Astrocytoma Mimicking Herpetic Meningoencephalitis: The Role of Non-Invasive Multimodal Monitoring in Neurointensivism.

Neuromonitoring is a critical tool for emergency rooms and intensive care units to promptly identify and treat brain injuries. The case report of a patient with status epilepticus necessitating orotracheal intubation and intravenous lorazepam administration is presented. A pattern of epileptiform activity was detected in the left temporal region, and intravenous Acyclovir was administered based on the diagnostic hypothesis of herpetic meningoencephalitis. The neurointensivist opted for multimodal non-invasive bedside neuromonitoring due to the complexity of the patient's condition. A Brain4care (B4C) non-invasive intracranial compliance monitor was utilized alongside the assessment of an optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) and transcranial Doppler (TCD). Based on the collected data, a diagnosis of intracranial hypertension (ICH) was made and a treatment plan was developed. After the neurosurgery team's evaluation, a stereotaxic biopsy of the temporal lesion revealed a grade 2 diffuse astrocytoma, and an urgent total resection was performed. Research suggests that monitoring patients in a dedicated neurologic intensive care unit (Neuro ICU) can lead to improved outcomes and shorter hospital stays. In addition to being useful for patients with a primary brain injury, neuromonitoring may also be advantageous for those at risk of cerebral hemodynamic impairment. Lastly, it is essential to note that neuromonitoring technologies are non-invasive, less expensive, safe, and bedside-accessible approaches with significant diagnostic and monitoring potential for patients at risk of brain abnormalities. Multimodal neuromonitoring is a vital tool in critical care units for the identification and management of acute brain trauma as well as for patients at risk of cerebral hemodynamic impairment.

Lactococcus garvieae endocarditis: first case report in Latin America.

Lactococcus garvieae, an emerging zoonotic pathogen, is responsible for mastitis in rodents and sepsis in fish. Although deemed opportunistic and hardly ever causing infections in humans, its incidence is probably underestimated due to the difficulty in diagnosis. There are very few reports of osteomyelitis, liver abscess, and peritonitis, and only nine cases of endocarditis described in worldwide literature. We describe the first case of Lactococcus garvieae endocarditis in Latin America, in a female patient with metallic prosthetic heart valve who presented with daily fever, chills, Osler nodes and six positive blood cultures for Lactococcus garvieae, which met Duke's criteria for the diagnosis of "definitive infective endocarditis"

A importância do diagnóstico precoce e tratamento da taquicardiomiopatia / Importance of early diagnosis and treatment of tachycardiomyopathy

A taquicardiomiopatia é uma rara doença caracterizada por disfunção ventricular sistólica e insuficiência cardíaca congestiva causadas por taquiarritmias persistentes ourepetitivas com frequência cardíaca elevada, cujas manifestações clínicas são reversíveis com a normalização do ritmo cardíaco em pacientes sem uma doença estrutural cardíaca estabelecida. Relata-se o caso de paciente não cardiopata que apresentou acidente vascular encefálico como evento inicial, sendo definido na investigação taquicardiomiopatia desencadeada por taquiarritmia persistente.

Tachycardiomyopathy is a rare disease characterized by ventricular systolic dysfunction and heart failure causedby persistent or repetitive tachyarrhythmias with rapidheartbeats, whose clinical manifestations may be reversed by bringing the cardiac rhythm back to normal in patients with no established structural cardiac disease. This casestudy reports on a patient with no heart disease presenting a stroke as the initial event, defined in the research as tachycardiomyopathy triggered by persistent tachyarrhythmia.

Endocardite por lactococcus garvieae: primeiro relato de caso da América Latina / Lactococcus garvieae endocarditis: first case report in Latin America / Endocarditis por lactococcus garvieae: primer relato de caso de América Latina

Lactococcus garvieae, patógeno zoonótico emergente, é responsável por mastite em ruminantes e septicemia em peixes. Embora seja considerado oportunista e raramente causar infecções em humanos, sua incidência deve estar subestimada devido à dificuldade do diagnóstico. Há pouquíssimos relatos de osteomielite, abscesso hepático e peritonite, e apenas nove casos descritos na literatura mundial de endocardite. Relatamos o primeiro caso de endocardite por Lactococcus garvieae da América Latina em paciente portadora de prótese valvar metálica, com quadro de febre diária, calafrios, nodos de Osler e seis hemoculturas positivas para Lactococcus garvieae, que preenchiam os critérios de Duke para o diagnóstico de "endocardite infecciosa definitiva".

Lactococcus garvieae, an emerging zoonotic pathogen, is responsible for mastitis in rodents and sepsis in fish. Although deemed opportunistic and hardly ever causing infections in humans, its incidence is probably underestimated due to the difficulty in diagnosis. There are very few reports of osteomyelitis, liver abscess, and peritonitis, and only nine cases of endocarditis described in worldwide literature. We describe the first case of Lactococcus garvieae endocarditis in Latin America, in a female patient with metallic prosthetic heart valve who presented with daily fever, chills, Osler nodes and six positive blood cultures for Lactococcus garvieae, which met Duke's criteria for the diagnosis of "definitive infective endocarditis".

Lactococcus garvieae, patógeno zoonótico emergente, es responsable por mastitis en rumiantes y septicemia en peces. Aunque sea considerado oportunista y raramente cause infecciones en humanos, su incidencia debe estar subestimada debido a la dificultad del diagnóstico. Hay poquísimos relatos de osteomielitis, absceso hepático y peritonitis, y apenas nueve casos descriptos en la literatura mundial de endocarditis. Relatamos el primer caso de endocarditis por Lactococcus garvieae de América Latina en paciente portadora de prótesis valvar metálica, con cuadro de fiebre diaria, escalofríos, nódulos de Osler y seis hemocultivos positivos para Lactococcus garvieae, que llenaban los criterios de Duke para el diagnóstico de "endocarditis infecciosa definitiva".

Cirurgia combinada em paciente jovem com grave doença de aorta e coronária associadas / Combined procedure in young patient with severe aortic and coronary disease

Este relato de caso clínico teve por finalidade demonstrar a possibilidade de abordagem cirúrgica e percutâneacombinada em pacientes com grave doença arterial aterosclerótica associada: aneurisma de aorta abdominal e doença arterial coronariana. Paciente, 48 anos de idade,com aneurisma de aorta abdominal infrarrenal de 9,4x8,7cm e doença coronariana triarterial. Optou-se pelacirurgia combinada: inicialmente tratamento percutâneo do aneurisma seguido de revascularização miocárdica.Embora haja uma tendência à abordagem inicial da coronariopatia, optou-se primeiramente pelo implanteda endoprótese por se tratar de um aneurisma gigante com risco iminente de ruptura. Apesar da abordagemincomum, apresentou evolução satisfatória.