Management of Anesthesia in Adult and Pediatric Mastocytosis: A Study of the Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA) Based on 726 Anesthetic Procedures.

BACKGROUND: The role of anesthesia as an elicitor of mast cell (MC) mediator release symptoms in mastocytosis is poorly investigated. OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency and type of MC mediator release symptoms during anesthetic procedures in mastocytosis patients. METHODS: Medical records were reviewed regarding the anesthetic techniques for 501 mastocytosis patients (459 adults and 42 children; 95 and 5% with systemic involvement, respectively) who were subjected to 676 and 50 anesthetic techniques, respectively. General, sedation, epidural, and local anesthetic techniques were used in 66 (10%), 67 (10%), 76 (11%), and 515 (76%) adult patients and in 24 (48%), 8 (16%), 2 (4%), and 25 (50%) pediatric patients. RESULTS: The frequency of perioperative MC mediator-related symptoms and anaphylaxis was 2 and 0.4% in the adult series and 4 and 2% among children. In the adult series, this frequency was significantly higher in patients who previously presented with anaphylaxis (p = 0.03), underwent major surgeries (p < 0.001) and general anesthesia (p = 0.02), and were not given prophylactic antimediator therapy (PAT) 1 h before the anesthesia (H1/H2 antihistamines and benzodiacepines; p = 0.002).Hypersensitivity and/or allergy to the involved drugs and latex allergy were ruled out in all but one symptomatic case; when PAT was given and sedation was added, some cases later tolerated the same anesthetic drugs. CONCLUSION: The frequency of perioperative anaphylaxis appears to be higher in mastocytosis patients than in the general population. Mastocytosis should not be a contraindication for anesthesia since PAT and adequate anesthetic management using the drugs with the safest profile appears to be effective in preventing/controlling MC mediator-associated symptoms.

Nonaggressive systemic mastocytosis (SM) without skin lesions associated with insect-induced anaphylaxis shows unique features versus other indolent SM.

BACKGROUND: Indolent systemic mastocytosis (ISM) without skin lesions (ISMs(-)) shows a higher prevalence in males, lower serum baseline tryptase levels, and KIT mutation more frequently restricted to bone marrow (BM) mast cells (MCs) than ISM with skin lesions (ISMs(+)). Interestingly, in almost one-half of ISMs(-) patients, MC-mediator release episodes are triggered exclusively by insects. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine the clinical and laboratory features of ISMs(-) associated with insect-induced anaphylaxis (insectISMs(-)) versus other patients with ISM. METHODS: A total of 335 patients presenting with MC activation syndrome, including 143 insectISMs(-), 72 ISMs(-) triggered by other factors (otherISMs(-)), 56 ISMs(+), and 64 nonclonal MC activation syndrome, were studied. RESULTS: Compared with otherISMs(-) and ISMs(+) patients, insectISMs(-) cases showed marked male predominance (78% vs 53% and 46%; P < .001), a distinct pattern of MC-related symptoms, and significantly lower median serum baseline tryptase levels (22.4 vs 28.7 and 45.8 µg/L; P ≤ .009). Moreover, insectISMs(-) less frequently presented BM MC aggregates (46% vs 70% and 81%; P ≤ .001), and they systematically showed MC-restricted KIT mutation. CONCLUSIONS: ISMs(-) patients with anaphylaxis triggered exclusively by insects display clinical and laboratory features that are significantly different from other ISM cases, including other ISMs(-) and ISMs(+) patients, suggesting that they represent a unique subgroup of ISM with a particularly low BM MC burden in the absence of adverse prognostic factors.

Aproximaciones a la práctica de Terapia Ocupacional en salud pública: una revisión temática / Approaches to Occupational Therapy practice in public health: A thematic review / Abordagens para a prática da Terapia Ocupacional em saúde pública: uma revisão temática

La Terapia Ocupacional ha ampliado su actuación en diferentes campos, uno de ellos, el de la salud pública. Este artículo realiza una aproximación a los antecedentes de la práctica de la profesión en ese escenario. Para identificar este recorrido, se revisaron 18 artículos, tres documentos institucionales y dos tesis de pregrado en los cuales se encontraron antecedentes teóricos, de investigación y experiencias en Sudáfrica, India, España, Canadá, Estados Unidos, Chile, Brasil, Argentina, Venezuela y Colombia. Se enfatizó en el contexto colombiano identificando aspectos relevantes en el Perfil profesional y competencias del terapeuta ocupacional. Se concluye que la Terapia Ocupacional puede generar un impacto determinante desde la atención primaria en salud, a partir de acciones a nivel individual y colectivo que contribuyen al mejoramiento de la salud de las comunidades.

Occupational Therapy has broadened its performance in different fields, including public health. This article approaches the background of Occupational Therapy practice in that field. Upon revision of 18 articles, three institutional documents and two undergraduate dissertations to identify this path, we found theoretical and research background, and experiences in South Africa, India, Spain, Canada, United States, Chile, Brazil, Argentina, Venezuela, and Colombia. The Colombian context was further explored, identifying relevant aspects of the occupational therapist's professional profile and competencies. It was concluded that occupational therapy could generate a decisive impact right from primary health care, and from both individual and collective actions, which can contribute to improving health in communities.

