The anatomical relationship between the roots of erupted permanent teeth and the mandibular canal: a systematic review.

PURPOSE: This study reviewed the literature on the position of the mandibular canal (MC) relative to the root apices (RA) of neighbouring teeth using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS: The authors searched the PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source, Cochrane and Lilacs databases for relevant English-language articles with no year limitations published through January 25, 2018. RESULTS: The search identified 888 articles, 12 of which met the inclusion criteria. Three groups were found based on the measuring method: the shortest distance from the RA to the MC, the vertical distance from the RA to the MC, or the distance from the RA to the superior cortical bone of the MC. In the first and second groups, the shortest distances to the canines, first premolars, second premolars, first molars, second molars, and third molars were 3.8 mm, 4.76 mm, 1.65 mm, 1.23 mm, 0.64 mm, and 1.28 mm, respectively. In the third group, the shortest distances to the second premolars, first molars, and second molars were 2.71 mm, 3.82 mm, and 1.4 mm, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The distance from the MC to the RA was generally shorter in females and younger people, with decreasing distances in patients over 60 years old, and depended on the tooth type. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The protocol for this systematic review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42018085478).

A new option for endovascular treatment of leg ulcers caused by venous insufficiency with fluoroscopically guided sclerotherapy.

INTRODUCTION: Ulcers of lower legs are the most bothersome complication of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). AIM: To assess the effectiveness of endovascular fluoroscopically guided sclerotherapy for the treatment of venous ulcers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-eight limbs in 35 patients with crural venous ulcers were treated with guided sclerotherapy under the control of fluoroscopy. Patients with non-healing ulcers in the course of chronic venous insufficiency, with and without features of past deep vein thrombosis, were qualified for the study. Doppler ultrasound and dynamic venography with mapping of venous flow were performed. Ambulatory venous pressure measurements, leg circumference and varicography were performed just before and following the procedure. RESULTS: In 84% of cases, ulcers were treated successfully and healed. Patients with post-thrombotic syndrome (n = 17) healed in 13 (76.5%) cases, whereas patients without post-thrombotic syndrome (n = 21) healed in 19 (90.5%) cases. The mean time of healing of an ulcer for all patients was 83 days (in the first group it was 121 days and in the second group 67 days). Recurrence of an ulcer was observed in 10 limbs: 6 cases in the first group and 4 cases in the second group. Occurrence of deep vein thrombosis associated with the procedure was not observed. Temporary complications were reported but none giving a serious clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular fluoroscopically guided sclerotherapy can be an alternative method of treatment of venous ulcers, especially in situations when surgical procedures or other options of treatment are impossible.

[Evaluation of the lateral dental wall of sulcus treated with air abrasion technique and with diamond drill seen in SEM]. / Ocena w skaningowym mikroskopie elektronowym (SEM) sciany bruzdy zeba opracowanej metoda abrazyjna i wiertlem diamentowym.

PURPOSE: In aim to improve the effectivness of fissure sealant of the sulcus especially theese witch are long and thin. This work was aimed to compare the lateral wall of sulcus treated by air abrasion technique and by diamond drill with turbine in SEM. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Recently, molar teeth, removed by chirurgical causes were evaluated. The teeth from the first group was treated with diamond drill with turbine, and the second was treated by air abrasion technique. RESULTS: Microretention forms both in first and second group. The structure of enamel surface is different depending on the chosen method. This causes in crease of the adhesion of filling material.