RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The problematic use of mobile phones is a phenomenon that can be associated with a specific individual profile and it has been seen that there are associated factors, although most of them have been studied in a limited way and in small samples. The aim of this study was to describe the association between the problematic use of the mobile phone and social traits, health, and health-related behaviors among high school students. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study performed in a representative sample of students aged 13-18 years in the Lifestyle Risk Factors in Secondary School Students (FRESC) survey conducted in 2016 in Barcelona (n=3,778). Problematic mobile phone use was obtained from the Mobile Related Experiences Questionnaire (CERM). Multivariate logistic regression models were built to assess the relationship between this variable and social, health and behavioural variables. RESULTS: A total of 52% of girls and 44% of boys reported frequent or occasional problems with their mobile phone usage. The factors associated with the dependent variable were poor relationships with the family, mobile phone usage before sleeping or during dinner, inadequate hours of sleep, sedentariness, substance consumption and poor mental health. CONCLUSIONS: The problematic use of the mobile is frequent among students and there are several associated social, health and behavioral factors. There are substantial differences by sex and age, with the strongest associations in younger girls.
OBJETIVO: El uso problemático del teléfono móvil es un fenómeno que puede estar asociado a un perfil individual concreto y se ha visto que hay factores asociados, aunque, mayoritariamente, se han estudiado de forma limitada y en muestras pequeñas. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la asociación entre el uso problemático del teléfono móvil y los rasgos sociales, la salud y las conductas relacionadas con la salud entre estudiantes de Secundaria. METODOS: Se realizó un estudio transversal realizado en una muestra representativa de estudiantes de trece a dieciocho años procedentes de la encuesta Factores de riesgo en el estilo de vida en estudiantes de secundaria (FRESC), realizada en 2016 en Barcelona (n=3.778). El uso problemático del móvil se obtuvo del Cuestionario de experiencias relacionadas con el móvil (CERM). Se construyeron modelos de regresión logística multivariante para evaluar la relación entre esta variable y las variables sociales, de salud y de comportamiento. RESULTADOS: Un total de 52% de chicas y 44% de chicos reportaron problemas frecuentes u ocasionales con el uso de su teléfono móvil. Los factores asociados al uso problemático del teléfono móvil fueron: malas relaciones con la familia; uso del móvil antes de dormir o visionado de pantallas durante la cena; horas de sueño inadecuadas; sedentarismo; consumo de sustancias; y mala salud mental. CONCLUSIONES: El uso problemático del teléfono móvil es frecuente entre los estudiantes y hay varios factores sociales, de salud y comportamientos asociados. Existen diferencias sustanciales por sexo y edad, siendo las asociaciones más fuertes en las chicas más jóvenes.
Assuntos
Telefone Celular , Estudantes , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Espanha/epidemiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estudantes/psicologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In order to improve the strategies of communication and to increase the participation in the screening program, one considers to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of participants and nonparticipants of the Breast Cancer Screening Program (BCSP) in Barcelona (2007), to analyse the degree of satisfaction and knowledge with the programme, and to know the expectations of nonparticipants with respect to the programme. METHODS: Cross-sectional study in a sample of 600 women between 50 and 69 years of age registered in Barcelona. A telephone interview was carried out using a questionnaire composed of 35 questions, grouped in: knowledge of the disease and the programme, satisfaction with the programme, expectations (characteristics which might increase participation) and sociodemographic characteristics. The association between knowledge and satisfaction with the sociodemographic characteristics was analysed by means of bivariate and multivariate analysis (robust poisson models). A descriptive analysis of the expectations of nonparticipants was carried out. RESULTS: Among the 244 nonparticipants interviewed, 160 (65,6%) had middle or superior studies, and 163 (66,8%) were of a privileged social class. Of 356 women that indicated to be participants in the PDPCM 340 (95,5 %) were satisfied with the PDPCM in global. CONCLUSIONS: The degree of satisfaction and knowledge with the programme is very high. The expectations indicated suggest that women receive contradictory messages with regard to periodicity (annual respect biannual) and age range (40-69 respect 50-69).
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Participação do Paciente , Satisfação do Paciente , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Espanha , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Introduction: breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and its relationship with dietary factors particularly dairy products, has been investigated trough several studies but up to now there are still not enough results to confirm the association between breast cancer and dairy products. Objective: the purpose of this systematic review was to expand the number of systematic reviews that to date exist on the relationship between dairy products consumption and risk of breast cancer. A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Scopus and Embase was performed from September 2005 to September 2018 in which one case control and cohorts' studies were included. Results: Eighteen studies were finally selected for the review (10 case-control and 8 cohorts' studies). These studies reported several statistically significant associations (OR, HR, RR) between dairy product consumption and the risk of breast cancer. Seven case-control and four cohorts' studies showed that dairy product consumption was inversely associated with the risk of breast cancer, on the other hand, a positive association was found in two case-control and non- significant association was found between dairy product consumption and the risk of breast cancer in the remaining studies (one case-control and four cohorts' studies) Conclusion: Although an inverse association was observed in most studies, it's difficult to draw conclusions when the methodology methods to collect the dairy product intake and the servings or portions measurements were different in each study. On the other hand, not all studies used the same confounding variable to estimate risk.
