Incidence and risk factors for suicidal ideation in a sample of Chinese patients with mixed cancer types.

PURPOSE: Suicidal ideation (SI) is often overlooked as a risk factor for people with cancer. Because it is often a precursor for suicidal behavior, it is critical to identify and address SI in a timely manner. This study investigated SI incidence and risk factors in a cohort of Chinese patients with mixed cancer types. METHODS: Data from this cross-sectional study were collected from 588 patients receiving medical therapy for tumors at Nanfang Hospital and the Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine at Southern Medical University. SI was measured using the Self-rating Idea of Suicide Scale (SIOSS). Anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The Chinese version of the Demoralization Scale II (DS-II-C) was used to assess demoralization. Univariate and correlation analyses were used to identify correlative factors of SI and multiple stepwise linear regression analysis was used to characterize potential risk factors. RESULTS: SI was reported in 24.7% of participants and the SIOSS score was 14.00 (13.00, 15.00) in the SI group. Multiple linear regression results showed that demoralization, medical financial burden, cancer type, living condition, caretaker, working state, residence, gender, and marital status explained 32.1% of the SI in this cohort (F = 28.705, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Approximately one-quarter of cancer patients in this study reported SI influenced by both external and internal factors. Characterizing these factors can be informative for prevention and treatment efforts.

Mechanism of Hypervalent Iodine Promoted Fluorocyclization of Unsaturated Alcohols: Metathesis via Double Acids Activation.

Lewis/Bronsted acid activation plays a key role in hypervalent iodine reagent-mediated reactions. In addition to generally accepted cis-activation or trans-activation, this study reveals another important Lewis/Bronsted acid activation mode, the double-activation. Different from the generally proposed iodine(III)iranium SN2 mechanism, the hypervalent difluoro-iodoarene-promoted fluorocyclization of unsaturated alcohol prefers to undergo the metathesis mechanism via an iodine(III)-π intermediate.

Mechanism-Dependent Selectivity: Fluorocyclization of Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids or Alcohols by Hypervalent Iodine.

To understand the unprecedented difference between 6-endo and 5-exo selectivity in hypervalent iodine (III) promoted fluorocyclization of unsaturated carboxylic acids or alcohols by difluoroiodotoluene, density functional theory (DFT) studies have been performed to systematically compare both the previous proposed "fluorination first and cyclization later" mechanism and the alternative "cyclization first and fluorination later" mechanism. Our results revealed that the selectivity is mechanism-dependent. The unsaturated alcohol prefers the fluorination first and the 6-endo-tet cyclization later pathway, leading to the experimentally observed 6-endo ether product. In contrast, the unsaturated carboxylic acid plausibly undergoes the 5-exo-trig cyclization first and the fluorination later to the experimentally observed 5-exo lactone product. The pK a property of the functional group of the substrate is found to play a key role in determining the reaction mechanism. The provided insights into the mechanism-dependent selectivity should help advance the development of fluorocyclization reactions with hypervalent iodine reagents.

Room temperature N-heterocyclic carbene manganese catalyzed selective N-alkylation of anilines with alcohols.

The first example of room temperature non-noble metal homogeneous system catalyzed selective N-alkylation of anilines with alcohols by a bis-NHC manganese complex is presented. This system was applied to a large range of alcohols and anilines, including biologically relevant motifs and challenging methanol. Experimental and computational studies suggest an outer-sphere mechanism for this NHC-Mn system.

Regulating the Optoelectronic Properties of Nickel Dithiolene by the Substituents: A Theoretical Study.

Dithiolene-based complexes show great potential to be applied as materials for organic optoelectronic devices. In this study, we theoretically designed a series of complexes based on nickel dithiolene and its substituted derivatives, the optoelectronic properties of which were comparatively studied by density functional theory (DFT)/time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). The results show that the charge injection property of nickel dithiolene complexes can be significantly improved with introduction of electron-withdrawing groups. The charge transportation property of nickel dithiolene depends on the conjugation degree of the system. The energy gaps between highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) are determined by the substituents, which makes the maximum absorption wavelength red-shift from the visible to the near-infrared (NIR) region. The electron density difference graph shows that the electron transition from the ground state to the first excited state is assigned to π-π* transition mainly from HOMO to LUMO. The regularity of substituent effect revealed by us in this study will shed light on the application of nickel dithiolenes as potential optoelectronic materials.