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Cadherins are cell-cell adhesion proteins which have been strongly implicated in cancer invasion, dissemination and metastasis capacity; thus, they are key players in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program. However, their role in glioblastoma (GBM), a primary central nervous system aggressive tumor, remains to be clarified. N-, E- and P-cadherin expression was analyzed on a large series of GBMs, characterized with clinical, imaging and neuropathological parameters, as well as with patients' survival data. In addition, cadherins' expression was studied in match-recurrent cases. Using TCGA data, cadherin expression profiles were also evaluated according to GBM transcription subtypes. N-cadherin expression was observed in 81.5% of GBM, followed by E-cadherin in 31% and P-cadherin in 20.8%. Upon tumor recurrence, P-cadherin was the only significantly upregulated cadherin compared with the primary tumor, being positive in 65.8% of the cases. Actually, P-cadherin gain was observed in 51.4% of matched primary-recurrent cases. Cadherins' co-expression was also explored. Interestingly, E- and N-cadherin co-expression identified a GBM subgroup with frequent epithelial differentiation and a significant survival benefit. On the other hand, subgroups with P-cadherin expression carried the worse prognosis. P- and N-cadherin co-expression correlated with the presence of a mesenchymal phenotype. Expressions of isolated P-cadherin or E- and P-cadherin co-expression were associated with imaging characteristics of aggressiveness, to highly heterogeneous tumors, an d to worse patient survival. Classical cadherins co-expression subgroups present consistent clinical, imaging, neuropathological and survival differences, which probably reflect different states of an EMT-like program in GBM.
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BACKGROUND: For more than 30 years, deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been a therapeutic tool for Parkinson's disease (PD) treatment. DBS can ameliorate several motor and non-motor symptoms and improve the patients' quality of life. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the global scientific production of original and review articles on Parkinson's disease treatment using deep brain stimulation. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive, bibliometric study with a quantitative approach. METHOD: The research protocol was conducted in March 2023 using the Web of Science database. Six hundred eighty-four articles were included in the analysis. Data were imported into RStudio Desktop Software, linked to R Software. The Bibliometrix R package, its Biblioshiny web interface, and VOSviewer software were used for the analysis. RESULTS: The international production began in 1998. Movement Disorders is the journal with the largest number of published articles and the most cited. Michael Okun and Andres Lozano are the authors who produced the most in this area. The University of Florida is the most active affiliated institution in Brazil. The United States has the largest number of collaborations and is mainly published by local researchers. In contrast, countries such as the United Kingdom and Canada have a high number of multi-country publications. The 15 most cited studies predominantly investigated subthalamic nucleus stimulation. CONCLUSION: DBS for Parkinson's disease is a relatively novel therapeutic approach, with studies that have expanded over the last twenty-five years. Most scientific production was quantitative and restricted to specialized journals. The United States, Europe, and China held the most articles.
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Bibliometria , Estimulação Encefálica Profunda , Doença de Parkinson , Estimulação Encefálica Profunda/estatística & dados numéricos , Estimulação Encefálica Profunda/métodos , Humanos , Doença de Parkinson/terapiaRESUMO
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: A bibliometric analysis covering only the production of original studies or considering world production until 2022 has yet to be conducted. The creation and advancement of vaccines have also influenced research priorities, demonstrating the need for a new approach to this subject. OBJECTIVES: To analyze worldwide scientific production related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the aged and to describe what has already been produced. DESIGN AND SETTING: Bibliometric analysis with a quantitative approach. METHOD: The search terms "COVID-19," "SARS-CoV-2," "Aged," and "Elderly" were used to retrieve articles from the Web of Science database. A total of 684 articles were included in the analysis. Data were imported into RStudio Desktop Software and linked to R Software. The Bibliometrix R package and VOSviewer software were used for analysis. RESULTS: Most articles were published in 2020. These were produced by 4,937 authors and published in 379 journals. The keyword most used by the authors was "COVID-19." Publications from 77 countries were obtained. China had the highest article production ranking, and Spain collaborated the most. The articles addressed the implications of the pandemic on the aged, the relationship between vaccination in the aged, and the implications for the disease itself. CONCLUSION: Further research should be conducted, mainly concerning vaccines and vaccination of the aged, owing to the need for and importance of immunization in this risk group, including assessing the long-term effects of vaccines.
