The Collapsible Light Trap: a portable Pennsylvania Light Trap for collecting aquatic insects.

A Collapsible Light Trap (CLT) for collecting insects, particularly aquatic insects, is described here. CLT is a modified Pennsylvania Light Trap with the advantage of being collapsible and lightweight to be carried in a small backpack and very easy to set up in the field. CLT is equipped with LED light strip wrapped around a PVC tube and can be connected to a regular 12 V / 7 Ah battery, running for more than 48 uninterrupted hours. Complete CLT weighs 0.8-1.0 kg, depending on the metal used, and the battery weighs around 2 kg, being easily transportable to more remote collecting areas. Over the years, CLTs have been used for collecting and describing the diversity of aquatic insects from Brazil, particularly caddisflies. Depending on the locality, only one trap for one night can collect over a thousand insect specimens and more than 200 individuals of caddisflies.

Two new species of Thraulodes Ulmer, 1920 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae) from Southeast Brazil.

Two new species of Thraulodes Ulmer, 1920 are described from Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, based on male and female imagos. Thraulodes luisae sp. nov. differs from all other species of the genus by the short and wide penes spines, turning up to apex; triangular shape of styliger plate with median projection abrupt and short with rounded apex; abdominal and legs color pattern; and presence of 2-3 weakly marked cross veins basal to bullae. Thraulodes pinga sp. nov. differs from all other species of the genus by the wide shape of styliger plate with median projection short with wide base and truncated apex; abdominal and legs color pattern; and presence of 1 weakly marked cross vein basal to bullae. 

Three new species and new distributional records of Oecetis McLachlan 1877 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae: Leptocerinae) from Brazil.

The genus Oecetis is widespread over the world, being most diverse in tropical areas, especially in the Australian Region. Of about 400 described species, only 34 occur in the Neotropical Region. Herein, we describe and illustrate three new species of Oecetis from Brazil: Oecetis angelae sp. nov., O. danielae sp. nov. and O. iara sp. nov. Furthermore, O. doesburgi, O. dominguezi, and O. knutsoni are recorded for the first time in Brazil. Also, we provide new state records for 7 species: O. amazonica, O. connata, O. excisa, O. fibra, O. iguazu, O. inconspicua, and O. paranensis.

New species of the caddisfly genus Alterosa Blahnik 2005 (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae: Philopotaminae) from Brazil.

Alterosa Blahnik 2005 contains 23 described species distributed in southern and southeastern Brazil. Twelve new species in the caddisfly genus Alterosa are described from Brazil: Alterosa affinis sp. nov., A. bandeira sp. nov., A. bilanceolata sp. nov., A. caissara sp. nov., A. capixaba sp. nov., A. catarinae sp. nov., A. graciosa sp. nov., A. inappendiculata sp. nov., A. morato sp. nov., A. paranaensis sp. nov., A. ruschii sp. nov., and A. spiesae sp. nov. Illustrations of the male genitalia, descriptions, and diagnosis are provided for each of the new species. In addition, new distribution records in Brazilian states are given for A. caparaonensis, A. flinti, A. intervales and A. marinonii.

The genus Buenoa Kirkaldy, 1904 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha: Notonectidae) in northern Brazil: inventory, new records, and new species.

The genus Buenoa contains 69 described species, 15 occurring in the North Region of Brazil. Here we present new records for the States of Pará, Amazonas, Roraima, and Rond6nia. We examined 16 species: B. amnigenoidea Nieser, 1970, B. amnigenopsis Nieser, 1975, B. amnigenus White, 1879, B. exilidens Barbosa, Nessimian & Ferreira-Keppler, 2010, B. dilaticrus Barbosa, Nessimian & Ferreira-Keppler, 2010, B. femoralis (Fieber, 1851), B. fuscipennis (Berg, 1879), B. incompta Truxal, 1953, B. konta Nieser & Pelli, 1994, B. macrotrichia Truxal, 1953, B. platycnemis (Fieber, 1851), B. salutis Kirkaldy, 1904, B. tarsalis, Truxal, 1953, B. tibialis Truxal, 1957, B. truxali Nieser, 1968, and B. unguis Truxal, 1953; and a new species, B. deplanatylus Barbosa & Nessimian sp. nov. We found no material of four species with bibliographic records for the region: B. communis Truxal, 1953, B. pallens (Champion, 1901), B. pallipes (Fabricius, 1803), and B. paranensis Jaczewski, 1928.

