[The prospects for the further development of the Belokurikha spa and health resort territory in the Altai Krai (region)].

We undertook a balneological survey of the Belokurikha spa and health resort territory with the purpose of distinguishing and identifying the potential health-improvement areas most promising for the extension and optimization of the therapeutic, tourist and recreational activities. The assessment was focused on the characteristic of the landscape and climatic conditions of the territory, the possibilities for the development of the existing resources of mineral waters and therapeutic muds as well as for the discovery of the potential new ones. The recommendations are proposed to promote the development of different forms of tourism with special reference to its medical and health-improvement aspects. It is suggested that the territory of the «Belokurikha¼ resort¼, «Belokurikha-2¼ and «Belokurikha-3¼ health-improvement areas should be integrated into a single spa-and-health resort district of federal importance.

[Prenosologic criteria of health disorders and cardiovascular risk factors in workers engaged into nuclear industry].

Prophylactic study among workers engaged into main production of Siberian chemical enterprise (Seversk city) revealed high frequency of cardiovascular risk factors (overweight, hypodynamia, dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension), low level of adaptational potential and integral somatic health parameter as prenosologic criteria of cardiovascular diseases. The results necessitate recommendations to supplement periodic medical examinations with studies aimed to reveal early criteria of health disorders, and determine priority directions to specify prophylactic measures in nuclear industry workers.

[Joint PET and electrophysiological research on human thinking activity]. / Sovmestnye PET i élektrofiziologicheskie issledovaniia myslitel'noi deiatel'nosti cheloveka.

Recent studies of a group of researchers from the Institute of Human Brain (St.-Petersburg), concerning the role of the distributed brain systems in different kinds of perceptual and cognitive acts, are reviewed in this paper. Principally different approaches were used, i. e., electrophysiological (multi-unit record with implanted electrodes) and positron emission tomography (PET). Possibility and benefit of application of the combined analysis of these different sets of data in order to obtain more detailed information on the work of the brain systems are discussed. On the basis of some examples of such a combined analysis the authors conclude that such a combined approach is the optimal way to reach a deeper insight into the anatomical-functional organization of the human brain.

[Copper and manganese metabolism during the administration of therapeutic doses of iron]. / Osobennosti obmena medi i margantsa pri vvedenii v organizm terapevticheskikh doz zheleza.

Examination of normal men and women with the aid of emission spectral analysis has shown that high muscular training led to the intensification of the retention of iron additionally administered to the body. This indicates concealed deficiency of this element in the body. Administration of therapeutic doses of iron essentially raised copper and manganese excretion from the body. As the iron dose was raised, copper and manganese elimination via the gastrointestinal tract progressed.

[Iron, copper, manganese and zinc metabolism in athletes under high physical pressures]. / Obmen zheleza, medi, margantsa i tsinka u sportsmenov pri bol'shikh fizicheskikh napriazheniiakh.

Following the 50-kilometer ski race qualified athletes showed a significant decrease in the iron plasma content and formed elements of the blood. Concurrently the copper blood content also tended to decrease. The zink content had an opposite line of changes. The reduced zink blood content was associated with the augmented zink concentration in plasma. High physical exertion apart from the diet which was not balanced in trace elements produced the increased excretion of iron, copper, manganese and zink from the body of skiers with feces and partly with urine. Retention of trace elements supplied with the diet and their decreased excretion with feces were seen during rest after high physical exertion. There was also a partial making for trace element losses. The results suggest that the diet of athletes be enriched with trace elements, especially with iron in the course of rehabilitation after intensive training and competitions.

[Analysis of the copper and manganese body allowances of athletes]. / Analiz obespechennosti organizma sportsmenov med'iu i margantsem.

Forty-eight sportswomen of various qualification and 19 women not engaged in the sports were under observation. The total losses of copper and manganese excreted with feces, urine and sweat in the sportswomen under conditions of muscular training proved higher than in the untrained women. During summer the copper and manganese content in a day diet of the sportswomen corresponded to the recommended standards while during winter the copper content was below the normal. Starting the active training in the beginner sportswomen is attended by the copper and manganese accumulation in the blood cells. Meat and weat food stuffs in the Yaroslavi region are rich in copper, with vegetable products showing the highest content of manganese, and dairy products having a low content of copper and manganese.

[Zinc and silicon metabolism in highly trained athletes during heavy exercise]. / Obmen tsinka i kremniia u sportsmenov vysokoi kvalifikatsii pri bol'shikh sportivnykh nagruzkakh.

Trained male athletes were under study. It was found that under the effect of physical stress during the contest in ski race (30 and 50 km) the increase of the zink and silicon levels in the blood plasma correlated with their decrease in the blood cells. A positive zink and silicon equilibrium was observed in the athletes on the day of rest before the contest. Excretion of zinc and especially of silicon through the kidneys and intestine drastically grew on the day of the contest. On the day of rest following the high muscular stress the loss of trace elements appreciably lowered, however, it was higher than that before the contest. The authors recommend the following doses of the trace elements for highly trained athletes: zink--20-25 mg/day, silicon--30-35 mg/day.

[Effect of alcohol on iron, aluminum and zinc balance]. / Izmenenie balansa zheleza, aliuminiia i tsinka pod vliianiem alkogolia.

An increased loss of iron, aluminium and zinc through the intestine and kidneys, creating the preconditions for the development of deficiency of these metals in the body, was recorded in males and females, engaged in sports, after single intake of moderate doses of alcohol. The next day after the alcohol intake males showed elevated retention of iron, aluminium and zinc, while females--that of iron only. In the latter the loss of aluminium and zinc still prevailed over intake of these metals with food.

[Evaluation of immunological responsiveness in female students during an academic year]. / Otsenka immunologicheskoi reaktivnosti u studentok v techenie uchebnogo goda.

Examining 17 untrained female students and 110 trained ones indicated that moderate exercises as aerobic ones did not exert a great impact on most parameters of cellular and humoral immunity. Exclusions were higher absolute counts of B lymphocytes in the trained students than those in the untrained ones at the end of an academic year (in spring). Despite their activity, all the female students were found to have seasonal variations in some immunological parameters. Among other things, the content of immunoglobulins (primarily classes G and A) dropped in winter and particularly in spring as compared to autumn; on the contrary, the parameters of phagocytosis significantly increased in winter versus autumn, then fell in spring months as compared to winter; vive versa, the count of circulating immune complexes substantially reduced in winter as compared with autumn, then showing a trend for an increase in spring, at the end of an academic year.