High-Efficiency and Stable Colloidal One-Dimensional Core/Shell Nanorod Light-Emitting Diodes.

Anisotropic nanocrystals such as nanorods (NRs) display unique linearly polarized emission, which is expected to break the external quantum efficiency (EQE) limit of quantum dot-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs). However, the progress in achieving a higher EQE using NRs encounters several challenges, primarily involving a low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of NRs and imbalanced charge injection in NR-LEDs. In this work, we investigated NR-LEDs based on CdSe/CdZnS/ZnS rod-in-rod NRs with a high PLQY and higher linear polarization compared to those of dot-in-rod NRs. The balanced charge injection is achieved using ZnMgO nanoparticles as the electron transport layer and poly-TPD {poly[N,N'-bis(4-butylphenyl)-N,N'-bis(phenyl)benzidine]} as the hole transport layer. Therefore, the NR-LEDs exhibit a maximum EQE of 21.5% and a maximum luminance of >120 000 cd/m2 owing to the high level of in-plane transitions with a dipole moment of 90%. The NR-LEDs also have greatly inhibited droop in EQE under a high current density as well as outstanding operation lifetime and cycle stability.

Tocilizumab, an IL6-receptor antibody, proved effective as adjuvant therapy for cytokine storm induced by severe infection in patients with hematologic malignancy.

Patients with hematological malignancies who experience severe infections are at risk of developing dangerous complications due to excessive inflammatory cytokines. To improve the prognosis, it is crucial to identify better ways to manage the systemic inflammatory storm after infection. In this study, we evaluated four patients with hematological malignancies who developed severe bloodstream infections during the agranulocytosis phase. Despite receiving antibiotics, all four patients presented elevated serum IL-6 levels as well as persistent hypotension or organ injury. Adjuvant therapy with tocilizumab, an IL-6-receptor antibody, was administered, and three of the four patients showed significant improvement. Unfortunately, the fourth patient died due to multiple organ failure caused by antibiotic resistance. Our preliminary experience suggests that tocilizumab, as an adjuvant therapy, may help alleviate systemic inflammation and reduce risk of organ injury in patients with elevated IL-6 levels and severe infection. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm the effectiveness of this IL-6 targeting approach.

Real-world outcomes and prognostic factors among patients with acute myeloid leukemia treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant lymphohematopoietic tumor that ranks among the most frequent indications for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the application of allo-HSCT for AML and identify prognostic factors to enhance future treatment effect. This retrospective study collected data from 323 patients diagnosed with AML at Peking University First Hospital who underwent allo-HSCT between September 2003 and July 2022. The annual number of transplantations has steadily increased. Our center has observed a rise in the proportion of cytogenetic high-risk and measurable residual disease (MRD) positive patients since 2013, as well as an increase in the number of haploidentical transplantations. The overall leukocyte engraftment time has decreased over the past 20 years. Furthermore, both overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) have significantly improved, while non-relapse mortality (NRM) has significantly decreased since 2013. Multivariate analysis identified transplantation before 2013, patients in complete remission (CR) 2 or non-CR, and recipients older than 50 years as risk factors for NRM, while patients in non-CR and patients with positive MRD are risk factors for recurrence. These findings offer insights into AML treatment outcomes in China, highlighting changes in transplantation practices and the need to reduce post-transplant relapse. Effective interventions, such as MRD monitoring and risk stratification schemes, are crucial for further enhancing transplant outcomes.

Factors predicting self-report adherence (SRA) behaviours among DS-TB patients under the "Integrated model": a survey in Southwest China.