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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: For more than 30 years, deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been a therapeutic tool for Parkinson's disease (PD) treatment. DBS can ameliorate several motor and non-motor symptoms and improve the patients' quality of life. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the global scientific production of original and review articles on Parkinson's disease treatment using deep brain stimulation. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive, bibliometric study with a quantitative approach. METHOD: The research protocol was conducted in March 2023 using the Web of Science database. Six hundred eighty-four articles were included in the analysis. Data were imported into RStudio Desktop Software, linked to R Software. The Bibliometrix R package, its Biblioshiny web interface, and VOSviewer software were used for the analysis. RESULTS: The international production began in 1998. Movement Disorders is the journal with the largest number of published articles and the most cited. Michael Okun and Andres Lozano are the authors who produced the most in this area. The University of Florida is the most active affiliated institution in Brazil. The United States has the largest number of collaborations and is mainly published by local researchers. In contrast, countries such as the United Kingdom and Canada have a high number of multi-country publications. The 15 most cited studies predominantly investigated subthalamic nucleus stimulation. CONCLUSION: DBS for Parkinson's disease is a relatively novel therapeutic approach, with studies that have expanded over the last twenty-five years. Most scientific production was quantitative and restricted to specialized journals. The United States, Europe, and China held the most articles.
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RESUMO Objetivo: apreender as representações sociais elaboradas por discentes de enfermagem sobre a prevenção da COVID-19. Método: pesquisa exploratória-descritiva e qualitativa. Os dados foram produzidos por meio de entrevistas com 32 participantes, realizadas no período de setembro de 2021 a julho de 2022. O Cenário do estudo foi uma instituição de ensino superior pública, localizada na região nordeste do Brasil. Os dados foram processados utilizando o software IRaMuTeQ. Resultados: a gênese das representações sociais da prevenção da COVID-19 apontou dois eixos: Organização de ideias sobre as medidas de prevenção da COVID-19; e a Eficiência, confiabilidade e fonte das informações obtidas. Considerações Finais: as representações sociais evidenciaram o saber sobre as medidas de prevenção da COVID-19, oportunizaram o esclarecimento sobre a origem dos saberes dos discentes e de especificidades que consideram importantes. Espera-se que esse estudo possa servir como alicerce para novas pesquisas e/ou intervenções com discentes de enfermagem.
ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the social representations elaborated by nursing students about the prevention of COVID-19. Method: exploratory-descriptive and qualitative research. Data were produced through interviews with 32 participants, conducted in the period from September 2021 to July 2022. The Study Setting was a public higher education institution, located in the northeastern region of Brazil. Data were processed using IRaMuTeQ software. Results: the genesis of the social representations of COVID-19 prevention pointed to two axes: Organization of ideas about COVID-19 prevention measures, and Efficiency, reliability and source of the information obtained. Final Considerations: the social representations showed the knowledge about the prevention measures of COVID-19, provided an opportunity to clarify the origin of the students' knowledge and the specificities they consider important. It is hoped that this study can serve as a foundation for further research and/or interventions with nursing students.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Apreciar las representaciones sociales elaboradas por discentes de enfermería sobre la prevención del COVID-19. Método: investigación exploratoria-descriptiva y cualitativa. Los datos fueron producidos a través de entrevistas con 32 participantes, realizadas en el período de septiembre de 2021 a julio de 2022. El escenario del estudio fue una institución pública de enseñanza superior, localizada en la región nordeste de Brasil. Los datos fueron procesados utilizando el software IRaMuTeQ. Resultados: la génesis de las representaciones sociales de la prevención del COVID-19 apuntaba a dos ejes: Organización de ideas sobre las medidas de prevención del COVID-19; y Eficacia, fiabilidad y fuente de las informaciones obtenidas. Consideraciones Finales: Las representaciones sociales mostraron el conocimiento sobre las medidas de prevención del COVID-19, proporcionando una oportunidad para aclarar el origen del conocimiento de los estudiantes y las especificidades que ellos consideran importantes. Se espera que este estudio pueda servir de base para futuras investigaciones y/o intervenciones con estudiantes de enfermería.
