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The VILLIN (VLN) protein plays a crucial role in regulating the actin cytoskeleton, which is involved in numerous developmental processes, and is crucial for plant responses to both biotic and abiotic factors. Although various plants have been studied to understand the VLN gene family and its potential functions, there has been limited exploration of VLN genes in Gossypium and fiber crops. In the present study, we characterized 94 VLNs from Gossypium species and 101 VLNs from related higher plants such as Oryza sativa and Zea mays and some fungal, algal, and animal species. By combining these VLN sequences with other Gossypium spp., we classified the VLN gene family into three distinct groups, based on their phylogenetic relationships. A more in-depth examination of Gossypium hirsutum VLNs revealed that 14 GhVLNs were distributed across 12 of the 26 chromosomes. These genes exhibit specific structures and protein motifs corresponding to their respective groups. GhVLN promoters are enriched with cis-elements related to abiotic stress responses, hormonal signals, and developmental processes. Notably, a significant number of cis-elements were associated with the light responses. Additionally, our analysis of gene-expression patterns indicated that most GhVLNs were expressed in various tissues, with certain members exhibiting particularly high expression levels in sepals, stems, and tori, as well as in stress responses. The present study potentially provides fundamental insights into the VLN gene family and could serve as a valuable reference for further elucidating the diverse functions of VLN genes in cotton.
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BACKGROUND: Whether the benefits of the robotic platform in bariatric surgery translate into superior surgical outcomes remains unclear. The aim of this retrospective study was to establish the 'best possible' outcomes for robotic bariatric surgery and compare them with the established laparoscopic benchmarks. METHODS: Benchmark cut-offs were established for consecutive primary robotic bariatric surgery patients of 17 centres across four continents (13 expert centres and 4 learning phase centres) using the 75th percentile of the median outcome values until 90 days after surgery. The benchmark patients had no previous laparotomy, diabetes, sleep apnoea, cardiopathy, renal insufficiency, inflammatory bowel disease, immunosuppression, history of thromboembolic events, BMI greater than 50â kg/m2, or age greater than 65 years. RESULTS: A total of 9097 patients were included, who were mainly female (75.5%) and who had a mean(s.d.) age of 44.7(11.5) years and a mean(s.d.) baseline BMI of 44.6(7.7) kg/m2. In expert centres, 13.74% of the 3020 patients who underwent primary robotic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and 5.9% of the 4078 patients who underwent primary robotic sleeve gastrectomy presented with greater than or equal to one complication within 90 postoperative days. No patient died and 1.1% of patients had adverse events related to the robotic platform. When compared with laparoscopic benchmarks, robotic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass had lower benchmark cut-offs for hospital stay, postoperative bleeding, and marginal ulceration, but the duration of the operation was 42â min longer. For most surgical outcomes, robotic sleeve gastrectomy outperformed laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with a comparable duration of the operation. In robotic learning phase centres, outcomes were within the established benchmarks only for low-risk robotic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. CONCLUSION: The newly established benchmarks suggest that robotic bariatric surgery may enhance surgical safety compared with laparoscopic bariatric surgery; however, the duration of the operation for robotic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is longer.
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Cirurgia Bariátrica , Derivação Gástrica , Laparoscopia , Obesidade Mórbida , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos , Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Adulto , Masculino , Derivação Gástrica/efeitos adversos , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Benchmarking , Estudos Retrospectivos , Cirurgia Bariátrica/efeitos adversos , Laparoscopia/efeitos adversos , Gastrectomia/efeitos adversos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Nuclear energy is crucial for achieving net-zero carbon emissions. A big challenge in the nuclear sector is ensuring the safety of radiation workers and the environment, while being cost-effective. Workplace monitoring is key to protecting workers from risks of ionising radiation. Traditional monitoring involves radiological surveillance via installed radiation monitors, continuously recording measurements like radiation fields and airborne particulate radioactivity concentrations, especially where sudden radiation changes could significantly impact workers. However, this approach struggles to detect incremental changes over a long period of time in the radiological measurements of the facility. To address this limitation, we propose abstracting a nuclear facility as a complex system. We then quantify the information complexity of the facility's radiological measurements using an entropic metric. Our findings indicate that the inferences and interpretations from our abstraction have a firm basis for interpretation and can enhance current workplace monitoring systems. We suggest the implementation of a radiological complexity-based alarm system to complement existing radiation level-based systems. The abstraction synthesized here is independent of the type of nuclear facility, and hence is a general approach to workplace monitoring at a nuclear facility.