BACKGROUND: China is one of 30 countries with a high tuberculosis (TB) burden, and poor adherence to TB treatment is one of the biggest challenges for TB control. We aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators of treatment adherence among drug-sensitive tuberculosis (DS-TB) patients under the "Integrated model" in Western China, to provide evidence-based treatment and control regimens for DS-TB patients to improve adherence behaviours. METHODS: Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used to explore the factors associated with self-reported adherence (SRA) behaviours. Questionnaire surveys with DS-TB patients and in-depth interviews with leaders from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and community health sectors (CHCs), healthcare workers (HCWs) from CHCs, and DS-TB patients were conducted. RESULTS: A total of 459 eligible patients were included in the quantitative survey, and two patients and 13 healthcare providers were included in the in-depth interviews. The percentage of patients who experienced a missed dose, lack of follow-up sputum examination, and interrupted treatment were 19.0%, 11.3%, and 9.2%, respectively. Patients aged 20-39 had a higher risk of missed dose [OR (95% CI): 2.302 (1.001-5.305)] and a lower risk of interrupted treatment [OR (95% CI): 0.278 (0.077-0.982)] than patients more than 60 years. Patients who were of Han ethnicity (OR [95% CI]: 0.524 [0.301-0.912]) received psychological support (OR [95% CI]: 0.379 [0.144-0.998]) from their family and had a lower risk of missed doses. Patients who had drug side effects had a higher risk of interrupted treatment (OR [95% CI]: 2.587 [1.237-5.412]). Patients who possessed higher knowledge had a lower risk of lack of follow-up sputum examination [OR (95% CI): 0.817 (0.673-0.991)]. The results of the qualitative study also reported that patients' poor TB knowledge was the main reason for their non-SRA behaviours. CONCLUSIONS: Patient-centred strategies should be implemented to improve health literacy and strengthen psychological support. More effective case management should be designed and implemented based on different patient characteristics to improve adherence behaviours in further studies.

STED microscopy reveals in-situ photoluminescence properties of single nanostructures in densely perovskite thin films.

All-inorganic perovskite nanomaterials have attracted much attention recently due to their prominent optical performance and potential application for optoelectronic devices. The carriers dynamics of all-inorganic perovskites has been the research focus because the understanding of carriers dynamics process is of critical importance for improving the fluorescence conversion efficiency. While photophysical properties of excited carrier are usually measured at the macroscopic scale, it is necessary to probe the in-situ dynamics process at the nanometer scale and gain deep insights into the photophysical mechanisms and their localized dependence on the thin-film nanostructures. Stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy with super-resolution beyond the diffraction limit can directly provide explicit information at a single particle level or nanometer scale. Through this unique technique, we firstly study the in-situ dynamics process of single CsPbBr3 nanocrystals(NCs) and nanostructures embedded inside high-dense samples. Our findings reveal the different physical mechanisms of PL blinking and antibunching for single CsPbBr3 NCs and nanostructures that correlate with thin-film nanostructural features (e.g. defects, grain boundaries and carrier mobility). The insights gained into such nanostructure-localized physical mechanisms are critically important for further improving the material quality and its corresponding device performance.

Plasma carbohydrate antigen-125 for prediction of atrial fibrillation recurrence after radiofrequency catheter ablation.

BACKGROUND: Elevated plasma carbohydrate antigen-125 (CA-125) levels are strongly associated with new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure, but the relationship between plasma CA-125 level and AF recurrence following radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) remains poorly investigated. We aimed to assess whether elevated CA-125 levels are related to long-term AF recurrence following RFCA. METHODS: Preoperative CA-125 levels were determined in AF patients undergoing initial RFCA. Multivariate-adjusted Cox models were constructed to determine the relationship between CA-125 levels and AF recurrence. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine predictors of AF recurrence. RESULTS: Of the 353 enrolled patients, 85 patients (24.1%) had AF recurrence at the 12-month follow-up. These patients had significantly higher baseline CA-125 levels than those without AF recurrence [(18.71 ± 12.63) vs. (11.27 ± 5.40) U/mL, P < 0.001]. The incidence of AF recurrence across quartiles 1-4 of CA-125 was 11.5%, 13.3%, 21.6% and 50.0%, respectively (P-trend < 0.001). The adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for AF recurrence across quartiles 1-4 of CA-125 were 1.00 (reference), 1.085 (95% CI, 0.468-2.520), 1.866 (95% CI, 0.867-4.019), and 4.246 (95% CI, 2.113-8.533), respectively (P-trend < 0.001). A similar effect was obtained when CA-125 was studied as continuous data (aHR per unit increase in LnCA-125, 3.225, 95% CI, 2.258-4.606; P < 0.001). When a predefined CA-125 cut-off of 13.75 U/mL was established, patients with CA-125 ≥ 13.75 U/mL had a higher risk of recurrent AF than those with CA-125 < 13.75 U/mL (aHR, 3.540, 95% CI, 2.268-5.525, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed CA-125, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and left atrium anteroposterior diameter as independent risk factors for AF recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated preoperative CA-125 levels are related to a higher risk of AF recurrence and can independently predict AF recurrence following RFCA.

Baseline correction method based on improved adaptive iteratively reweighted penalized least squares for the x-ray fluorescence spectrum.