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Psicologia Social , Prevenção de Doenças , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
Objetivo: estimar a prevalência de colonização por Staphylococcus resistente à meticilina entre profissionais de enfermagem conforme evidências científicas. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada em setembro de 2020, mediante acesso nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, CINAHL e Web of Science. Resultados: A prevalência de Staphylococcusaureus Resistente à Meticilina variou de 0 a 30,4%, com média de 8,4%; além disso, as pesquisas conduzidas mais recentemente (2015: 15,7%; 2016: 9,2%; 2017: 15,9%) e no continente asiático (14,57%) estimaram maiores prevalências médias. Conclusão: ainda são expressivas as prevalências de colonização por Staphylococcus resistente à meticilina entre profissionais de enfermagem verificadas nos diversos estudos realizados em âmbito nacional e internacional, o que reforça a necessidade de adoção de programas de vigilância ativa, como estratégia para detecção de casos assintomáticos e contribuição no rompimento da cadeia de transmissão das infecções
Objective: to estimate the prevalence of colonization by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among nursing professionals according to scientific evidence. Method: integrative literature review conducted in September 2020 through access to the LILACS, MEDLINE, CINAHL and Web of Science databases. Results: the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ranged from 0 to 30.4%, mean of 8.4%. In addition, surveys conducted more recently (2015: 15.7%; 2016: 9.2%; 2017: 15.9%) and in Asia (14.57%) estimated higher mean prevalence rates. Conclusion: the prevalence of colonization by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus among nursing professionals found in the various national and international studies is still significant, which reinforces the need to adopt active surveillance programs as a strategy to detect asymptomatic cases and contribute to break the chain of transmission of infections.
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Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/patogenicidade , Profissionais de Enfermagem , Segurança do PacienteRESUMO
Objetivo: estimar a prevalência de colonização por Staphylococcus resistente à meticilina entre profissionais de enfermagem conforme evidências científicas. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada em setembro de 2020, mediante acesso nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, CINAHL e Web of Science. Resultados: A prevalência de Staphylococcusaureus Resistente à Meticilina variou de 0 a 30,4%, com média de 8,4%; além disso, as pesquisas conduzidas mais recentemente (2015: 15,7%; 2016: 9,2%; 2017: 15,9%) e no continente asiático (14,57%) estimaram maiores prevalências médias. Conclusão: ainda são expressivas as prevalências de colonização por Staphylococcus resistente à meticilina entre profissionais de enfermagem verificadas nos diversos estudos realizados em âmbito nacional e internacional, o que reforça a necessidade de adoção de programas de vigilância ativa, como estratégia para detecção de casos assintomáticos e contribuição no rompimento da cadeia de transmissão das infecções.
Objective: to estimate the prevalence of colonization by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among nursing professionals according to scientific evidence. Method: integrative literature review conducted in September 2020 through access to the LILACS, MEDLINE, CINAHL and Web of Science databases. Results: the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ranged from 0 to 30.4%, mean of 8.4%. In addition, surveys conducted more recently (2015: 15.7%; 2016: 9.2%; 2017: 15.9%) and in Asia (14.57%) estimated higher mean prevalence rates. Conclusion: the prevalence of colonization by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus among nursing professionals found in the various national and international studies is still significant, which reinforces the need to adopt active surveillance programs as a strategy to detect asymptomatic cases and contribute to break the chain of transmission of infections
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Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa do Profissional para o Paciente , Controle de Infecções , Pessoal de SaúdeRESUMO
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is a worldwide concern given its presence even in non-hospitalized healthy individuals, such as university students. OBJECTIVE: To identify in the literature the prevalence of colonization by MRSA among healthcare students. DESIGN AND SETTING: Integrative review of the literature conducted in Universidade Federal do Piauí. METHOD: A search for primary studies was performed in the following databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System on-line; Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature; Web of Science; Scopus; and LILACS. RESULTS: This review included 27 studies that demonstrated MRSA infection prevalence ranging from 0.0 to 15.3% among students. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of colonization of MRSA among healthcare students is high, and the nasal cavity was cited as an important reservoir location for these microorganisms.
