RESUMO
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of a short, cooled storage before cryopreservation on sperm progressive motility (PM) and compare the effect of different centrifugation methods on post-thaw PM of stored samples. Semen was diluted in chilling extender and aliquoted in 6 protocols: i) Standard centrifugation (SC) followed by freezing; ii) Single Layer Centrifugation (SLC) followed by freezing; iii) Storage for 8 h/5 °C before SC; iv) Storage for 8 h/5 °C before SLC; v) Storage for 8 h/15 °C before SC; and vi) Storage for 8 h/15 °C before SLC. PM was assessed before centrifugation, after centrifugation, and post-thawing. Stallions were classified as "good freezers" (GF) or "bad freezers" (BF). The PM in samples immediately frozen was greater than in the stored ones (71.98 ± 14.2, 52.91 ± 17.8, 53.93 ± 18.9 for no storage, 5 ºC storage and 15 ºC storage, respectively) (PË 0.0001). There was an effect of storage condition (p Ë 0.0001), centrifugation method (p Ë 0.0001), and freezability (P=0.0016), with an interaction between them (P= 0.0004), on PM after centrifugation. Post-thaw PM was greater in samples treated by SLC than in samples processed by SC, for all storage conditions (p Ë 0.05). All BF stallions 'showed post-thaw PM Ë 30 % when samples were previously stored. Storage at 5 ºC or 15º C for 8 h maintains an appropriate quality in GF stallions. Applying a sperm selection technique as SLC is suggested to improve post-thaw motility, allowing GF straws to be frozen after storage, although BF semen should be prepared by SLC immediately after collection.
Assuntos
Preservação do Sêmen , Sêmen , Cavalos , Masculino , Animais , Preservação do Sêmen/veterinária , Preservação do Sêmen/métodos , Espermatozoides , Criopreservação/veterinária , Criopreservação/métodos , Centrifugação/veterinária , Centrifugação/métodosRESUMO
The malignant adenomyoepithelioma is a rare mammary tumor in women and uncommon in cats with only one report in this species. In this case report, the histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of six cases of malignant adenomyopithelioma in the feline mammary gland are described. Microscopic evaluation of tumors showed dense cellular neoplastic proliferation, composed of malignant myoepithelial and epithelial cells, formed by varied arrangements and presenting papillary, tubular and solid nest proliferation. Immunohistochemistry was performed for markers Ki67, Cox-2, RE, RP, p63 and HER-2. All cases were positive for p63, confirming the myoepithelial nature of neoplastic cells. The diagnosis of malignant adenomyopithelioma was made possible through the association between histopathological characteristics and immunohistochemical results.(AU)
O adenomioepitelioma maligno é uma neoplasia mamária rara em mulheres e incomum em gatas, possuindo apenas uma descrição nessa espécie. Neste relato de caso, são descritas as características histopatológicas e imuno-histoquímicas de seis casos de adenomioepitelioma maligno na glândula mamária felina. A avaliação microscópica dos tumores demonstrou proliferação neoplásica densamente celular, composta por células mioepiteliais e epiteliais malignas dispostas em padrão papilar, tubular e ninhos sólidos. Foi realizada técnica de imuno-histoquímica para os marcadores Ki67, Cox-2, RE, RP, p63 e HER-2. Todos os casos foram positivos para p63, confirmando a natureza mioepitelial das células neoplásicas. O diagnóstico de adenomioepitelioma maligno foi possível por meio da associação entre as características histopatológicas e os resultados de imuno-histoquímica.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Gatos , Adenomioepitelioma/diagnóstico , Adenomioepitelioma/veterinária , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterinária , Neoplasias Mamárias Animais/diagnósticoRESUMO
La caries es una enfermedad infecciosa y contagiosa que por tener un a alta prevalencia a nivel mundial afectando tanto a niños como adultos, es necesario buscar y evaluar nuevas alternativas de tratamiento y prevención, que permitan mejorar la salud bucal de toda la población afectada, en donde el profesional debe estar involucrado.En cuanto a los métodos preventivos se encuentran los barnices con fluoruros y los derivados de la caseína, que se hallan en los productos lácteos, dentífricos y chicles, siendo de gran utilidad para pacientes pediátricos.Aunado a ello, se están utilizando actualmente, diversos métodos para la eliminación de la caries dental que permiten realizar procedimientos poco invasivos y que pueden ser aplicados en pacientes pediátricos o con discapacidad debido a que no requieren la utilización de anestesia local, ni instrumental rotatorio, mejorando la adaptación a la consulta y además obteniendo resultados favorables con respecto a las técnicas convencionales.Los diferentes procedimientos pueden ser mecánicos, químicos-mecánicos y de otros tipos como el láser que en conjunto conforman los métodos no invasivos. Ellos permiten una amplia variedad de opciones dependiendo de la población a la cual vayan dirigidos, tomando en cuenta el acceso a servicios de salud, estatus socio-económico, edad y requerimientos a corto plazo para evitar la extensión de las lesiones que implica perdidas tempranas de estructuras dentales que afectan la salud integral del individuo.
