Purification and characterization of antioxidative and antimicrobial peptides from lactic-fermented sheep milk.

This study aims to identify antioxidant and antimicrobial peptides from sheep milk produced using Lactobacillus plantarum (KGL3A). It was inferred that antioxidative and antimicrobial activities increased with increasing incubation time, and antioxidative properties (ABTS assay, superoxide free radical & hydroxyl free radical scavenging activity were 34.5, 34.7, and 29.2% respectively) and antimicrobial properties against Escherichia coli, S. typhimurium, E. faecalis, & B. cereus were 11.3, 12.7, 13.3, & 12.3 mm. However, inoculation of culture at a level of 2.5% and 48 h fermentation give the highest proteolysis activities. Fermented sheep milk fractions of 3 & 10 kDa were analysed for antioxidative and antimicrobial activity, and the 10 kDa permeate showed the highest ABTS assay. The hydroxyl free radical scavenging activity was greatest in 10 kDa retentate and superoxide free radical scavenging activity was observed in 3 kDa permeate (34.7, 43.4, and 34.6%, respectively). Antimicrobial activity of 10 kDa retentate against B. cereus & E. coli (13.3 mm) was greater than 3 and 10 kDa retentate against S. typhimurium (13 mm) and 3 kDa retentate against E. faecalis (13.7 mm). The molecular weight of the protein was estimated using SDS-PAGE. On electrophoresis on a 2-D gel, 6 peptides were identified using RP-LC/MS. BIOPEP, a database for antioxidative and antimicrobial peptides, validated the antioxidative & antimicrobial activities of several peptides in sheep's milk that has been fermented. Sheep milk fermented using Lactobacillus could be considered a novel source of antioxidative and antimicrobial proteins. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-022-05493-2.

Micro-marsupialization: a minimally invasive technique for mucocele in children and adolescents.

BACKGROUND: Most common lesions seen in children are mucoceles. Different techniques have been described for their treatment; however, most of them are invasive. OBJECTIVE: Aim of the study was to compare the practicability of micro-marsupialization with surgical excision in treatment of mucoceles. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A pilot study was done on 15 patients to evaluate and compare variables like lesion evolution, surgical time period, healing, complications etc. when lesions were treated with micro-marsupialization and surgical excision. RESULTS: Most of the mucoceles diagnosed in this pilot study were found in lower lip. Amongst cases that were treated with micro-marsupialization, recurrence was seen only in one case, whereas there were 3 cases of recurrence seen in surgical excision group. No statistically significant difference was found between the treatment methods used. CONCLUSION: Micro-marsupialization can be a non-invasive option to treat mucoceles in pediatric dentistry owing to its simplicity, fewer complications involved and as well that it's well-tolerated by patients.

Impact of a modified carbonated beverage on human dental plaque and salivary pH: an in vivo study.

BACKGROUND: To assess the plaque and salivary pH changes at different time intervals in vivo after consumption of a carbonated beverage modified with sodium fluoride and calcium phosphate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four subjects aged 18-25 years were recruited and randomly assigned to three groups (group A, original drink Sprite; group B, Sprite with sodium fluoride; group C, Sprite with calcium phosphate). Collection of pooled plaque and unstimulated saliva was done before and after the drinks were consumed by the subjects at 5-, 10-, 20- and 30-minute intervals. RESULTS: The pH rise was higher with group C for plaque and group B for saliva. CONCLUSIONS: Modification of the test carbonated beverage with calcium phosphate and fluoride may exert some protective potential, especially in high caries risk candidates.

Synthesis of 2, 3-disubstituted-Quinazolin-4-(3H)-ones.

The present review covers a concise account of the synthesis of bioactive 2, 3-disubstituted-quinazoline-4(3H)-ones and the recent developments in the area of versatile quinazolinones with a special emphasis on new synthetic routes and strategies.

Development of novel, alternative, facile, ecofriendly, high yield synthetic process for prazosin.

Industrial chemistry in the new millennium is widely adopting the concept of "Green chemistry" to meet the fundamental scientific challenges. Antihypertensive drugs include several of the most widely prescribed drugs like diuretics, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and α-1 adrenoreceptor blockers. The discovery of prazosin, with very high index of α1/α2 affinity has triggered off a renaissance of interest in α1-adrenoceptor antagonist drugs for treatment of hypertension. The three reported routes for synthesis and manufacture of the α-adrenoceptor antagonist- prazosin had some disadvantages. In present study we had developed new methods for the synthesis of prazosin by using microwave. The most important aspect is the overall yield of this process was ~25 % higher than the other reported methods excluding the use of banned substances.