RESUMO
Metabolic profiling analysis with LC-ESI-QTOF-MS was utilized to separate and identify 186 putative major metabolites demonstrating significantly different levels in 15 strawberry cultivars grown in Finland or Estonia. Principal component analysis showed close clustering of genetically related samples grown in Estonia, and hierarchical cluster analyses highlighted differences and similarities in their metabolic profiles driving separation between cultivars with specific metabolic phenotypes. Phenolic acids, flavonoids, flavan-3-ol derivatives, terpenes, and many types of glycosidically bound aroma and flavor precursors showed clear variation between strawberry cultivars. These cultivar-specific differences in the levels of major potentially bioactive phytochemicals in strawberries suggests that cultivar selection is essential for breeding strawberry cultivars with optimal phytochemical compositions contributing to possible functional properties and good cultivation and sensory qualities.
RESUMO
Foliar selenium (Se) treatment of garlic at concentrations of 10, 50, and 100 µg of Se/mL was carried out in open field conditions in 2008 and 2009 in Estonia. Bulb weight and yield structure, content of total Se, S, N, P, K, Ca, and Mg, ascorbic acid content (AAC), pungency, total phenolics, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined. The highest level of Se decreased total S, K, and Ca in both years; no negative impact on bulb weight was observed. In 2009 Se10 treatment had significantly more bulbs with the largest diameter compared to the other treatments. In 2008, the AAC was decreased by Se50 and the content of total phenolics by all Se treatments; however, TAC was increased. Foliar Se fertilization of garlic at rates of 10-50 µg of Se/mL can be recommended to increase the number of large bulbs and increase bulb antioxidant capacity.