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Humanos , Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina , Estudantes , Portador Sadio/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Atenção à SaúdeRESUMO
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The pandemic of the new coronavirus has culminated in a scientific race to seek knowledge about this virus and its treatments, vaccines and preventive strategies, in order to reduce its impact on healthcare and economics worldwide. Hence, it is important to recognize the efforts of researchers who are at the forefront of investigations relating to the new coronavirus. OBJECTIVE: The present study was carried out with the aim of analyzing the world scientific production relating to COVID-19. DESIGN AND SETTING: Exploratory and descriptive bibliometric study conducted in the city of Teresina (PI), Brazil. METHOD: ISI Web of Knowledge/Web of Science (WOS) was chosen as the database. Data-gathering was carried out in May 2020. The data analysis was performed using the HistCiteTM software, version 9.8.24, and the VOSviewer bibliometric analysis software, version 1.6.8. RESULTS: 2,625 published papers that included descriptors within the scope of this investigation were identified. These articles were published in 859 different journals that are indexed in WOS, by 9,791 authors who were linked to 3,365 research institutions, located in 105 countries. CONCLUSION: Ascertaining scientific production through a bibliometric analysis is important in order to guide researchers on what has already been produced and what is being researched, so as to be able to address gaps in knowledge through future research.
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Humanos , Editoração/tendências , Bibliometria , COVID-19 , PandemiasRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective To identify symptoms of COVID-19 in adults in the scientific literature. Method Systematic review of studies published from December 1, 2019 to April 21, 2020 from the Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed databases, in order to answer the following research question: "What are the symptoms caused by COVID-19 in adults?" using the keywords "Symptoms", "Clinical Manifestations", "Coronavirus", "COVID-19". Results Of the total 105 references, 13 references that addressed the symptoms of COVID-19 were selected. Fever and normal or dry cough were symptoms present in all studies. Conclusion The symptoms identified in adult patients were fever, normal or dry cough, headache, pharyngalgia, dyspnea, diarrhea, myalgia, vomiting, sputum or expectoration, anxiety or chest pain, fatigue, nausea, anorexia, abdominal pain, rhinorrhea, runny nose or nasal congestion, dizziness, chills, systemic pain, mental confusion, hemoptysis, asthma, taste disorder, smell disorder, belching and tachycardia.
RESUMEN Objetivo Verificar en la literatura científica las manifestaciones sintomáticas de COVID-19 en adultos. Método Una revisión sistemática realizada en las bases de datos Scopus, Web of Science y PubMed con estudios publicados del 1 de diciembre de 2019 al 21 de abril de 2020, con el fin de responder a la pregunta orientadora: "¿Cuáles son las manifestaciones sintomáticas causada por COVID-19 en adultos?" utilizando las palabras clave: "Síntomas", "Manifestaciones clínicas", "Coronavirus", "COVID-19". Resultados Del total de 105 referencias, se seleccionaron 13 que abordaron las manifestaciones sintomáticas de COVID-19, con fiebre y tos normal o seca presente en todos los estudios. Conclusión Las manifestaciones sintomáticas identificadas en pacientes adultos fueron: fiebre, tos normal o seca, dolor de cabeza, faringalgia, disnea, diarrea, mialgia, vómitos, esputo o expectoración, angustia o dolor en el pecho, fatiga, náuseas, anorexia, dolor abdominal, rinorrea, secreción nasal o congestión nasal, mareos, escalofríos, dolor sistémico, confusión mental, hemoptisis, asma, alteración del gusto, alteración del olfato, eructos y taquicardia.
