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1.
Curr Oncol Rep ; 22(2): 18, 2020 02 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32030524

RESUMO

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Pain is multifactorial and complex, often with a genetic component. Pharmacogenomics is a relative new field, which allows for the development of a truly unique and personalized therapeutic approach in the treatment of pain. RECENT FINDINGS: Until recently, drug mechanisms in humans were determined by testing that drug in a population and calculating response averages. However, some patients will inevitably fall outside of those averages, and it is nearly impossible to predict who those outliers might be. Pharmacogenetics considers a patient's unique genetic information and allows for anticipation of that individual's response to medication. Pharmacogenomic testing is steadily making progress in the management of pain by being able to identify individual differences in the perception of pain and susceptibility and sensitivity to drugs based on genetic markers. This has a huge potential to increase efficacy and reduce the incidence of iatrogenic drug dependence and addiction. The streamlining of relevant polymorphisms of genes encoding receptors, transporters, and drug-metabolizing enzymes influencing the pain phenotype can be an important guide to develop safe new strategies and approaches to personalized pain management. Additionally, some challenges still prevail and preclude adoption of pharmacogenomic testing universally. These include lack of knowledge about pharmacogenomic testing, inadequate standardization of the process of data handling, questionable benefits about the clinical and financial aspects of pharmacogenomic testing-guided therapy, discrepancies in clinical evidence supporting these tests, and doubtful reimbursement of the tests by health insurance agencies.


Assuntos
Analgésicos , Dor Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Dor Crônica/genética , Manejo da Dor , Farmacogenética , Analgésicos/metabolismo , Analgésicos/farmacologia , Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Dor Crônica/etiologia , Dor Crônica/metabolismo , Humanos , Inflamação/complicações , Inflamação/imunologia , Farmacogenética/tendências , Polimorfismo Genético
2.
Radiat Oncol J ; 39(1): 48-60, 2021 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33794574

RESUMO

PURPOSE: The integration of large-scale gene data and their functional analysis needs the effective application of various computational tools. Here we attempted to unravel the biological processes and cellular pathways in response to ionizing radiation using a systems biology approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Analysis of gene ontology shows that 80, 42, 25, and 35 genes have roles in the biological process, molecular function, the cellular process, and immune system pathways, respectively. Therefore, our study emphasizes gene/protein network analysis on various differentially expressed genes (DEGs) to reveal the interactions between those proteins and their functional contribution upon radiation exposure. RESULTS: A gene/protein interaction network was constructed, which comprises 79 interactors with 718 interactions and TP53, MAPK8, MAPK1, CASP3, MAPK14, ATM, NOTCH1, VEGFA, SIRT1, and PRKDC are the top 10 proteins in the network with high betweenness centrality values. Further, molecular complex detection was used to cluster these associated partners in the network, which produced three effective clusters based on the Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) score. Interestingly, we found a high functional similarity from the associated genes/proteins in the network with known radiation response genes. CONCLUSION: This network-based approach on DEGs of human lymphocytes upon response to ionizing radiation provides clues for an opportunity to improve therapeutic efficacy.

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