Development of paediatric non-stage prognosticator guidelines for population-based cancer registries and updates to the 2014 Toronto Paediatric Cancer Stage Guidelines.

Population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) generate measures of cancer incidence and survival that are essential for cancer surveillance, research, and cancer control strategies. In 2014, the Toronto Paediatric Cancer Stage Guidelines were developed to standardise how PBCRs collect data on the stage at diagnosis for childhood cancer cases. These guidelines have been implemented in multiple jurisdictions worldwide to facilitate international comparative studies of incidence and outcome. Robust stratification by risk also requires data on key non-stage prognosticators (NSPs). Key experts and stakeholders used a modified Delphi approach to establish principles guiding paediatric cancer NSP data collection. With the use of these principles, recommendations were made on which NSPs should be collected for the major malignancies in children. The 2014 Toronto Stage Guidelines were also reviewed and updated where necessary. Wide adoption of the resultant Paediatric NSP Guidelines and updated Toronto Stage Guidelines will enhance the harmonisation and use of childhood cancer data provided by PBCRs.

Characterisation of carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from danish patients 2014-2021: detection of a new international clone - IC11.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to characterise carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) isolates from Danish patients using whole genome sequencing (WGS). It also compared typing and epidemiological data for further investigation of the spread and origin of the carbapenemase-producing A. baumannii isolates. METHODS: From 1 January 2014 to 30 September 2021, 141 carbapenemase-producing A. baumannii isolates, received at the national reference laboratory at Statens Serum Institut, were investigated using WGS. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and cgMLST data, obtained by SeqSphere+ software, were linked to data related to source of isolation, patient age and sex, hospital admission and travel history. RESULTS: Most of the carbapenemase-producing A. baumannii isolates were from males (n = 100, 71%). Most patients (n = 88, 63%) had travelled outside Scandinavia before admission to a Danish hospital. The most prevalent carbapenemase gene was blaOXA-23 (n = 124). Isolates belonging to the dominating international clone IC2 accounted for 78% of all isolates. A new international ST164/OXA-91 clone, proposed to be named IC11, was recognised and described. The cgMLST analysis revealed 17 clusters, reflecting both sporadic travel to similar geographical areas and confirmed outbreaks in Danish hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of carbapenemase-producing A. baumannii in Denmark was still low; however, isolates belonging to major international clones with a high potential to spread within hospitals, mainly IC2, dominated. OXA-23 was by far the most prevalent carbapenemase detected. Sporadic and travel-related introductions to Danish hospitals, also intra-hospital transmission, could be confirmed, emphasising the need for continuing vigilance.

Hemorragia suprarrenal que se manifiesta como hematoma escrotal en el recién nacido: A propósito de un caso / Adrenal hemorrhage presenting as a scrotal hematoma in the newborn: A case report

La hemorragia suprarrenal neonatal es poco frecuente. Se presenta en el 0,2% de los recién nacidos. El 10% de los casos son bilaterales. Puede estar asociada a un traumatismo al nacimiento, peso alto al nacer o un curso neonatal complicado por hipoxia, asfixia, hipotensión o coagulopatía. El hematoma escrotal es una manifestación extremadamente rara de la hemorragia suprarrenal neonatal. La mayoría de los pacientes presentan tumefacción escrotal con coloración azulada. En los recién nacidos, la tumefacción escrotal, con o sin coloración azulada, puede deberse a diferentes causas. Comunicamos un caso inusual de hemorragia suprarrenal neonatal secundaria a asfixia perinatal, que se manifestó con un hematoma escrotal. El diagnóstico de hemorragia suprarrenal neonatal y hematoma escrotal fue ecográfico; el tratamiento conservador evitó la exploración quirúrgica innecesaria.

Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage is uncommon. It is present in 0,2% of newborns. Ten percent of the cases occur bilaterally. It can be associated with birth trauma, large birth weight, or neonatal course complicated by hypoxia and asphyxia, hypotension, or coagulopathy. Scrotal hematoma is an extremely rare manifestation of NAH. Most patients present scrotal swelling with bluish discolouration. Scrotal swelling with/without bluish discoloration in newborns may result from different causes. We report an unusual case of neonatal adrenal hemorrage secondary to perinatal asphyxia, associated with SH. Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage and scrotal hematoma were diagnosedby ultrasonography and treated by conservative treatment, avoiding unnecessary surgical exploration.