Description of the nymph of Massartella alegrettae Ulmer, 1943 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae) with a key to Massartella Lestage, 1930 nymphs.

The South American genus Massartella Lestage, 1930 is composed of five species. Massartella alegrettae Ulmer, 1943 is the only species with the nymph unknown. In this paper, we describe the nymph of M. alegrettae based on specimens from the state of São Paulo, Brazil. This is the first record of the species from southeastern Brazil. The nymph can be easily recognized by the gills present on segments I-V, with dark gray membrane and without apical processes.

Two new species of Xiphocentronidae (Trichoptera) and their bionomics in Central Amazonia, Brazil.

Two new Xiphocentronidae species are described, Machairocentron falciforme sp. nov. and Xiphocentron (Antillotrichia) sclerothrix sp. nov. Illustrations of the males, females and pupae are presented. Adults were obtained through the emergence of pupae in the laboratory and from collections in traps suspended 1 m above the water in four streams in Presidente Figueiredo, Manaus and Barcelos municipalities in Amazonas state, and Oiapoque municipality in Amapd state, Brazil. Larvae inhabiting submerged substrates and on stream banks were collected in order to determine the feeding habits by examining gut contents. Larvae of both species are practically indistinguishable; the list of material observed in the gut content therefore refers to both species. Larvae of analyzed species have scraper feeding habits.

A new species of Balera Young and redescription of Habralebra gillettei Young (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae) from Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil.

Balera fiuzai sp. nov. is described based on male specimens obtained from light trap collections at Mata do Paraíso, Municipality of Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. An identification key to the species of Balera is given. Additionally, Habralebra gillettei Young is redescribed from the same locality. These specimens of H. gillettei differ somewhat from previously described specimens, but are considered intra-specific variations. Both genera, Balera Young and Habralebra Young, are recorded from Minas Gerais State for the first time.

Kempnyia Puri, a new species of Perlidae (Plecoptera) from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Kempnyia puri sp. nov. is described from male specimens from Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil. This species is distinguished from its congeners by the male genitalia bearing moderately long and curved hooks with apex directed laterad and a large and rounded dorsal projection of the penial ring.

Thraulodes bonito sp. nov. (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Rio de Janeiro State, Southeastern Brazil.

A new species of Thraulodes Ulmer, 1920 is described from Rio de Janeiro. The species resembles the recently published Thraulodespelicanus Mariano and Froehlich, 2011 (in Mariano et al. 2011) due to the length and width of the penes. However, Thraulodes bonito sp. nov. differs from this and all other species of the genus by the wide penes, the triangular shape of the styliger plate with median projection short and apex rounded, the abdominal color pattern and the presence of 1-3 weakly marked cross veins basal to bullae. The new species is described based on male imagos, female subimagos and nymphs.

Taxonomic diversity of Ochrotrichiinae (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) from Peru with the description of ten new species, a new distributional record, and an updated checklist.

We describe here ten new species of Ochrotrichiinae from southern Peru in genera Metrichia (7 new species), Ochrotrichia (1 new species), and Rhyacopsyche (2 new species). In addition to describing and illustrating male genitalia of the new species, we also highlight diagnostic features from antennae, head setal warts, and wing venation. These structures have received little attention in taxonomic studies of Hydroptilidae, and we think they may be useful in future morphological studies involving the family. We also record O. puyana for the first time from Peru, which was previously known only from Ecuador. Comments on the distribution of the Peruvian Ochrotrichiinae are also provided, along with a distributional map and an updated checklist of the species recorded in the country. This work revealed a total of 56 species of Ochrotrichiinae from Peru.