To solve the problem of baseline drift in the detection of soil samples by x-ray fluorescence spectrum, an improved adaptive iterative weighted penalized least squares (IairPLS) method is proposed to estimate the baseline of x-ray fluorescence spectrum signals. We improved the original exponential weight function to solve the problem of baseline underestimation caused by adaptive iterative weighted penalized least squares. The improved function effectively reduces the risk of baseline underestimation and speeds up the weighting process, achieving good results. In this paper, the MC simulation spectrum and soil real analysis spectrum are used to verify the performance of the algorithm. Finally, the algorithm is compared with previous penalized least squares methods (asymmetric least squares, adaptive iterative reweighted penalized least squares, and multiple constrained reweighted penalized least squares), with the results showing that the proposed method has the least root-mean-square error after baseline correction for optimal smoothing parameters λ and the best relative error of baseline estimation accuracy. Meanwhile, the IairPLS method can effectively improve the quantitative analysis ability of the x-ray fluorescence spectrum. The proposed method can be successfully applied to the actual x-ray fluorescence spectrum, which provides a powerful basis for quantitative analysis.

Spatial-temporal analysis of tuberculosis in Chongqing, China 2011-2018.

BACKGROUND: China is a country with a high burden of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Chongqing is in the southwest of China, where the notification rate of PTB ranks tenth in China. This study analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of PTB in Chongqing in order to improve TB control measures. METHODS: A spatial-temporal analysis has been performed based on the data of PTB from 2011 to 2018, which was extracted from the National Surveillance System. The effect of TB control was measured by variation trend of pathogenic positive PTB notification rate and total TB notification rate. Time series, spatial autonomic correlation and spatial-temporal scanning methods were used to identify the temporal trends and spatial patterns at county level. RESULTS: A total of 188,528 cases were included in this study. A downward trend was observed in PTB between 2011 and 2018 in Chongqing. The peak of PTB notification occurred in late winter and early spring annually. By calculating the value of Global Moran's I and Local Getis's Gi*, we found that PTB was spatially clustered and some significant hot spots were detected in the southeast and northeast of Chongqing. One most likely cluster and three secondary clusters were identified by Kulldorff's scan spatial-temporal Statistic. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified seasonal patterns and spatial-temporal clusters of PTB cases in Chongqing. Priorities should be given to southeast and northeast of Chongqing for better TB control.

Methane alleviates alfalfa cadmium toxicity via decreasing cadmium accumulation and reestablishing glutathione homeostasis.

Although methane (CH4) generation triggered by some environmental stimuli, displays the protective response against oxidative stress in plants, whether and how CH4 regulates plant tolerance against cadmium stress is largely unknown. Here, we discovered that cadmium (Cd) stimulated the production of CH4 in alfalfa root tissues. The pretreatment with exogenous CH4 could alleviate seedling growth inhibition. Less amounts of Cd accumulation was also observed. Consistently, in comparison with Cd stress alone, miR159 transcript was down-regulated by CH4, and expression levels of its target gene ABC transporter was increased. By contrast, miR167 transcript was up-regulated, showing a relatively negative correlation with its target gene Nramp6. Meanwhile, Cd-triggered redox imbalance was improved by CH4, evidenced by the reduced lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide accumulation, as well as the induction of representative antioxidant genes. Further results showed that Cd-triggered decrease of the ratio of reduced/oxidized (homo)glutathione was rescued by CH4. Additionally, CH4-triggered alleviation of seedling growth was sensitive to a selective inhibitor of glutathione biosynthesis. Overall, above results revealed that CH4-alleviated Cd accumulation at least partially, required the modulation of heavy metal transporters via miR159 and miR167. Finally, the role of glutathione homeostasis elicited by CH4 was preliminarily suggested.

Methane enhances aluminum resistance in alfalfa seedlings by reducing aluminum accumulation and reestablishing redox homeostasis.

