann-Whitney u-tests.Results: The S-ETUQ measures were statistically stable between the two occasions. Hence, the group of persons with cognitive impairment demonstrated slightly higher stability and fewer differences compared to the group with mild dementia. The ICCs (0.82-0.90) indicated good to excellent agreement.Conclusions: S- ETUQ can be used with older people with cognitive impairments of varying degree to gather reliable and precise information regarding their use of ET.

Patterns of participation: Facilitating and hindering aspects related to places for activities outside the home after stroke.

Background: Being engaged in activities in places outside the home after a stroke can be challenging. Knowledge about what characterize places outside the home is important to support participation.Objectives: To explore patterns of participation in places for activities outside the home after stroke and whether these patterns were associated with personal and environmental aspects.Material and methods: Sixty-three people with stroke were interviewed using the Participation in Activities and Places Outside Home (ACT-OUT) questionnaire. A two-step cluster analysis was used to identify patterns of participation and non-parametric test was used to explore potential associations to the patterns of participation.Results: Four clusters of patterns of participation, based on frequency, familiarity of the place/the way to the place and perceived distance, were identified. The patterns were significantly associated with type of place, activity domain, retained or abandoned participation, transportation and being accompanied by someone. The severity of disability was significantly associated with groups of individuals with different patterns of participation.Conclusions: Different combinations of aspects facilitated and hindered whether or not participation changed. To support people with stroke in their endeavour to retain or recapture participation, social support is important to consider in relation to transportation, activities and places outside the home.

Smartphone-Based Experience Sampling in People With Mild Cognitive Impairment: Feasibility and Usability Study.

BACKGROUND: Daily functioning of people with cognitive disorders such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is usually depicted by retrospective questionnaires, which can be memory-biased and neglect fluctuations over time or contexts. OBJECTIVE: This study examines the feasibility and usability of applying the experience sampling method (ESM) in people with MCI to provide a detailed and dynamic picture of behavioral, emotional, and cognitive patterns in everyday life. METHODS: For 6 consecutive days, 21 people with MCI used an ESM app on their smartphones. At 8 semi-random timepoints per day, participants filled in momentary questionnaires on mood, activities, social context, and subjective cognitive complaints. Feasibility was determined through self-reports and observable human-technology interactions. Usability was demonstrated on an individual and group level. RESULTS: Of the 21 participants, 3 dropped out due to forgetting to carry their smartphones or forgetting the study instructions. In the remaining 18 individuals, the compliance rate was high, at 78.7%. Participants reported that momentary questions reflected their daily experiences well. Of the 18 participants, 13 (72%) experienced the increase in awareness of their own memory functions as pleasant or neutral. CONCLUSIONS: Support was found for the general feasibility of smartphone-based experience sampling in people with MCI. However, many older adults with MCI are currently not in possession of smartphones, and study adherence seems challenging for a minority of individuals. Momentary data can increase the insights into daily patterns and may guide the person-tailored development of self-management strategies in clinical settings.

Social Participation in Relation to Technology Use and Social Deprivation: A Mixed Methods Study Among Older People with and without Dementia.

Social participation is a modifiable determinant for health and wellbeing among older people; however, social participation is increasingly dependent on technology use. This study investigated social participation in relation to Everyday Technology use and social deprivation of the living environment, among older people with and without dementia in the United Kingdom. Sixty-four people with dementia and sixty-four people without dementia were interviewed using standardized questionnaires: The Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside Home Questionnaire and Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire. A mixed methods approach integrated statistical analyses and content analysis of free-text responses, through data visualizations. Small, statistically significant associations were found between social participation and Everyday Technology use outside home, for participants with dementia (Rs = 0.247; p = 0.049) and without dementia (Rs = 0.343; p = 0.006). A small, statistically significant association was identified between social participation and social deprivation in the living environment, among only participants with dementia (Rs = 0.267, p = 0.033). The content analysis and graphical joint display revealed motivators, considerations that require extra attention, and strategies for managing social participation. The results underline how Everyday Technology use can be assistive to social participation but also the need to consider social deprivation of the living environment, especially among people with dementia.