Faunistic catalog of the caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) of Parque Nacional do Itatiaia and its surroundings in southeastern Brazil.

The Atlantic Forest is considered one of the world's biological diversity hotspots, and is increasingly threatened by the rapid destruction and fragmentation of its natural areas. The caddisflies (Trichoptera) of Itatiaia massif, an Atlantic Forest highland area, are inventoried and cataloged here. The catalog is based on examination of bibliographies, field work on many localities of Itatiaia massif (including Parque Nacional do Itatiaia - PNI), and the entomological collection Professor José Alfredo Pinheiro Dutra (DZRJ), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. A total of 92 species are recorded, representing about 17% of the known Brazilian Trichoptera fauna. Leptoceridae, Hydropsychidae, and Philopotamidae are the families most represented. The high species richness, as well as the remarkable patterns of species distribution, may be related to the characteristics of Mantiqueira mountain range.

New long-horned caddisfly genus and species of Leptoceridae (Insecta: Trichoptera) from Brazil.

Ibyacerina caparao new genus, new species (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) is described and illustrated from specimens collected at Serra do Capara, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The monotypic genus is characterized by tibial spur formula 0,2,2; preanal appendages originating from a single base with a median process; tergum X broad, heavily sclerotized, saddle-like, wider at apex, and upturned, bearing small stout setae; inferior appendages each 3-branched, setose; and phallic apparatus tubular, curved slightly ventrad, with pair of lateral processes. Phylogenetic Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses based on concatenated cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase (CAD) partial sequences (1,504 bp) including representatives of 38 leptocerid genera positioned Ibyacerina gen. nov. with good support within Leptocerinae. However, due to low branch support of most relationships among genera within the clade of Leptocerinae, except Mystacidini, Setodini, and Leptocerini, its close affinities and tribal placement are still unknown.

The immature stages of Phylloicus obliquus Navás, 1931 (Insecta: Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae).

Larva and pupa of Phylloicus obliquus Navás are associated, described, illustrated and compared with other Neotropical species of the same genus. The P. obliquus larva differs from the others due to the pattern of distribution of muscle scars on the head, mandibles with two teeth, and a dense row of long yellow setae on the inner margin. The pupa differs from other Phylloicus pupae by the sequence and shape of tergal abdominal hook plates. The case of P. obliquus larvae is composed of rectangular fragments of vegetal material with uniform shape and always arranged in overlapping layers. Larvae were found in a small second order Atlantic Forest stream.

Leptoceroidea (Insecta: Trichoptera: Integripalpia) from Serra do Caparaó, Southeast Brazil, including a new species of Atanatolica Mosely (Leptoceridae).

Serra do Caparaó is an impressive mountain range between the states of Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo, Southeast Brazil, inserted within the Atlantic Forest biome, and has a mosaic vegetation composed mainly by Dense Ombrophilous Forest and rupicolous vegetation of high-altitude grasslands. This study contributes to increasing the knowledge on the Leptoceroidea fauna of the Serra do Caparaó. Herein, we describe and illustrate a new species of Leptoceridae, Atanatolica bandeira sp. nov. and provide additional data on the richness and distribution of Leptoceroidea from Parque Nacional do Caparaó and surrounding areas. The distribution of some species is expanded. Fourteen and four species are recorded for the first time from Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais states, respectively.

New species of Helicopsyche von Siebold 1856 (Trichoptera: Helicopsychidae) from Brazil, including the redescription of Helicopsyche (Feropsyche) planorboides Machado 1957.