Methane (CH4) is emerging as a candidate of signal molecule recently. However, whether or how CH4 enhances plant adaptation to aluminum (Al)-contaminated environment is still unknown. In this report, the physiological roles and possible molecular mechanisms of CH4 in the modulation of Al toxicity in alfalfa seedlings were characterized. Our results showed that, CH4 pretreatment could alleviate Al-induced seedling growth inhibition and redox imbalance. The defensive effects of CH4 against Al toxicity including the remission of Al-induced root elongation inhibition, nutrient disorder, and relative electrolyte leakage. Moreover, contents of organic acids, including citrate, malate, and oxalate, were increased by CH4. These results were paralleled by the findings of CH4 regulated organic acids metabolism and transport genes, citrate synthase, malate dehydrogenase, aluminum-activated malate transporter, and aluminum activated citrate transporter. Consistently, Al accumulation in seedling roots was decreased after CH4 treatment. In addition, Al-induced oxidative stress was also alleviated by CH4, through the regulation of the activities of anti-oxidative enzymes, such as ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase, as well as their corresponding transcripts. Our data clearly suggested that CH4 alleviates Al toxicity by reducing Al accumulation in organic acid-dependent fashion, and reestablishing redox homeostasis.

Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Nitric Oxide Production Contributes to Hydrogen-Promoted Stomatal Closure in Arabidopsis.

The signaling role of hydrogen gas (H2) has attracted increasing attention from animals to plants. However, the physiological significance and molecular mechanism of H2 in drought tolerance are still largely unexplored. In this article, we report that abscisic acid (ABA) induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) by triggering intracellular signaling events involving H2, reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), and the guard cell outward-rectifying K+ channel (GORK). ABA elicited a rapid and sustained H2 release and production in Arabidopsis. Exogenous hydrogen-rich water (HRW) effectively led to an increase of intracellular H2 production, a reduction in the stomatal aperture, and enhanced drought tolerance. Subsequent results revealed that HRW stimulated significant inductions of NO and ROS synthesis associated with stomatal closure in the wild type, which were individually abolished in the nitric reductase mutant nitrate reductase1/2 (nia1/2) or the NADPH oxidase-deficient mutant rbohF (for respiratory burst oxidase homolog). Furthermore, we demonstrate that the HRW-promoted NO generation is dependent on ROS production. The rbohF mutant had impaired NO synthesis and stomatal closure in response to HRW, while these changes were rescued by exogenous application of NO. In addition, both HRW and hydrogen peroxide failed to induce NO production or stomatal closure in the nia1/2 mutant, while HRW-promoted ROS accumulation was not impaired. In the GORK-null mutant, stomatal closure induced by ABA, HRW, NO, or hydrogen peroxide was partially suppressed. Together, these results define a main branch of H2-regulated stomatal movement involved in the ABA signaling cascade in which RbohF-dependent ROS and nitric reductase-associated NO production, and subsequent GORK activation, were causally involved.

Framework of behavioral indicators for outcome evaluation of TB health promotion: a Delphi study of TB suspects and Tb patients.

BACKGROUND: Health promotion for prevention and control of Tuberculosis (TB) is implemented worldwide because of its importance, but few reports have evaluated its impact on behavior due to a lack of standard outcome indicators. The objective of this study was to establish a framework of behavioral indicators for outcome evaluation of TB health promotion among TB suspects and patients. METHODS: A two-round modified Delphi method involving sixteen TB control experts was used to establish a framework of behavioral indicators for outcome evaluation of TB health promotion targeted at TB suspects and patients. RESULTS: Sixteen of seventeen invited experts in TB control (authority score of 0.91 on a 1.0 scale) participated in round 1 survey. All sixteen experts also participated in a second round survey. After two rounds of surveys and several iterations among the experts, there was consensus on a framework of indicators for measuring outcomes of TB health promotion for TB suspects and patients. For TB suspects, the experts reached consensus on 2 domains ("Healthcare seeking behavior" and "Transmission prevention"), 3 subdomains ("Seeking care after onset of TB symptoms", "Pathways of seeking care" and "Interpersonal contact etiquette"), and 8 indicators (including among others, "Length of patient delay"). For TB patients, consensus was reached on 3 domains ("Adherence to treatment", "Healthy lifestyle" and "Transmission prevention"), 8 subdomains (including among others, "Adherence to their medication"), and 14 indicators (including "Percentage of patients who adhered to their medication"). Operational definitions and data sources were provided for each indicator. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study provide the basis for debate among international experts on a framework for achieving global consensus on outcome indicators for TB health promotion interventions targeted at TB patients and suspects. Such consensus will help to increase effectiveness of TB health promotion, while ensuring international comparability of outcome data.

Spectral band selection and ANIMR-GAN for high-performance multispectral coal gangue classification.