RESUMO Objetivo Verificar na literatura científica as manifestações sintomáticas da COVID-19 em pessoas adultas. Método Revisão sistemática utilizando as bases Scopus, Web of Science e PubMed com estudos publicados de 1 de dezembro de 2019 a 21 de abril de 2020, a fim de responder à questão norteadora: "Quais as manifestações sintomáticas causada pela COVID-19 em pessoas adultas?" utilizando-se as palavras-chave: "Symptoms", "Clinical Manifestations", "Coronavirus", "COVID-19". Resultados Do total de 105 referências, foram selecionadas 13 que abordaram as manifestações sintomáticas da COVID-19, estando a febre e a tosse normal ou seca presente em todos os estudos. Conclusão As manifestações sintomáticas identificadas nos pacientes adultos foram: febre, tosse normal ou seca, cefaleia, faringalgia, dispneia, diarreia, mialgia, vômito, escarro ou expectoração, angústia ou dor no peito, fadiga, náusea, anorexia, dor abdominal, rinorreia, coriza ou congestão nasal, tontura, calafrios, dor sistêmica, confusão mental, hemoptise, asma, comprometimento do paladar, comprometimento do olfato, arroto e taquicardia.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Sintomas Gerais , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19 , Asma , Vômito , Anorexia , Bases de Dados Bibliográficas , Tosse , Ageusia , Diarreia , Tontura , Fadiga , Febre , Transtornos do OlfatoRESUMO
OBJETIVO: discutir a forma correta de utilização, indicações de uso, eficácia e manejo de cada tipo de máscara, assim como sugerir, conforme evidências científicas e recomendações de órgãos de saúde, alternativas eficazes para aumentar a vida útil deste produto. MÉTODO: revisão narrativa utilizando artigos provenientes das bases de dados PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science, e recomendações de agências de saúde. Realizada em abril de 2020. RESULTADOS: máscaras de proteção respiratória podem ser reutilizadas se estiverem íntegras, limpas e secas. Para aumentar a durabilidade de máscaras cirúrgicas, sugere-se a utilização com papel toalha para absorver a umidade. Máscaras de tecido são recomendadas, desde que sejam lavadas adequadamente para reutilização. CONCLUSÃO: embora necessitem estudos sobre o reaproveitamento de máscaras, com a expansão da COVID-19 e a escassez mundial deste equipamento, torna-se essencial que os profissionais da saúde e a população se mantenham atualizados a respeito das suas recomendações de uso.
OBJETIVO: discutir la forma correcta de utilización, indicaciones de uso, eficacia y manejo de cada tipo de mascarilla, además de sugerir, de conformidad con las evidencias científicas y recomendaciones de los órganos de salud, alternativas eficaces para aumentar la vida útil de este producto. MÉTODO: revisión narrativa con utilización de artículos provenientes de las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science, y recomendaciones de agencias de salud, realizada en abril de 2020.Resultados: las mascarillas de protección respiratoria pueden ser reutilizadas siempre que se encuentren limpias y secas, en tanto y en cuanto mantengan su integridad. Para aumentar la durabilidad de las mascarillas quirúrgicas, se sugiere su utilización con papel absorbente para absorber la humedad. Las mascarillas de tela son recomendables, siempre y cuando se laven adecuadamente para reutilización. Conclusión: aunque sean necesarios estudios acerca del reaprovechamiento de los barbijos, con la expansión del COVID-19 y la escasez mundial de este producto, es imprescindible que, tanto los profesionales de la salud como la población en general, se mantengan actualizados sobre sus recomendaciones de uso.
OBJECTIVE: To discuss the correct use, indications for use, effectiveness and handling of the different types of mask, as well as suggest, based on scientific evidence and recommendations from health agencies, effective ways to increase the useful life of this product. METHOD: Narrative literature review using articles from the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases, and recommendations from health agencies conducted in April 2020.Results: Protective respiratory devices (particulate respirators) can be reused if it is clean, dry and their layers and shape are intact. To increase the durability of surgical masks, the use of paper towels to absorb moisture is suggested. Cloth masks are recommended, as long as they are washed properly for reuse. CONCLUSION: Despite the scarce number of studies on the reuse of masks, given the expansion of COVID-19 and the worldwide shortage of this equipment, health professionals and the population must be constantly updated on the recommendations for use of these protective devices.