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Exposição Ocupacional , Monitoramento de Radiação , Proteção Radiológica , Local de Trabalho , Monitoramento de Radiação/métodos , Exposição Ocupacional/análise , Humanos , Centrais NuclearesRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Intra-peritoneal onlay mesh repair (IPOM) still remains the most common approach for laparoscopic repair of small to medium sized hernias worldwide. In this study, we compare our early outcomes of an established procedure, i.e. laparoscopic IPOM plus to robotic transabdominal pre-peritoneal (rTAPP) for small to medium sized primary ventral hernia. To compare laparoscopic IPOM plus with rTAPP in terms of pain score, time to ambulate, hospital stay, time to return to work as well as the expenses. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data at our centre between July 2021 and June 2022. Operative time including docking time was recorded. Cost analysis was done in both set of patients. Pain scores were assessed using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at regular intervals for up to 3 months and then at the end of 1 year. Time to ambulate, return of bowel function and return to work were documented. Any complication or recurrence during the study period was recorded. RESULTS: Mean operative time for IPOM plus and rTAPP groups was 59.00 and 73.55 min, respectively. Mean pain score for IPOM at 6, 12 and 24 h was 7.35, 6.81 and 5.77, while for rTAPP, it was 4.73, 3 and 2.55, respectively. VAS scores at 1 week, 1 month and 3 month also showed similar trends. Mean time to ambulate in minutes for IPOM and rTAPP group was 357.69 and 223.64, respectively. Mean hospital stay in days for IPOM and rTAPP was 2.12 and 1.18, respectively. Mean time to return to work in days was 11.77 and 8.45 for IPOM and rTAPP groups, respectively. Expenditure wise, cost of TAPP was more and statistically significant, owing to the use of robotic platform. The mean overall cost of laparoscopic IPOM plus and rTAPP in rupees was 187,177.69 and 245,174.55, respectively. CONCLUSION: Robotic TAPP appears an excellent alternative to laparoscopic IPOM plus. Larger studies with long-term follow-up data are further required to reinforce it.
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ABSTRACT: Morbid obesity in infancy or early childhood is a challenging disease to manage. Here, we present the case report of the successful management of a 2-year-old girl child with morbidly obesity who was bedridden and had sleep apnoea and underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Bariatric surgery in this age group comes with a lot of decision-making challenges and technical and ethical considerations, and literature is scant on paediatric bariatric surgery. We describe the case and associated challenges in detail in this report.
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Intra-peritoneal migration of abdominal drain is a rare complication. Cutting of abdominal drain and putting a colostomy bag over it is done to reduce the pain and infection and to increase the mobility of a patient, but it is also a risk factor for drain intra-peritoneal migration. This case report depicts a case of intra-peritoneal migration of abdominal drain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy and its retrieval.
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KEY MESSAGE: Constitutive- and fiber-specific RNAi of GhPRF1 gene illustrated strong correlation between domestication-driven profilin genes and floral/fiber architecture in cotton. During morpho-transformation of short-fuzz of wild cotton into the elongating spinnable fibers under the millennia of human selection, actin-polymerizing cytoskeletal profilin genes had undergone significant sequence alterations and spatiotemporal shift in their transcription levels. To comprehend the expression dynamics of profilin genes with their phenotypic implications, transgenic expression modulation of cotton profilin 1 (GhPRF1) gene was performed in the constitutive- and fiber-specific manner in Coker 310FR cotton cultivar. The constitutive GhPRF1-RNAi lines (35S:GhPRF1-RNAi) exhibited distorted 'monadelphous' staminal-tube, reduced pollen-viability and poorly developed fibers, whereas floral and fiber development of fiber-specific GhPRF1-RNAi lines showed no abnormalities. Moreover, the fiber-specific GhPRF1 overexpression lines (FBP7:GhPRF1-Ox) showed increased emergence of fiber-initials on the ovule surface, on the contrary to no fiber-initials in fiber-specific RNAi lines (FBP7:GhPRF1-RNAi). Interestingly, the average seed weight and fiber weight of FBP7:GhPRF1-Ox lines increased > 60% and > 38%, respectively, compared with FBP7:GhPRF1-RNAi lines and untransformed control seeds. On a molecular basis, the aberrant floral and fiber development of 35S:GhPRF1-RNAi lines was largely associated with sugar metabolism and hormone-signaling mechanisms. These observations illustrated the strong correlation between domestication-driven GhPRF genes, and floral/fiber development in cotton. Also, the enhanced agronomic traits in GhPRF1-Ox lines of cotton empowered us to recognize their imperative roles, and their future deployment for the sustainable cotton crop improvement.
