Promoting health literacy in people with intellectual disabilities via explanatory videos: scoping reviews.

People with intellectual disabilities have a significant lower level of health literacy compared to the general population which exacerbates participation of the target group. Therefore, people with ID shall be strengthened with regard to health literacy. Explanatory videos are a promising approach to reach that goal. Yet, explanatory videos are neither frequently used in people with intellectual disabilities nor is known a lot about the efficacy of explanatory videos. Two scoping reviews were conducted. One review is an update of an existing review dealing with Health Literacy in people with intellectual disabilities. The second review focused on explanatory videos and people with intellectual disabilities. CINAHL, PubMed, PubPsych and Web of Science were searched. Health Literacy and intellectual disability: nine publications were identified: five publications focused on several aspects of Health Literacy in the target group. A total of four publications discussed ways to increase Health Literacy in people with intellectual disabilities. One publication described existing barriers in accessing and understanding health-related information for people with intellectual disabilities. Explanatory videos and intellectual disability: No eligible publications could be found. The conceptual discussion on health literacy in people with intellectual disabilities is continuing. Nevertheless, often only small subgroups are addressed. Although ideas for increasing health literacy in people with intellectual disabilities exist, there are only little interventions that were scientifically evaluated. There are publications that deal with explanatory videos in the context of intellectual disability, but they do not focus on the efficacy of these videos or special needs of the target group.

There is an ongoing scientific discussion about health literacy and people with intellectual disabilities which is still located on a conceptual level. Most of the literature that was identified via one of the scoping reviews deals with certain aspects of health literacy. Some studies examined interventions that aim at improving health literacy in people with intellectual disabilities. A fairly disregarded intervention for increasing health literacy can be found in explanatory videos. Yet, there are hardly any studies that evaluate the effectiveness of using explanatory videos for people with intellectual disabilities. Therefore, a project at the University of Applied Sciences Bielefeld develops and evaluates explanatory videos for the target group. Their health literacy shall be strengthened.

[Impact of assisted vacations on female caregivers' burden]. / Betreute Urlaube als Entlastungsangebot am Beispiel von pflegenden Frauen ­ eine qualitative Studie.

Impact of assisted vacations on female caregivers' burden Abstract. BACKGROUND: In everyday life, female caregivers experience various burdens due to their responsibilities and challenges. To relief and regenerate from the stressful daily routine, assisted vacations may be a viable option. Previously, there were no empirical findings available that focus on requirements and expectations of female caregivers. Neither do they provide information about the organisation nor do they provide information about the implementation of assisted vacations. AIM: The aim of the study was to collect data concerning the attitudes and expectations of female caregivers about assisted vacations to identify positive effects and elements. METHODS: Ten problem-centered interviews with female caregivers, a group interview with four staff members of a supplier of assisted vacations, and one expert interview with the management of the supplier were operated. To analyse the gathered data the qualitative content analysis by 13-2Gläser & Laudel was conducted (2010). RESULTS: A specific anamnesis beforehand the assisted vacations, a continuous development of trust and relationships as well as a professional proactive support and take-over of nursing activities can help female caregivers to enjoy restful and relieving holidays. Six identified conditions contribute to experience a recreative assisted vacation. CONCLUSIONS: Staff members who accompany assisted vacations get lots of information about family caregivers. This could be used for ongoing support of family caregivers after the assisted vacations to reduce their burden.

Health Literacy of People with Intellectual Disabilities: How Meaningful Is the Social Context for a Target Group-Oriented Model of Health Literacy?

Health literacy is primarily understood as an individual construct. People with intellectual disabilities still seem to be a "hidden" population in health literacy research. A target-orientated health literacy approach for this population is needed for developing precise and effective interventions that consider social context dimensions. Therefore, the following research question was answered: Which dimensions influence the health literacy of people with intellectual disabilities? A secondary data analysis containing 38 guided interviews with people with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities was conducted. The analysis followed the content analysis by Schreier (2012). Six main dimensions were inductively outlined, which are "interpersonal relationship", "organizations and communities", "healthcare system", "education", "digital interaction spaces", "politics", and "cultural contexts". All these dimensions influence people with intellectual disabilities on an individual level regarding their level of health literacy. The importance of these single dimensions becomes clear, although for now, the link between all these dimensions is not yet considered. In future research, the focus should be on how to develop interventions considering social context dimensions. Furthermore, analyzing the connection between those dimensions seems promising.