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Humanos , Infecções por Coronavirus , Coronavirus , Prevenção de Doenças , Equipamento de Proteção Individual , Máscaras , PandemiasRESUMO
Objetivo: esta revisão buscou informar, por meio da literatura, pesquisas que abordassem a relação entre COVID-19 e os animais domésticos. Métodos: foram selecionados 29 trabalhos nas diferentes bases de dados, datados de 2003 a 2020, e os descritores utilizados foram: "coronavirus animals", "SARS-Cov-2 animals", "SARS-Cov-2 canine", "SARS-Cov-2 feline". Resultados: poucos trabalhos já foram realizados em animais com o objetivo de comprovar se eles podem se infectar com SARS-Cov-2 e transmitir a doença para outros animais e humanos. Os animais que já foram testados positivos com a COVID-19 não apresentaram sinais clínicos da doença, com exceção de alguns felinos, e, possivelmente, contaminaram-se por meio de humanos infectados. Conclusão: No momento, há alguns questionamentos sobre a possibilidade de transmissão humano-animal, não havendo, ainda, nenhuma informação científica comprovada de que cães e gatos sejam importantes transmissores na cadeia epidemiológica da COVID-19, sendo necessários mais estudos e o monitoramento contínuo de animais de estimação.
Objective: This review sought to inform, through the literature, research that addressed the relationship between COVID-19 and domestic animals. Methods: Twenty-nine works were selected in the different databases, dating from 2003 to 2020 and the descriptors used were: "coronavirus animals", "SARS-Cov-2 animals", "SARS-Cov-2 canine", "SARS-Cov-2 feline". Results: Few studies have been carried out on animals with the aim of proving whether they can become infected with SARS-Cov-2 and transmit the disease to other animals and humans. The animals that have already been tested positive with COVID-19 did not show clinical signs of the disease, except for a few felines, and possibly contaminated by infected humans. Conclusion: At the moment, there are some questions about the possibility of human-animal transmission, and there is still no proven scientific information that dogs and cats are important transmitters in the epidemiological chain of COVID-19, and further studies and ongoing monitoring of pets are required.
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Infecções por Coronavirus , Betacoronavirus , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa , Animais DomésticosRESUMO
RESUMO Objetivo: monitorar as cepas de Staphylococcus aureus resistentes ou não à oxacilina, entre estudantes da graduação em enfermagem, com ênfase no processo de colonização. Método: estudo transversal de prevalência, realizado com 138 estudantes de Enfermagem. As amostras biológicas da cavidade nasal foram coletadas em junho de 2015, utilizando-se swabs estéreis, posteriormente submetidos a testes confirmatórios de catalase e coagulase. Os Staphylococcus aureus isolados tiveram seus perfis de sensibilidade determinados por meio da técnica de Kirby Bauer. Foram realizadas análises descritivas, univariadas e bivariadas. Resultados: a prevalência de Staphylococcus aureus foi de 21,7. Com relação ao perfil de resistência, 24,1% das cepas se mostraram resistentes à oxacilina, sendo a ampicilina o antimicrobiano com maior resistência (82,8%). Conclusão: a cavidade nasal é importante reservatório de S. aureus em estudantes de Enfermagem. O perfil das linhagens isoladas evidencia o aumento da resistência de Staphylococcus aureus a antimicrobianos, como a oxacilina.
RESUMEN Objetivo: monitorear las cepas de Staphylococcus aureus resistentes o no a oxacilina entre estudiantes de curso de graduación en enfermería, con énfasis en el proceso de colonización. Método: estudio transversal de prevalencia, realizado con 138 estudiantes de Enfermería. Muestras biológicas de la cavidad nasal recolectadas en junio de 2015, utilizándose swabs estériles, sometidos posteriormente a tests confirmatorios de catalasa y coagulasa. Se determinaron perfiles de sensibilidad de los Staphylococcus aureus aislados mediante técnica de Kirby Bauer. Fueron realizados análisis descriptivos, univariados y bivariados. Resultados: la prevalencia de Staphylococcus aureus fue de 21,7. Respecto al perfil de resistencia, 24,1% de las cepas se mostraron resistentes a oxacilina, resultando la ampicilina el antimicrobiano con mayor resistencia (81,8%). Conclusión: la cavidad nasal constituye importante reservorio de S. aureus en estudiantes de Enfermería. El perfil de las cepas aisladas evidencia un aumento de resistencia del Staphylococcus aureus a antimicrobianos como oxacilina.