INTRODUCCIÓN: Introducción: el cáncer de mama es de los más comunes en mujeres, y su relación con los factores dietéticos y, en particular, con los productos lácteos, ha sido investigada a través de varios estudios, pero hasta ahora no hay resultados suficientes que confirmen la asociación entre cáncer de mama y productos lácteos. Objetivo: ampliar y actualizar el número de revisiones sistemáticas que hasta día de hoy existen sobre la relación entre el consumo de productos lácteos y el cáncer de mama. Metodología: se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus y Embase entre septiembre de 2005 y septiembre de 2018 en la que se incluyeron estudios de casos y controles y estudios de cohortes. Resultados: se seleccionaron 18 estudios (10 estudios de casos-controles y 8 estudios de cohorte). Siete casos-controles y cuatro estudios de cohorte mostraron que el consumo de productos lácteos tenía una asociación inversa con el riesgo de cáncer de mama y, por otro lado, en dos estudios de casos-controles se observó una asociación positiva. No se encontró una asociación significativa entre el consumo de productos lácteos y el cáncer de mama en los restantes estudios (1 caso-control y 4 cohortes). Conclusión: aunque se observó una asociación inversa en la mayoría de los estudios, es difícil sacar conclusiones cuando los métodos metodológicos para recolectar la ingesta de lácteos y las porciones o las mediciones de las porciones fueron diferentes en cada estudio. Por otro lado, no todos los estudios tienen en cuenta las mismas variables de confusión.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/epidemiologia , Laticínios , Cálcio da Dieta , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Introduction: childhood overweight and obesity have increased progressively in the last decades, especially in countries of Southern Europe. Objective: to analyze the association of overweight and obesity childhood in the city of Barcelona according to socioeconomic variables in schoolchildren in third grade primary school. Methods: transversal study. Study population: third grade primary school students in the city of Barcelona in year 2011 (n = 3,624). Body mass index was studied as the dependent variable, and sex, age, social class, parental status, origin, ownership school, neighborhood socioeconomic status of the school and district were studied as independent. Logistic regression models were analyzed, obtaining odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: the prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood were 24.5% and 13.8%, respectively. The variables associated with obesity were: boy (OR = 1.26; 95% CI = 1.02-1.57), low socioeconomic status (OR = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.16-2.20), single-parent family (OR = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.03-1.77), immigrant (OR = 1.68; 95% CI = 1.33-2.13) and living in one of the less favored districts of Barcelona. Conclusions: it is evident that social class, origin, family status and the district of residence play an important role in childhood obesity.
INTRODUCCIÓN: Introducción: el sobrepeso y la obesidad infantil han aumentado progresivamente en las últimas décadas, especialmente en países del sur de Europa. Objetivo: analizar la asociación del sobrepeso y la obesidad infantil en la ciudad de Barcelona según variables socioeconómicas en escolares de tercero de Primaria. Métodos: estudio transversal. Población de estudio: alumnos de tercero de Primaria de la ciudad de Barcelona en el año 2011 (n = 3.624). Como variable dependiente se estudió el índice de masa corporal y como independientes: sexo, edad, clase social, situación parental, procedencia, titularidad de la escuela, nivel socioeconómico del barrio de la escuela y distrito. Se realizaron modelos de regresión logística, obteniendo odds ratio (OR) con sus intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC 95%). Resultados: la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad infantil fue del 24,5% y 13,8%, respectivamente. Las variables asociadas a la obesidad fueron: ser niño (OR = 1,26; IC 95% = 1,02-1,57), de nivel socioeconómico bajo (OR = 1,60; IC 95% = 1,16-2,20), en situación familiar monoparental (OR = 1,35; IC 95% = 1,03-1,77), ser inmigrante (OR = 1,68; IC 95% = 1,33-2,13) y residir en uno de los distritos menos favorecidos de Barcelona. Conclusiones: se evidencia que la clase social, la procedencia, la situación familiar y el distrito de residencia juegan un papel importante en la obesidad infantil.
Assuntos
Obesidade Infantil/epidemiologia , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Espanha/epidemiologia , Saúde da População UrbanaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Childhood overweight and obesity have increased progressively in the last decades, especially in countries of Southern Europe. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of overweight, obesity and its determinants in schoolchildren between 8-9 years old from Barcelona. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of a representative sample of 3,262 schoolchildren in 2011. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated following the criteria established by the World Health Organization (z-scores). Variables on eating behaviour, physical activity and use of new technologies were studied through 2 questionnaires. Logistic regression models were adjusted, obtaining adjusted odds ratio and their confidence intervals (95%). RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight was 24.0% and 12.7% for obesity. Obesity was significantly higher in boys than in girls (14.8% vs 10.8%.). No statistically significant differences were observed in the compliance of recommendations of physical activity practice and use of new technologies according to BMI. Factors associated with obesity in boys were to attend a school located in a neighbourhood of disadvantaged socio-economic status [ORa=1.88 (1.35-2.63)], to belong to an immigrant family [ORa=1.57 (1.12-2.20)], to do not eat at school [ORa=1.76 (1.20-2.59)] and to have some meal alone [ORa=1.95 (1.27-3.00)]. In girls associated factors were to belong to a single-parent family [ORa=1.58 (1.06-2.34)] and to an immigrant family [ORa=1.53 (1.07-2.18)]. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of childhood obesity in Barcelona is high. It is more common in boys, being the social determinants most relevant associated factors.