Dental caries is an infectious and contagious disease with an elevated prevalence in children and adults around the world. For that reason it is necessary to evaluate the new methods of prevention and treatment to improve bucal health in this population.In relation to the preventive methods, there are the fluoride varnish and casein derivates that can be in the milk, the tooth pastes and chewing gum and can be use to improve children´s bucal health.Nowadays there are many new methods that are using to eliminate caries in a non-invasive way. Many of them do not need the use of local anesthesia or rotatory handpieces and represent a good alternative to the behavibucal management of pediatric patients.The several methods can be mechanical, chemical & mechanical and others like laser that constitute the non-invasive methods. They give to the professional many options depending to some factors of the patients like age, social and economical status, possibility to access to health services and other requirements to avoid the extension of the caries lesions and the dental structure loss.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Cárie Dentária/complicações , Cárie Dentária , Cárie Dentária/terapia , Fluoretos Tópicos/administração & dosagem , Fluoretos Tópicos/uso terapêutico , Saúde Bucal , Cariogênicos , Caseínas , Forramento da Cavidade Dentária , OdontopediatriaRESUMO
The Williams-Beuren syndrome (SWB), also known as Williams syndrome, is a contiguous gene deletion of the region 7q.11.23. The main clinical characteristics are typical faces, supravalvular aortic stenosis, failure to thrive, short stature, transient neonatal hypercalcemia, delayed language, friendly personality, hyperacusis and intellectual disability. The diagnosis of SWB is confirmed by the detection of micro deletion by different techniques of molecular cytogenetics, FISH, MLPA or polymorphic markers. This study assessed the verbal intelligence quotient (IQ) and performance and visuo-spatial skills in children and adults with WBS. The composed group was of 31 WBS patients (19 M and 12 F), whose ages ranged from 9 to 26 years (M 14.45 y). All patients had the diagnosis confirmed molecularly. The tests used were the WISC-III, WAIS-III and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test. The results indicated a total IQ ranged from 51 to 86 (M 63): 22 with mild intellectual disability, 4 with moderate intellectual disability, 4 borderlines and 1 below the normal media. All patients had marked visual-spatial deficits. The results suggest nonverbal reasoning, visuo-spatial perception, spatial representation, working memory, motor planning and executive functions are very affected in this group.
El síndrome de Williams-Beuren (SWB), también conocido como síndrome de Williams, es un síndrome de deleción de genes contiguos de la región 7q.11.23. Se caracteriza por dimorfismo facial típico asociado a anomalías cardiovasculares, personalidad amigable, hiperacusia y deficiencia intelectual. El diagnóstico del SWB es confirmado por la detección de microdeleción a partir de las diferentes técnicas de citogenética molecular: FISH, marcadores polimórficos o MLPA. Este estudio evaluó el cociente intelectual verbal y manipulativo, así como las habilidades visuoespaciales en niños y adultos con SWB. El grupo estuvo formado por 31 pacientes con SWB (19 de sexo masculino y 12 de sexo femenino), cuyas edades variaron entre 9 y 26 años (media 14.45 años). Todos los pacientes tenían el diagnóstico confirmado molecularmente. Los test utilizados fueron las escalas WISC-III, WAIS-III y el Test Figuras Complejas Rey-Osterrieth. Los resultados indicaron un cociente intelectual que osciló de 51 a 86 (media 63), distribuido así: 22 con deficiencia intelectual leve, 4 con deficiencia intelectual moderada, 4 limítrofes, 1 en la media inferior. Todos los pacientes presentaron déficit visuoespacial. Los resultados sugieren que el razonamiento no verbal, la percepción visuoespacial, la representación espacial, la memoria de trabajo, la planificación motora y las funciones ejecutivas están muy comprometidos en el grupo estudiado.