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Fibra de Algodão , Citoesqueleto/genética , Domesticação , Flores/genética , Genes de Plantas , Gossypium/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Transcrição Gênica , Flores/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Óvulo Vegetal/genética , Reguladores de Crescimento de Plantas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas , Profilinas/genética , Profilinas/metabolismo , Interferência de RNA , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Açúcares/metabolismo , TransgenesRESUMO
Ganoderma lucidum is an important medicinal fungus that possesses exceedingly high lignocellulose degrading ability. Evidently, Cu2+ has decisive roles on the mycelial growth and enzyme production. To reveal the effect of Cu2+ on G. lucidum transcriptome, predominantly associated with lignocellulolytic progression, we conducted comparative NGS based de novo transcriptome assembly using Illumina Hi SeqTM sequencing platform. We obtained 26,083,372 and 35,713,076 high-quality reads from induced and uninduced cultures. For wood degrading activity, 194 transcript coding for oxidoreductases and 402 transcripts for CAZymes were predicted. Further, secretome studies revealed high score GO terms related to oxidoreductases, glycosyl hydrolases, and chitinases from Cu-induced mycelia. The increased Cu2+ concentrations showed higher secretion of lignocellulases such as laccases, cellulases, and xylanases along with increased production of phenolics and antioxidants. Several differences in the transcriptomic and proteomic signatures for lignocellulolytic enzymes provide vital clues about Cu2+ mediated gene regulation and metabolic pathways in basidiomycetous fungi.
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Cobre/farmacologia , Proteínas Fúngicas/genética , Lignina/metabolismo , Reishi/genética , Reishi/metabolismo , Apoptose/genética , Autofagia/genética , Vias Biossintéticas/genética , Metabolismo dos Carboidratos/genética , Proteínas Fúngicas/metabolismo , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação Fúngica da Expressão Gênica , Ontologia Genética , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Lacase/genética , Oxirredutases/genética , Oxirredutases/metabolismo , Proteômica , Reishi/efeitos dos fármacos , Reishi/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Terpenos/metabolismoRESUMO
We aim to investigate the prospects of increased production of folate through the overexpression of heterologous dihydroneopterin aldolase catalyst. The gene encoding aldolase catalyst was cloned into an expression vector and the induced recombinant protein was purified through metal-affinity chromatography which appeared at 14 kDa position on polyacrylamide-gel. Remarkably, a periodic increase in the extracellular and intracellular folic acid concentration was observed at 4 h growth of induced recombinant DHNA samples than control in a pH-dependent manner. Maximum folate concentration was observed with at least twofold increase in induced recombinant samples at pH8.0 compared to the significant decline at 6 h growth. Consistently, heterologous overexpression of bacterial aldolase through Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of tobacco led to more than 2.5-fold increase in the folate concentration in the transgenic leaves than control tissues. These data are veritable inspecting metabolic flux in both bacterial and plant systems, thus providing directions for future research on folate agri-fortification.
