Effects of dance on the postural balance, cognition and functional autonomy of older adults.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the postural balance, cognition and functional autonomy of older adults with dementia, who are long-stay inpatients, subjected to ballroom dancing. METHOD: simple randomized clinical study. Older adult sample: control group (30) and experimental group (30). The groups were subjected to the protocol of functional autonomy for activities of daily living; to the assessment of cognition (mini-mental state examination); and to the analysis of postural balance (stabilometric and postural platforms). The analysis of variance with repeated measures for group and time factors, and Scheffé's post hoc test were used, with significance of p < 0.05. RESULTS: For the mini-mental state examination, the control group presented a 24.27 mean, and the experimental 22.75. Functional autonomy for activities of daily living - experimental: 54.47 ± 7.24 (p < 0.0001) x control: 61.77 ± 8.47 (p = 0.011). Postural balance - experimental: X = 3.16 ± 3.44 (p = 0.02) x control = X = 6.30 ± 7.62 (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Ballroom dancing can be recommended for older adults to provide improvement in their balance and motor performance of the activities of daily living.

Effects of dance on the postural balance, cognition and functional autonomy of older adults / Efectos del baile en el equilibrio postural, en la cognición y en la autonomía funcional de los ancianos / Efeitos da dança no equilíbrio postural, na cognição e na autonomia funcional de idosos

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the postural balance, cognition and functional autonomy of older adults with dementia, who are long-stay inpatients, subjected to ballroom dancing. Method: simple randomized clinical study. Older adult sample: control group (30) and experimental group (30). The groups were subjected to the protocol of functional autonomy for activities of daily living; to the assessment of cognition (mini-mental state examination); and to the analysis of postural balance (stabilometric and postural platforms). The analysis of variance with repeated measures for group and time factors, and Scheffé's post hoc test were used, with significance of p < 0.05. Results: For the mini-mental state examination, the control group presented a 24.27 mean, and the experimental 22.75. Functional autonomy for activities of daily living - experimental: 54.47 ± 7.24 (p < 0.0001) x control: 61.77 ± 8.47 (p = 0.011). Postural balance - experimental: X = 3.16 ± 3.44 (p = 0.02) x control = X = 6.30 ± 7.62 (p = 0.04). Conclusion: Ballroom dancing can be recommended for older adults to provide improvement in their balance and motor performance of the activities of daily living.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar el equilibrio postural, la cognición y la autonomía funcional de los ancianos con demencia, institucionalizados de larga permanencia, sometidos al baile de salón. Método: estudio clínico aleatorizado simple. Muestra de ancianos: grupo control (30) y grupo experimental (30). Los grupos fueron sometidos al protocolo de autonomía funcional para actividades de la vida diaria, a la evaluación de la cognición (mini examen del estado mental), y el análisis del equilibrio postural (pedana estabilométrica y posturométrica). Se hizo el análisis de la varianza, con medidas repetidas en los factores grupo y tiempo, y el post hoc de Scheffé, con significancia p < 0,05. Resultados: El grupo control presentó en el mini examen del estado mental promedio de 24,27, y el experimental 22,75. Autonomía funcional para actividades de la vida diaria - experimental: 54,47 ± 7,24 (p<0,0001) × control: 61,77 ± 8,47 (p = 0,011). Equilibrio postural - experimental: X = 3,16 ± 3,44 (p = 0,02) × control = X = 6,30 ± 7,62 (p= 0,04). Conclusión: El baile de salón debe ser indicado para proporcionar una mejora en el equilibrio y el rendimiento motor en las actividades de la vida diaria de los ancianos.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar o equilíbrio postural, a cognição e a autonomia funcional de idosos com demência, institucionalizados de longa permanência, submetidos à dança de salão. Método: estudo clínico randomizado simples. Amostra de idosos: grupo controle (30) e grupo experimental (30). Os grupos foram submetidos ao protocolo de autonomia funcional para atividades da vida diária; à avaliação da cognição (miniexame do estado mental); e à análise do equilíbrio postural (pedana estabilométrica e posturométrica). Fez-se a análise de variância, com medidas repetidas nos fatores grupo e tempo, e o post hoc de Scheffé, com significância p < 0,05. Resultados: O grupo controle apresentou no miniexame do estado mental média de 24,27, e o experimental 22,75. Autonomia funcional para atividades da vida diária - experimental: 54,47 ± 7,24 (p < 0,0001) x controle: 61,77 ± 8,47 (p = 0,011). Equilíbrio postural - experimental: X = 3,16 ± 3,44 (p = 0,02) x controle = X = 6,30 ± 7,62 (p = 0,04). Conclusão: A dança de salão deve ser indicada para proporcionar melhora no equilíbrio e no desempenho motor nas atividades da vida diária de idosos.

The effect of ballroom dance on balance and functional autonomy among the isolated elderly.

The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of a ballroom dancing program on the functional autonomy and physical balance of institutionalized elderly individuals. The study enrolled 75 sedentary elderly subjects from long-term institutions who were randomly divided into a ballroom dance program group (EG; n=39) and a control group (CG; n=36). The protocol of the Latin American Group for Maturity (GDLAM) was used to evaluate functional autonomy. Physical balance was analyzed using a stabilometer and posture meter platforms. The level of significance in statistical tests was set at p<0.05. Regarding the physical balance evaluation, only the members of the EG achieved a significant reduction in weight (Δ=-0.98 kg) following the experiment, both in the intragroup (p=0.002) and in the intergroup analysis (p=0.012). In the evaluation of functional autonomy, only the EG showed a significant reduction in the execution time of all the tests and in the GDLAM index: GI (Δ=-6.99), both in the intragroup (p<0.001) and in the intergroup analysis (p=0.011). Thus, it can be inferred that sedentary elderly individuals who are residents of long-term institutions can improve their functional autonomy and balance with a ballroom dance program.