Helicopsyche has about 270 extant species widely distributed, with highest species diversity in tropical and subtropical areas. Currently, the genus is divided into six subgenera, with only two of them occurring in the Neotropical region. In Brazil, 28 species of Helicopsyche have been recorded, being nine in Cochliopsyche and 19 in Feropsyche. In this paper, we describe, diagnose and illustrate six new species of Helicopsyche subgenus Feropsyche from Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil: Helicopsyche bendego sp. nov., H. daome sp. nov., H. dinoprata sp. nov., H. luziae sp. nov., H. petri sp. nov., and H. shaamunensu sp. nov. Furthermore, H. (F.) planorboides is redescribed based on the holotype and additional specimens; the type series of this species is now deposited in the collection of the Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Finally, Helicopsyche (F.) catoles, H. (F.) guara and H. (F.) planorboides are reported for the first time from Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, the last one also listed for Espírito Santo state, Brazil.

Phylloicus mirabilis (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae), a new species from Rio de Janeiro state, southeastern Brazil.

Phylloicus Müller 1880 is an endemic Neotropical genus of Calamoceratidae characterized by adults that have diurnal to crepuscular habits. Currently, the genus contains 57 species, with 23 of these species recorded from Brazil. Herein, a new species of Phylloicus is described and illustrated based on specimens collected in Malaise traps from Southeast Region, Brazil. The new species can be characterized by the unusual lateral membranous lobes of abdominal segments IV-VII, metathoracic tibiae with brushes of setae and distal emargination, and the wide and long coremata on abdominal pleura VII. Otherwise, the genital structure is similar to that of Phylloicus monneorum Dumas Nessimian 2010, being distinguished by the subtrapezoidal tergum X, the globose harpago of the inferior appendages, and the moustache-shaped phallotremal sclerite.

A new species of Smicridea McLachlan 1871 (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) from the Caatinga biome and new distributional records from Brazil.

A new species of Smicridea (Smicridea) McLachlan 1871 is described and illustrated based on specimens collected from the Caatinga biome, in Sete Cidades National Park, Piauí state, and Ubajara National Park, Ceará state, northeastern Brazil. Based on phallus morphology, Smicridea (Smicridea) caatinga sp. nov. belongs to the S. nigripennis Group and can be distinguished from other species in this group due to the phallus having two ventral sclerotized projections and, when expanded, two dorsal membranous lobes and one ventrolateral membranous lobe with two spines on the apex. New distributional records of Smicridea species are provided for different Brazilian states: S. (S.) aequalis Banks 1920 for Ceará and Piauí, S. (Rhyacophylax) coronata Flint 1980 for Rio Grande do Sul and Piauí; S. (R.) jundiai Almeida Flint 2002 for Mato Grosso; S. (R.) marlieri Flint 1978 for Roraima; S. (R.) palmar Sganga 2005 for Goiás; S. (S.) paranensis Flint 1983 for Ceará and Piauí; and S. (R.) spinulosa Flint 1972 for Rio Grande do Sul. Furthermore, S. (S.) erecta Flint 1974b is recorded for the first time for Brazil, in Amazonas state. [Zoobank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3C2892F9-D430-492B-98DA-A48569253A63].

New species and new geographical record of Ochrotrichia Mosely 1934 Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) from Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil.

Ochrotrichia, with about 160 extant species in the New World, is the most diverse genus assigned to the Ochrotrichiinae. Despite its diversity, only eight species were previously recorded from Brazil, only one from Rio de Janeiro state. In this paper, we describe three new species from Parque Nacional da Tijuca, an Atlantic Forest area at Rio de Janeiro. Ochrotrichia nematomorpha sp. nov. is placed within the O. xena Group, having a plate-like tergum X, with an unusual phallus which is slender and pointed apically. Ochrotrichia sagitta sp. nov. and O. taunay sp. nov. belong to the O. aldama Group, each having a divided tergum X, but being distinguished from the others in this group by the arrowhead-like apex of left lateral process of tergum X (O. sagitta) and the presence of two dorsal spine-like projections on tergum X (O. taunay). Furthermore, O. caatinga Souza, Santos Takiya, 2014 is reported for the first time from Rio de Janeiro state.