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Aldeído Liases/genética , Aldeído Liases/metabolismo , Ácido Fólico/biossíntese , Engenharia Genética , Agrobacterium/genética , Aldeído Liases/isolamento & purificação , Biocatálise , Clonagem Molecular , Análise do Fluxo Metabólico , Folhas de Planta/metabolismo , Folhas de Planta/microbiologia , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas , Proteínas Recombinantes/isolamento & purificação , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Nicotiana/genética , Nicotiana/metabolismo , Nicotiana/microbiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Plant profilin genes encode core cell-wall structural proteins and are evidenced for their up-regulation under cotton domestication. Notwithstanding striking discoveries in the genetics of cell-wall organization in plants, little is explicit about the manner in which profilin-mediated molecular interplay and corresponding networks are altered, especially during cellular signalling of apical meristem determinacy and flower development. RESULTS: Here we show that the ectopic expression of GhPRF1 gene in tobacco resulted in the hyperactivation of apical meristem and early flowering phenotype with increased flower number in comparison to the control plants. Spatial expression alteration in CLV1, a key meristem-determinacy gene, is induced by the GhPRF1 overexpression in a WUS-dependent manner and mediates cell signalling to promote flowering. But no such expression alterations are recorded in the GhPRF1-RNAi lines. The GhPRF1 transduces key positive flowering regulator AP1 gene via coordinated expression of FT4, SOC1, FLC1 and FT1 genes involved in the apical-to-floral meristem signalling cascade which is consistent with our in silico profilin interaction data. Remarkably, these positive and negative flowering regulators are spatially controlled by the Actin-Related Protein (ARP) genes, specifically ARP4 and ARP6 in proximate association with profilins. This study provides a novel and systematic link between GhPRF1 gene expression and the flower primordium initiation via up-regulation of the ARP genes, and an insight into the functional characterization of GhPRF1 gene acting upstream to the flowering mechanism. Also, the transgenic plants expressing GhPRF1 gene show an increase in the plant height, internode length, leaf size and plant vigor. CONCLUSIONS: Overexpression of GhPRF1 gene induced early and increased flowering in tobacco with enhanced plant vigor. During apical meristem determinacy and flower development, the GhPRF1 gene directly influences key flowering regulators through ARP-genes, indicating for its role upstream in the apical-to-floral meristem signalling cascade.
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Flores/metabolismo , Gossypium/metabolismo , Flores/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/fisiologia , Gossypium/genética , Meristema/genética , Meristema/metabolismo , Fenótipo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Nicotiana/genética , Nicotiana/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) on Quality of Life (QoL) in Indian patients with obesity over 10 years. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted at 11 centres for individuals with MBS between February 2013 and May 2022. Patient medical records provided the source of de-identified data. RESULTS: Data from 2132 individuals with a mean age of 43.28 ± 11.96 years was analysed. There were 37.43% men and 62.57% females in the study population. The study population had a mean preoperative body mass index (BMI) of 45.71 ± 10.38 kg/m2. The Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System (BAROS) scoring method showed a higher overall QoL score throughout all follow-up periods, with 'very good' outcomes at one, three and 7 years and 'good' outcomes at 5 and 10 years. Improvements in QoL were associated with a substantial improvement (p < .01) in BMI at every follow-up time point. CONCLUSIONS: Following MBS, individuals with obesity exhibited a substantial and long-term improvement in their overall QoL for up to 10 years. This study presents Indian data on QoL, which is considered one of the most important decision-making factors for or against an intervention.
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With climate emergency, COVID-19, and the rise of planetary health scholarship, the binary of human and ecosystem health has been deeply challenged. The interdependence of human and nonhuman animal health is increasingly acknowledged and paving the way for new frontiers in integrative biology. The convergence of genomics in health, bioinformatics, agriculture, and artificial intelligence (AI) has ushered in a new era of possibilities and applications. However, the sheer volume of genomic/multiomics big data generated also presents formidable sociotechnical challenges in extracting meaningful biological, planetary health and ecological insights. Over the past few years, AI-guided bioinformatics has emerged as a powerful tool for managing, analyzing, and interpreting complex biological datasets. The advances in AI, particularly in machine learning and deep learning, have been transforming the fields of genomics, planetary health, and agriculture. This article aims to unpack and explore the formidable range of possibilities and challenges that result from such transdisciplinary integration, and emphasizes its radically transformative potential for human and ecosystem health. The integration of these disciplines is also driving significant advancements in precision medicine and personalized health care. This presents an unprecedented opportunity to deepen our understanding of complex biological systems and advance the well-being of all life in planetary ecosystems. Notwithstanding in mind its sociotechnical, ethical, and critical policy challenges, the integration of genomics, multiomics, planetary health, and agriculture with AI-guided bioinformatics opens up vast opportunities for transnational collaborative efforts, data sharing, analysis, valorization, and interdisciplinary innovations in life sciences and integrative biology.