ABSTRACT Objective: to monitor bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus that are resistant or not to oxacillin in nursing undergraduate students, with an emphasis on the process of colonization. Method: cross-sectional prevalence study carried out with 138 nursing students. The biological samples of the nasal cavity were collected in June 2015, by means of sterile swabs, which were subsequently submitted to confirmatory tests of catalase and coagulase. Isolated Staphylococcus aureus had their sensitivity profile determined by means of the Kirby Bauer method. Descriptive, univariate and bivariate analyses were performed. Results: the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus was 21.7. Regarding the resistance profile, 24.1% of strains were resistant to oxacillin, with ampicillin being the antimicrobial with the greatest resistance (82.8%). Conclusion: the nasal cavity is an important bacterial flora of S. aureus in nursing students. The profile of isolated strains highlights the increase of Staphylococcus aureus resistance to antimicrobials such as oxacillin.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Cavidade Nasal/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Estudantes de Enfermagem , Brasil , Portador Sadio , Estudos Transversais , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Hospitais Universitários , Controle de Infecções/métodos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Prevalência , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Chondromas are a benign cartilaginous tumor that account for approximately 0.5% of primary intracranial tumors. They usually arise from the synchondrosis of the skull base, being rarely reported elsewhere (dura convexity, falx, or even intraparenchymal). Because they are very rare tumors sharing clinical behavior and imagiological similarities with the much more common meningioma, the clinical diagnosis is frequently mistaken after an initial imaging workup. The authors present a case of a 48-year-old woman, with frequent headaches and an extra-axial tumor arising from the anterior falx, initially diagnosed as a meningioma.
Condromas são tumores cartilaginosos benignos que correspondem por aproximadamente 0,5% dos tumores primários intracranianos. Eles geralmente surgem da sincondrose da base do crânio, sendo raramente registrados em outros locais como a convexidade dural, a foice, até mesmo no parênquima cerebral. Por serem tumores muito raros que compartilham comportamento clínico e imagiológico com meningiomas, o diagnóstico é frequentemente confundido após exame de imagem inicial. Os autores apresentam o caso de uma mulher de 48 anos, com cefaleia frequente e um tumor extra-axial ascendendo da foice anterior, inicialmente diagnosticado como um meningioma.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Neoplasias Encefálicas , Condroma/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Cefaleia/diagnósticoRESUMO
A socio-cognitive developmental perspective suggests that conceptions regarding health and disease processes may present different levels of openness, flexibility, inclusiveness and differentiation, and thus can be ordered into different levels. We present a qualitative study on lay significations regarding health and disease processes, endorsed by 67 adults. The results show that these adults have different socio-cognitive developmental competences related to health and disease processes. For each dimension of significations of health and disease, it is possible to sequence lay person's conceptions developmentally. Each level is distinct qualitatively, including responses characterized by a higher degree of differentiation, integration and complexity than the previous level. Finally, the implications of this approach to clinical and educational methods are discussed.
Na perspectiva do desenvolvimento sociocognitivo, as concepções de saúde e doença podem apresentar diferentes níveis de abertura, flexibilidade, inclusividade e diferenciação e podem ser ordenadas em diferentes níveis de desenvolvimento. O presente estudo incidiu sobre as significações leigas de saúde e doença de um grupo de 67 adultos. Os resultados indicam que esses adultos se situam em diferentes níveis nas suas competências de desenvolvimento sociocognitivo relacionadas com os processos de saúde e doença, tendo sido possível sequenciar as suas significações em níveis distintos. Cada nível é distinto qualitativamente, incluindo respostas caracterizadas por uma maior diferenciação, integração e complexidade em relação ao nível precedente. As implicações dessa abordagem para os métodos clínicos e educativos são discutidas.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Saúde Holística , Doença/psicologia , Promoção da SaúdeRESUMO
Tem havido pouco reconhecimento em psicologia da saúde sobre a contribuiçäo do estudo do ciclo de vida para se compreender melhor a forma como os adultos conceitualizam os processos de saúde e doença. Este artigo descreve uma pesquisa empírica sobre as significaçöes causais e de prevençäo das doenças, ao longo do ciclo de vida do adulto. Foram entrevistadas 67 pessoas, representando as diferentes fases do adulto (jovem adulto, meia-idade e idosos). Os resultados indicaram diferenças no conteúdo das significaçöes nos diferentes subgrupos etários. No final säo apontadas consequências destes dados para a Psicologia da Saúde, especificamente para os programas de Educaçäo para a Saúde