Low-energy and efficient coal gangue sorting is crucial for environmental protection. Multispectral imaging (MSI) has emerged as a promising technology in this domain. This work addresses the challenge of low resolution and poor recognition performance in underground MSI equipment. We propose an attention-based multi-level residual network (ANIMR) within a super-resolution reconstruction model (ANIMR-GAN) inspired by CycleGAN. This model incorporates improvements to the discriminator and loss function. We trained the model on 600 coal and gangue MSI samples and validated it on an independent set of 120 samples. The ANIMR-GAN, combined with a random forest classifier, achieved a maximum accuracy of 97.78% and an average accuracy of 93.72%. Furthermore, the study identifies the 959.37 nm band as optimal for coal and gangue classification. Compared to existing super-resolution methods, ANIMR-GAN offers advantages, paving the way for intelligent and efficient coal gangue sorting, ultimately promoting advancements in sustainable mineral processing.

Ultrasound-enhanced nano catalyst with ferroptosis-apoptosis combined anticancer strategy for metastatic uveal melanoma.

Uveal melanoma is the most common primary ocular tumor owing to its highly invasive and metastatic characteristics. Currently, standard clinical treatment has an unsatisfied curative effect due to the lack of an effective approach to inhibit the tumor metastasis. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new strategy that can both restraint local tumors and suppress the ocular tumor metastasis. Herein, we developed ultrasound-responsive nanoparticles (FeP NPs) that can both hinder the growth of in situ ocular tumor and prevent the tumor metastasis through the ferroptosis-apoptosis combined-anticancer strategy. The FeP NPs were assembling by stimulating gallic acid-Fe (III) and paclitaxel, then could be internalized into tumor cells under the cooperative effect of ultrasound, which further activates the intracellular Fenton reaction and generates high reactive oxygen species levels, ultimately leading to mitochondrial damage, lipid per-oxidation, and apoptosis. The FeP NPs can efficiently inhibit the tumor growth in an orthotopic uveal melanoma model. More importantly, the level of the promoting-metastatic factor nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) secreted by cancer cells is significantly reduced, further limits cancer metastasis to the cervical lymph node and finally inhibits lung metastasis of uveal melanoma. We believe that these designed ultrasound-enhanced nanoparticles possess potential clinical application for preventing the regeneration and metastasis of uveal melanoma.

Synthesis and Optical Properties of CdSeTe/CdZnS/ZnS Core/Shell Nanorods.

Semiconductor nanorods (NRs) have great potential in optoelectronic devices for their unique linearly polarized luminescence which can break the external quantum efficiency limit of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) based on spherical quantum dots. Significant progress has been made for developing red, green, and blue light-emitting NRs. However, the synthesis of NRs emitting in the deep red region, which can be used for accurate red LED displays and promoting plant growth, is currently less explored. Here, we report the synthesis of deep red CdSeTe/CdZnS/ZnS dot-in-rod core/shell NRs via a seeded growth method, where the doping of Te in the CdSe core can extend the NR emission to the deep red region. The rod-shaped CdZnS shell is grown over CdSeTe seeds. By growing a ZnS passivation shell, the CdSeTe/CdZnS/ZnS NRs exhibit a photoluminescence emission peak at 670 nm, a full width at a half maximum of 61 nm and a photoluminescence quantum yield of 45%. The development of deep red NRs can greatly extend the applications of anisotropic nanocrystals.

Bridging-Solvent Strategy for Quasi-Single-Crystal Perovskite Films and Stable Solar Cells.

Controllable fabrication of formamidinium (FA)-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with both high efficiency and long-term stability is the key to their further commercialization. However, the diversity of PbI2 complexes and perovskite compositions usually leads to light sensitive PbI2 residues and phase impurities in the film, which can accelerate the device degradation. Here, the crystallization kinetics of FA-based perovskite films are studied and a bridging-solvent strategy is proposed to modulate the reaction kinetics between PbI2 and ammonium salts by prohibiting the formation of undesired intermediates. N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) solvent is introduced into the PbI2 precursor solution to obtain stable and homogeneous PbI2-NMP complex films. The strong interaction between NMP and formamidinium iodide (FAI) molecules promotes the conversion from PbI2-NMP into (001)-oriented quasi-single-crystal perovskite films with negligible impurities, long carrier lifetime of 1.5 µs and a large grain size of 3 µm. The optimized PSCs exhibit a high power conversion efficiency of 24.1%, as well as superior shelf stability which maintains 95% initial efficiency after storage in air for 1200 h (T95 = 1200 h), and operating stability with T96 = 300 h under continuous working at the maximum power point. This work offers a simple and reproducible method for fabricating phase-pure and uniaxially oriented perovskite films.