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Inteligência Artificial , Ecossistema , Animais , Humanos , Genômica , Biologia Computacional , AgriculturaRESUMO
Artificial intelligence (AI), currently a cutting-edge concept, has the potential to improve the quality of life of human beings. The fields of AI and biological research are becoming more intertwined, and methods for extracting and applying the information stored in live organisms are constantly being refined. As the field of AI matures with more trained algorithms, the potential of its application in epidemiology, the study of host-pathogen interactions and drug designing widens. AI is now being applied in several fields of drug discovery, customized medicine, gene editing, radiography, image processing and medication management. More precise diagnosis and cost-effective treatment will be possible in the near future due to the application of AI-based technologies. In the field of agriculture, farmers have reduced waste, increased output and decreased the amount of time it takes to bring their goods to market due to the application of advanced AI-based approaches. Moreover, with the use of AI through machine learning (ML) and deep-learning-based smart programs, one can modify the metabolic pathways of living systems to obtain the best possible outputs with the minimal inputs. Such efforts can improve the industrial strains of microbial species to maximize the yield in the bio-based industrial setup. This article summarizes the potentials of AI and their application to several fields of biology, such as medicine, agriculture, and bio-based industry.
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Evolutionarily conserved microRNAs such as miR156, miR159, miR167 and miR172 tightly regulate the extensive array of gene expression during flowering in plants, through instant and long-term alterations in the expression of their target genes. Here we employed a novel target-mimicry approach for the diminution of auxin signalling regulator miRNA167 by developing mimic-transgenic lines in tobacco, to investigate the transcriptional biases of flowering-associated miRNAs in apical and floral meristematic tissues and their phenotypic implications. Recorded morpho-alterations such as uneven flowering-time phenotypes, anomalous floral organ formation, and large variations in the seed forming characteristics permitted us to determine the consequence of the extent of miR167 expression diminution accompanying the transcriptional biases of interrelated miRNAs. We demonstrate that percent diminution of miR167 gene expression is proportionally associated with both early and late flowering-time phenotypes in mimic lines. Also, the associated miRNAs, miR156, miR159, and miR172 showed >90% transcriptional diminution in at least 'early-flowering' miR167 mimic lines. On contrary, low percentages of their respective diminution were recorded in 'late-flowering' lines. Evidently, the misexpression of miR156, miR159, and miR172 led to the over-expression of their respective target genes SPL9, AtMYB33-like and AP2 genes in mimic lines which resulted in assorted phenotypes. We describe the scope of spatial regulation of these microRNAs in floral bud tissues of mimic lines which showed negative- or very low (<25%) misexpression levels in early/late-flowering lines highlighting their roles in the acquisition of flowering mechanism. To our knowledge, this study represents the first characterization of transcriptional biases of flowering associated miRNAs in miR167-mimic lines and certainly augments our understanding of the importance of microRNA-mediated regulation of flowering in plants.
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Flores/fisiologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , MicroRNAs/genética , Nicotiana/genética , Flores/genética , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Inativação Gênica , Meristema/genética , Meristema/fisiologia , Fenótipo , Pólen/genética , RNA de Plantas/genética , Sementes/genética , Nicotiana/fisiologia , Transcrição Gênica , TransgenesRESUMO
Spatio-temporal expression patterns of cytoskeleton-associated profilin (PRF) family proteins in response to varied environmental stimuli are tightly regulated. Functional analyses of PRFs have revealed their crucial roles in varied developmental and stress related traits, but very little is implicit pertaining to cis-acting regulatory elements that regulate such intricate expression patterns. Here, we identified cis-elements with their varying distribution frequencies by scanning 1.5kbp upstream sequences of 5'regulatory regions of PRFs of dicot and monocot plant species. Predicted cis-elements in the regulatory sub-regions of Arabidopsis PRFs (AtPRFs) were predominantly associated with development-responsive motifs (DREs), light responsive elements (LREs), hormonal responsive elements (HREs), core motifs and stress-responsive elements (SREs). Interestingly, DREs, LREs and core promoter motifs, were extensively distributed up to the distal end of 5'regulatory regions on contrary to HREs present closer to the translational start site in Arabidopsis. The evolutionary footprints of predicted orthologous cis-elements were conserved, and preferably located in the proximal regions of 5'regulatory regions of evolutionarily diverged plant species. We also explored comprehensive tissue-specific global gene expression levels of PRFs under diverse hormonal and abiotic stress regimes. In response, the PRFs exhibited large transcriptional biases in a time- and organ-dependent manner. Further, the methodical elucidation of spatial expression analysis of predicted cis-elements binding transcription factors and relevant PRFs showed notable correlation. Results indicate that binding transcription factors' expression data is largely informative for envisaging their precise roles in the spatial regulation of target PRFs. These results highlight the importance of PRFs during plant development; and establish a relationship between their spatial expression patterns and presence of respective regulatory motifs in their promoter sequences. This information could be employed in future studies and field-utilization of cell wall structural genes.