A Terapia Ocupacional tem ampliado sua atuação em diversos campos, um deles é o da saúde pública. Este artigo apresenta uma abordagem de antecedentes do exercício da profissão neste cenário. Para identificar este percurso, foram revisados 18 artigos, três documentos institucionais e dois trabalhos de graduação, nos quais foram encontrados antecedentes teóricos, de pesquisa e de experiência na África do Sul, Índia, Espanha, Canadá, Estados Unidos, Chile, Brasil, Argentina, Venezuela e Colômbia. Enfatizou-se, no contexto colombiano, identificações de aspectos relevantes no perfil profissional e nas competências do terapeuta ocupacional. Conclui-se que a Terapia Ocupacional pode gerar impacto decisivo a partir da atenção primária à saúde, com ações de nível individual e coletivo, que contribuam para a melhoria da saúde das comunidades.

Terapia Ocupacional en la ruralidad: una experiencia en La Macarena, Meta / Occupational Therapy in the rural setting: an experience in La Macarena, Meta / Terapia Ocupacional na ruralidade: uma experiência em La Macarena, Meta

La firma del Acuerdo de Paz entre el Gobierno Nacional y las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP) abrió una ventana de oportunidad para contribuir en la transformación de las condiciones de vida y salud de las comunidades rurales. Este artículo presenta la experiencia de un grupo de terapeutas ocupacionales quienes, como parte de un proyecto de extensión universitaria, se propusieron aportar al fortalecimiento de las capacidades comunitarias para la atención primaria en salud de comunidades y organizaciones sociales del municipio de La Macarena (Meta, Colombia). La sistematización, como camino metodológico, hizo posible reconstruir la experiencia vivida en el territorio, en diálogo con la apuesta política del proyecto. Las reflexiones emergentes alrededor de la vida cotidiana y del lugar de la Terapia Ocupacional comunitaria mostraron desafíos y aprendizajes sobre el tiempo, el espacio y las identidades de la profesión en este campo. Los resultados de la puesta en acción de estrategias desde Terapia Ocupacional reafirman el compromiso ético para aportar en la disminución de las inequidades sociales.

The signing of the peace agreement between the National Government and Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia ­ People's Army (FARC -EP) opened a new opportunity to contribute to the transformation of life and health conditions of rural communities. This article presents the experience of a group of occupational therapists who, as part of a university extension project, set out to contribute to the strengthening of the community capacities for primary health care for communities and social organizations of the Macarena (Meta, Colombia.) Systematization as a methodological path, enabled the reconstruction of the lived experience, which was put in dialogue alongside the political commitment of the project. Emerging reflections around daily life and the role of community occupational therapy showed the challenges and learning opportunities about time, space and identities of occupational therapy in this setting. The results of the implementation strategies from Occupational Therapy reaffirm the ethical commitment of the profession to contribute to reducing social inequities.

A assinatura do Acordo de Paz entre o Governo Nacional e o Exército do Povo das Forças Armadas Revolucionárias da Colômbia (FARC-EP) abriu uma janela de oportunidade para contribuir com a transformação das condições de vida e de saúde das comunidades rurais. Este artigo apresenta a experiência de um grupo de terapeutas ocupacionais que, articulados a um projeto de extensão universitária, se propuseram a contribuir para o fortalecimento das capacidades comunitárias de atenção primária à saúde de comunidades e organizações sociais no município de Macarena. A sistematização, como caminho metodológico, gerou a reconstrução da experiência vivida, em que foi colocada em diálogo com o território e o compromisso político do projeto. Reflexões emergentes sobre a vida cotidiana e o local da terapia ocupacional comunitária, mostraram desafios e aprendizagens sobre o tempo, espaço e identidades da referida terapia. Os resultados da implementação de estratégias reafirmam o compromisso ético da nossa profissão, a fim de contribuir para a redução das iniquidades sociais.

Serum tryptase monitoring in indolent systemic mastocytosis: association with disease features and patient outcome.

BACKGROUND: Serum baseline tryptase (sBT) is a minor diagnostic criterion for systemic mastocytosis (SM) of undetermined prognostic impact. We monitored sBT levels in indolent SM (ISM) patients and investigated its utility for predicting disease behaviour and outcome. METHODS: In total 74 adult ISM patients who were followed for ≥48 months and received no cytoreductive therapy were retrospectively studied. Patients were classified according to the pattern of evolution of sBT observed. RESULTS: Overall 16/74 (22%) cases had decreasing sBT levels, 48 (65%) patients showed increasing sBT levels and 10 (13%) patients showed a fluctuating pattern. Patients with significantly increasing sBT (sBT slope ≥0.15) after 48 months of follow-up showed a slightly greater rate of development of diffuse bone sclerosis (13% vs. 2%) and hepatomegaly plus splenomegaly (16% vs. 5%), as well as a significantly greater frequency of multilineage vs. mast cells (MC)-restricted KIT mutation (p = 0.01) together with a greater frequency of cases with progression of ISM to smouldering and aggressive SM (p = 0.03), and a shorter progression-free survival (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Monitoring of sBT in ISM patients is closely associated with poor prognosis disease features as well as with disease progression, pointing out the need for a closer follow-up in ISM patients with progressively increasing sBT values.