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1.
P R Health Sci J ; 34(3): 117-27, 2015 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26356735

RESUMO

This article describes the methodology of the first population-based study of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among women aged 16-64 years residing in the San Juan Metropolitan Area of Puerto Rico (PR). The sample was identified through a complex sampling design of households. The sampling frame was selected in four stages, using census tracts maps from the Census Bureau. Women completed a face-to-face interview and a computer-assisted self-interview using the Audio CASI system, for the collection of demographic, clinical, and lifestyle variables, and sampling acceptability. Anal, cervical, and oral specimens were collected through self-collection methods for HPV DNA testing using a modified pool of MY09/MY11 consensus HPV L1 and human ß-globin amplification primers. Anthropometric measurements were taken using the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey methodology. Blood samples were collected to create a bio-repository for future HPV-related studies. Fifty census tract blocks were randomly selected. We recruited 566 women, with a response rate of 83.4%. Response rates did not vary by age-group (p>0.05); although they varied by socioeconomic (SES) census block stratums (p<0.05), response rates were good (>75%) in all SES strata. All participants agreed to respond to the surveys and provide the requested anogenital and oral samples. Overall, more than 98% understood and more than 50% felt comfortable with the cervical, anal, and oral self-collection methods used. This article documents the feasibility of performing population-based studies for HPV surveillance in women in PR.


Assuntos
DNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , Papillomaviridae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Papillomavirus/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Infecções por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Vigilância da População/métodos , Porto Rico/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem
2.
Invest Clin ; 46(3): 219-28, 2005 Sep.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16152778

RESUMO

With the aim of evaluating the nutritional status of institutionalized elders in different geriatric units of the metropolitan area of Caracas, 126 subjects with ages between 60 and 96 years old were evaluated. The Mini Nutritional Assessment was applied and were identified 48.4% individuals with nutritional risk, 5.6% malnourished and 46% without nutritional problems. Females presented higher prevalences of malnutrition and risk, while males presented an adequate nutritional state. By sex and age, females and males over 80 years presented a higher prevalence of malnutrition and risk when they were compared whit those younger. A low dayly liquid intake, a BMI equal or under of 23 kg/m2 and a limited physical performance were the items that presented the highest prevalence among the studied elders. In conclusion, the high prevalence of malnutrition risk in this population group, remarks the necessity to include into the global geriatric evaluation, a quick, simple and non-invasive instrument that allows to estimate the nutritional status of the elders.


Assuntos
Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos , Institucionalização , Estado Nutricional , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Venezuela
3.
Invest Clin ; 46(2): 139-56, 2005 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16001746

RESUMO

Most of the anthropometric standards are derived from adult populations but not from older subjects, so their use to evaluate the nutritional status in the elderly may not be the most appropriate. In this sense, the anthropometric characteristics and their relationship to sex and age in a cross-sectional sample of 809 Venezuelan subjects (370 males and 439 females), aged 60 to 102 years old, randomly selected from a elderly institution-alised population were studied. The results indicate that anthropometric variables show different degrees and signs of sexual dimorphism. Males presented higher stature, weight, waist and calf circumferences and higher bone diameters, while females have higher hip and thigh perimeters, and bigger trunk and extremities skinfolds. Independently of the changes observed in these variables with age, the difference spread between the sexes tends to stay and even to increase with age in the height and weight, in hip perimeter and in thigh and calf skinfolds; while, on the contrary, they attenuate in waist perimeter and in triceps, subescapular and suprailiac skinfolds. Males and females appear to be more similar for these variables in the advanced ages. In general, these results could be used as reference elements for similar researches in Venezuela, due to the low number of studies developed in the country in older populations


Assuntos
Antropometria , Institucionalização , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Braço/anatomia & histologia , Estatura , Índice de Massa Corporal , Peso Corporal , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valores de Referência , Estudos de Amostragem , Caracteres Sexuais , Dobras Cutâneas , Venezuela/epidemiologia , Relação Cintura-Quadril
4.
Invest. clín ; 46(3): 219-228, sept. 2005. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-419032

RESUMO

Con el propósito de evaluar el estado nutricional de adultos mayores institucionalizados en distintos Centros Geriátricos en el Área Metropolitana de Caracas, se evaluaron 126 voluntarios entre 60 y 96 años (70 mujeres y 56 hombres), a quienes se les aplicó el Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). El instrumento identificó riesgo nutricional en 48,4 por ciento de los sujetos, con malnutrición 5,6 por ciento y 46,0 por ciento sin problemas nutricionales; las mujeres presentaron las mayores prevalencias de malnutrición y riesgo, mientras que los hombres un estado nutricional adecuado. Por sexo y edad, las mujeres y los hombres de 80 años y más mostraron las mayores prevalencias de malnutrición y riesgo cuando fueron comparados con aquellos de menor edad. Un bajo consumo de líquidos por día, un IMC inferior o igual a 23 kg/m2 y un limitado desempeño físico fueron los elementos que se observaron con mayor frecuencia en los adultos mayores evaluados. En conclusión, la alta prevalencia de riesgo de malnutrición en este grupo poblacional, indica la necesidad de incluir dentro de la valoración geriátrica integral, un instrumento de evaluación del estado nutricional, rápido, sencillo y no invasivo


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Feminino , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estado Nutricional , Geriatria , Venezuela
5.
Invest. clín ; 46(2): 139-156, jun. 2005. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-413978

RESUMO

La mayoría de los valores antropométricos de referencia son derivados de población adulta, pero no de grupos de edad avanzada, por lo que su aplicación para la evaluación de ancianos pudiera no ser apropiado. En este sentido, se estudiaron características antropométricas y su relación con el sexo y la edad en una muestra transversal de 809 adultos venezolanos (370 hombres y 439 mujeres) con edades comprendidas entre los 60 y 102 años. Los resultados indicaron que las variables antropométricas son de diferentes grados y signo en cuanto al dimorfismo sexual. Los hombres poseen a todas las edades una mayor estatura, peso, circunferencias de cintura y pantorrilla y mayores diámetros óseos, mientras que las mujeres tienen mayores perímetros de cadera y muslo, y un mayor espesor de los pliegues del tronco y extremidades. Con independencia de los cambios observados en estas variables con la edad, las diferencias entre sexos tienden a mantenerse e incluso a aumentar con la edad, en la estatura y el peso, en el perímetro de la cadera y en los pliegues del muslo y de la pantorrilla, mientras que, por el contrario, se atenúan en el perímetro de la cintura y en los espesores del tríceps, del subescapular y del suprailíaco. Los varones y las mujeres son más parecidos en estas variables en las edades avanzadas. En líneas generales, los resultados obtenidos pudieran servir como elementos de referencia para trabajos similares en Venezuela, dado el bajo número de trabajos desarrollados en población anciana en el país


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pesos e Medidas Corporais , Envelhecimento/fisiologia , Antropometria/métodos , Estudos Transversais , Institucionalização , Caracteres Sexuais , Venezuela
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