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Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , Arabidopsis/genética , Profilinas/genética , Elementos Reguladores de Transcrição , Sequência de Bases , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Análise de Sequência com Séries de Oligonucleotídeos , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Alinhamento de Sequência , Transcrição GênicaRESUMO
De novo synthesis of folates in plants is tightly regulated through feedback-regulation of certain pathway catalysts. Recently, we investigated the prospects of incessant production of folates in an evolutionary conjunction, through the overexpression of feedback targeted and evolutionarily conserved heterologous E.coli dihydroneopterin aldolase (EcDHNA) in tobacco. 1 The enhanced production of folates in the transgenic lines was associated with differential allosteric regulatory cavities accessible at EcDHNA surface having critical amino-acid differences as Ile 64 (His_63), Val 70 (Phe_69), His 75 (Arg_78) and Arg 79 (Glu_72). These structural characteristics are indicative of evolutionary signatures of the catalytic feedback-regulation of folate manufacturing. We exploited the biotechnological potential of such allosterically diverged trans-DHNA for improved folate production in plants. Nonetheless, genetic manipulation of single enzymes modulating complex pathways such as folate biosynthesis is often inadequate to achieve desired phenotypes; therefore, multi-gene integration with explicit genic-combination for folate enrichment in plants has also been projected for future folate agri-biofortification schemes.
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Aldeído Liases/genética , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/genética , Escherichia coli/genética , Nicotiana/genética , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas , Tetra-Hidrofolatos/biossíntese , Aldeído Liases/química , Aldeído Liases/metabolismo , Regulação Alostérica , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Bioengenharia/métodos , Escherichia coli/classificação , Escherichia coli/enzimologia , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/química , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Retroalimentação Fisiológica , Modelos Moleculares , Filogenia , Conformação Proteica em alfa-Hélice , Conformação Proteica em Folha beta , Alinhamento de Sequência , Homologia de Sequência de Aminoácidos , Tetra-Hidrofolatos/química , Nicotiana/enzimologia , TransgenesRESUMO
Structure and functional similarities of a recent protein's orthologs with its ancient counterpart are largely determined by the configuration of evolutionary preservation of amino acids. The emergence of genome sequencing databases allowed dissecting the evolutionarily important gene families at a comprehensive and genome-wide scale. The profilin multi-gene family is an ancient, universal, and functionally diverged across kingdoms, which regulates various aspects of cellular development in both prokarya and eukarya, especially cell-wall maintenance through actin sequestering, nucleation and cytokinesis. We performed a meta-analysis of the evolutionary expansion, structural conservation, evolution of function motifs, and transcriptional biases of profilin proteins across kingdoms. An exhaustive search of various genome databases of cyanobacteria, fungi, animalia and plantae kingdoms revealed 172 paralogous/orthologous profilins those were phylogenetically clustered in various groups. Orthologous gene comparisons indicated that segmental and tandem duplication events under strong purifying selection are predominantly responsible for their convoluted structural divergences. Evidently, structural divergences were more prevalent in the paralogs than orthologs, and evolutionary variations in the exon/intron architecture were accomplished by 'exon/intron-gain' and insertion/deletion during sequence-exonization. Remarkably, temporal expression evolution of profilin paralogs/homeologs during cotton fiber domestication provides evolutionary impressions of the selection of highly diverged transcript abundance notably in the fiber morpho-evolution. These results provide global insights into the profilin evolution, their structural design across taxa; and their future utilization in translational research.