A reeducação dinâmica muscular no equilíbrio postural e na redução da lombalgia em trabalhadores industriais / La reeducación dinámica muscular en el equilibrio postural y la reducción de la lumbalgia en trabajadores industriales / Muscular dynamic reeducation in postural balance and in lumbar pain reduction for industry workers

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o efeito da reeducação da dinâmica muscular (RDM registrado) no equilíbrio postural e na redução da lombalgia de trabalhadores industriais. A amostra foi constituída de operadores industriais, portadores de lombalgia, encaminhados ao setor de Fisioterapia. Após o crivo dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram sorteados 82 indivíduos, divididos, aleatoriamente, em: grupo experimental (GE; n igual a 41, idade igual a 41 mais ou menos 4 anos; índice de massa corpórea (IMC) igual a 26,46 mais ou menos 3,25) e grupo controle (GC; n igual a 42, idade igual a 42 mais ou menos 5 anos; (IMC igual a 26,47 mais ou menos 3,34). O GE fez parte do tratamento com RDM. O GC foi constituído de indivíduos que não participaram de nenhum tratamento fisioterapêutico durante a pesquisa. Os procedimentos utilizados para a avaliação foram: lombalgia (escala de Borg) e o equilíbrio postural (Pedana estabilométrica e posturométrica). O procedimento de intervenção pelo RDM teve uma duração de 20 minutos, frequência de duas vezes por semana e se estendeu por 12 semanas, sendo a sistemática de tratamento procedida em 4 momentos. Na comparação intragrupos, o teste t pareado ou de Wilcoxon apresentaram, respectivamente, uma melhora significativa (p menor que 0,05) nas variáveis dor lombar (p igual a 0,0001) e equilíbrio postural (p igual a 0,0001) no GE. O teste de Kruskal Wallis, seguido do intervalo de confiança (IC), revelaram melhoras significativas favoráveis ao GE no pós-teste quando comparadas ao pós-teste do GC (dor lombar: IC: -115,58 / -48,66; equilíbrio postural: IC: -68,81 / -1,89). Dessa forma, pode-se inferir que o tratamento com RDM repercutiu em melhora significativa da dor lombar e do equilíbrio postural de operadores industriais.

The objective of this study has been to investigate the effect of the Muscular Dynamic Reeducation in Postural Balance and in lumbar pain reduction for industry workers. The sample has been constituted by lumbago-affected industry operators assisted by the sector of Physiotherapy. Using inclusion and exclusion criteria, 82 individuals randomly included in two groups: experimental group (EG; n equal to 41, age equal to 41 more or less 4 years; body mass index (BMI) equal to 26.46 more or less 3.25) and control group (CG; n equal to 42; age equal to 42 more or less 5 years; BMI equal to 26.47 more or less 3.34). EG has participated in a treatment using RDM. GC was constituted by individuals that have not participated in any physiotherapeutic treatment during the research. The procedures used for the evaluation were lumbago (Borg scale) and postural balance (stabilometric and posturometric platform). RDM intervention procedure lasted 20 minutes, twice a week, during 12 weeks, and the treatment was used in 4 different moments. Intragroup comparison, paired t test or Wilcoxon presented, respectively, a significant improvement (p less than 0.05) in the variables lumbar pain (p equal to 0.0001) and postural balance (p equal to 0.0001) in EG. Kruskal Wallis test, followed through the confidence interval (CC), showed significant improvements of EG in the post-test compared to CG in post-test (lumbar pain: IC: -115.58/-48.6; postural balance: IC: -68.81/-1.89). We may then infer that the treatment with RDM has produced a significant improvement of lumbar pain and postural balance of industry operators.

El objetivo de este estudio ha sido investigar el efecto de la reeducación de la Reeducación Dinámica Muscular en el Equilibrio Postural y la reducción de la lumbalgia en trabajadores industriales. La muestra ha sido constituida de operadores industriales, portadores de lumbalgia, asistidos por el sector de Fisioterapia. Utilizando los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, han sido sorteados 82 individuos, divididos, aleatoriamente en grupo experimental (GE; n igual a 41, edad igual a más o menos 4 anos; índice de masa corpórea (IMC) igual a 26,46 más o menos 3,25) y grupo control (GC; n a igual 42; edad igual a 42 más o menos 5 años; IMC igual a 26,47 más o menos 3,34). El GE ha participado del tratamiento con RDM. El GC ha sido constituido de individuos que no han participado de ningún tratamiento fisioterapéutico durante la investigación. Los procedimientos utilizados para la evaluación fueron: lumbalgia (escala de Borg) y equilibrio postural (Pedana estabilométrica y posturométrica).El procedimiento de intervención por parte del RDM tuvo la duración de 20 minutos, frecuencia de dos veces por semana, y se extendió por 12 semanas; se procedió a la sistemática de tratamiento en 4 momentos. En la comparación intragrupos, el test t pareado o de Wilcoxon han presentado,respectivamente, una mejora significativa (p menos que 0,05) en las variables dolor lumbar (p igual a 0,0001) y equilibrio postural (p igual a 0,0001) en lo GE. El test de Kruskal Wallis, seguido del intervalo de confianza (IC), ha revelado significativas mejorías del GE en el post-test comparadas al post-test del GC (dolor lumbar: IC:- 115,58 / -48,66; equilibrio postural: IC: -68,81 / -1,89). Así, se puede inferir que el tratamiento con RDM ha producido una mejora significativa del dolor lumbar e del equilibrio postural de operadores industriales.