Automatic Microfluidic Harmonized RAA-CRISPR Diagnostic System for Rapid and Accurate Identification of Bacterial Respiratory Tract Infections.

Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) pose a grave threat to human health, with bacterial pathogens being the primary culprits behind severe illness and mortality. In response to the pressing issue, we developed a centrifugal microfluidic chip integrated with a recombinase-aided amplification (RAA)-clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) system to achieve rapid detection of respiratory pathogens. The limitations of conventional two-step CRISPR-mediated systems were effectively addressed by employing the all-in-one RAA-CRISPR detection method, thereby enhancing the accuracy and sensitivity of bacterial detection. Moreover, the integration of a centrifugal microfluidic chip led to reduced sample consumption and significantly improved the detection throughput, enabling the simultaneous detection of multiple respiratory pathogens. Furthermore, the incorporation of Chelex-100 in the sample pretreatment enabled a sample-to-answer capability. This pivotal addition facilitated the deployment of the system in real clinical sample testing, enabling the accurate detection of 12 common respiratory bacteria within a set of 60 clinical samples. The system offers rapid and reliable results that are crucial for clinical diagnosis, enabling healthcare professionals to administer timely and accurate treatment interventions to patients.

Consecutive positive nucleic acid tests in COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study in Fangcang hospitals, Shanghai.

INTRODUCTION: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread rapidly in Shanghai in February 2022. Patients with asymptomatic and mild symptoms were admitted to Fangcang shelter hospitals for centralized quarantine. METHODOLOGY: A total of 5,217 non-severe patients hospitalized in the Longyao Fangcang and Shilong Fangcang hospitals were included in the study. Demographic and clinical characteristics, comorbidity, exposure history, treatment and disease duration were analyzed. Univariate analysis and binomial logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the factors influencing nucleic acid change from positive to negative over 14 days. RESULTS: Consecutive positive nucleic acid test results (days) were significantly associated with advanced age (OR = 1.343, 95% CI 1.143 to 1.578, p < 0.001), smoking (OR = 0.510, 95% CI 0.327 to 0.796, p = 0.003) and vaccination (OR = 0.728, 95% CI 0.641 to 0.827, p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between asymptomatic and mild symptomatic patients (p = 0.187). In univariate analysis, comorbidities including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular system, malignant tumors, autoimmune diseases and cerebral apoplexy were associated with consecutive positive nucleic acid test results, but there was no significant difference in binomial logistics regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Aging and comorbid conditions lead to the prolongation of positive nucleic acid test results for several days. Improving vaccination coverage is beneficial for prevention and control of the epidemic. The management and treatment methods of Shanghai Fangcang shelter hospitals had important referential significance, which can provide valuable guidance for the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic in the future.

Mediating roles of activities of daily living and depression on the relationship between sleep quality and health-related quality of life.

This study aimed to explore the mediating effects of ADL and depression on the relationship between sleep quality and HRQOL among older people in rural China, while also exploring the moderating impact of loneliness. The study gathered data from a household survey conducted among 1587 Chinese rural older adults (mean age = 73.63 years). The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 software (IBM, New York, USA) and the PROCESS macro version 4.0 program. The findings indicated a significant correlation between sleep quality, ADL, depression, loneliness and HRQOL. ADL and depression exhibited a chain mediation effect on the relationship between sleep quality and HRQOL. Notably, the association between sleep quality and HRQOL was entirely mediated by ADL and depression. Additionally, loneliness acted as a moderator in the relationship between ADL and HRQOL. The findings of this study suggest that interventions focusing on sleep quality should prioritize strategies for enhancing older adults' ADL and depression as integral components of promoting older adults' HRQOL.

Socioeconomic Status Plays a Moderating Role in the Association Between Multimorbidity and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Cancer Patients.

This study aimed to explore the moderating role of socioeconomic status (SES) in the association between multimorbidity and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among cancer patients in Anhui China. A total of 560 cancer patients were recruited for the cross-section study. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Tobit regression analysis was employed to investigate the relationship between multimorbidity and HRQOL as well as to assess the moderating effect of SES. The research findings indicated that 76.61% of cancer patients experienced multimorbidity, with psychological multimorbidity being the most prevalent (45.54%), followed by physical-psychological multimorbidity (20.89%). Moreover, physical-psychological multimorbidity had the most substantial adverse effect on HRQOL (P < .001). The presence of multimorbidity was correlated with a significant decline in HRQOL, with a 17.5% (P < .001) decrease in HRQOL for each additional multimorbidity. Additionally, SES played a significant role in moderating the impact of multimorbidity on HRQOL in cancer patients. (Marginal effect = -0.022, P < .01). The high SES group exhibited a higher overall HRQOL than the low SES group (Marginal effect = 0.068, P < .001). And with the increase of multimorbidity, HRQOL in the higher SES showed a more pronounced downward trend, compared with the lower SES (ß = -.270 vs ß = -.201, P < .001). Our findings underscore the importance of preventing and managing multimorbidity in cancer patients, particularly those with low SES. Furthermore, it is essential to consider the impact of the rapid decline in HRQOL as the number of multimorbidity increases in individuals with higher SES. It is imperative to explore interdisciplinary and continuous collaborative management models.