Uniaxial-Oriented Perovskite Films with Controllable Orientation.

Perovskite films with large crystal size, preferred orientation, and facile fabrication process, combining advantages of single-crystal and polycrystalline films, have gained considerable attention recently. However, there is little research on the facet properties of perovskite films. Here, (111)- and (001)-oriented perovskite films with bandgaps ranging from 1.53 to 1.77 eV, and systematically investigated their orientation-dependent properties are achieved. The (111)-oriented films show electron-dominated traps and the (001)-oriented films show hole-dominated traps, which are related to their atomic arrangement at the surface. Compared with the (001)-oriented films, the (111)-oriented films exhibit lower work function and superior water/oxygen robustness. For the wide-bandgap films, the lattice of the (001)-oriented film provides an unobstructed passage for ion migration. Comparably, the (111)-oriented films exhibit suppressed ion migration and excellent phase stability. The optimized unencapsulated solar cells based on both (001) and (111) orientations show a similar high efficiency of ≈23%. The (111)-oriented solar cell exhibits excellent stability, maintaining 95% of its initial efficiency after 1500 h maximum power point (MPP) tracking test, and 97% initial efficiency after 3000 h aging in ambient conditions. This work paves the way for the rational design, controllable synthesis, and targeted optimization of uniaxial-oriented perovskite films for various electronic applications.

Online detection of concentrate grade in the antimony flotation process based on in situ Raman spectroscopy combined with a CNN-GRU hybrid model.

Froth flotation is the most critical process for separating stibnite from raw ore. Concentrate grade is a vital production indicator in the antimony flotation process. It is a direct reflection of the product quality of the flotation process and an essential basis for the dynamic adjustment of its operating parameters. Existing methods of measuring concentrate grades suffer from expensive measurement equipment, difficult maintenance of complex sampling systems, and extended testing times. This paper presents a nondestructive and fast methodology to quantify the concentrate grade in the antimony flotation process based on in situ Raman spectroscopy. A particular Raman spectroscopic measuring system is designed for on-line measurement of the Raman spectra of the mixed minerals from the froth layer during the antimony flotation process. To obtain representative Raman spectra that better characterize the concentrate grades, a traditional Raman spectroscopic system has been redesigned to account for the different interferences during actual flotation field acquisition. A one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) is combined with a gated recurrent unit (GRU) and applied to construct a model for online prediction of concentrate grades based on continuously collected Raman spectra of mixed minerals in the froth layer. With an average prediction error of 4.37% and a maximum prediction deviation of 10.56%, the quantitative analysis of concentrate grade by the model demonstrates that our method is distinguished by high accuracy, low deviation, and in situ analysis, and it essentially satisfies the requirements for online quantitative determination of concentrate grade in the antimony flotation site.

Low-dose decitabine-intensified modified conditioning regimen alleviates aGVHD in AML/MDS patients treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Background: The widespread adoption of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (Allo-HSCT) has significantly improved the survival rates of patients with hematological malignancies. However, Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD) remains a formidable complication, threatening patient prognosis. Recent research has indicated that decitabine (DAC), known for its hypomethylating properties may also exhibit immune-regulatory capabilities and a potential for reducing GVHD incidence and enhancing survival. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data from AML/MDS patients who underwent Allo-HSCT at our center from January 2010 to January 2023. From a total of 251 patients with complete data, we employed propensity score matching (PSM) to create 100 matched pairs (200 patients) for comprehensive trial analysis. Patients receiving low-dose DAC-containing regimen were matched with those who did not receive DAC. Results: Patients in the DAC group exhibited a significantly lower incidence of grade II-IV acute GVHD (aGVHD) compared to non-DAC group (21% vs. 38%, P=0.013). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated DAC intervention as a protective factor against grade II-IV aGVHD (P=0.017, OR=0.47, 95% CI 0.23-0.81; P=0.018, OR=0.46, 95% CI 0.24-0.87). Multivariate competing risk regression further supported administration of decitabine as a protective factor against grade II-IV aGVHD (P=0.038, SHR=0.53, 95%CI 0.29-0.97). There was no significant difference between both groups concerning chronic GVHD, infection, disease relapse, overall survival, disease-free survival and GVHD free, relapse free survival. In MRD negative or intermediate risk subgroup, the grade II-IV aGVHD ameliorating effect of DAC was confirmed as well. Conclusion: Low-dose DAC-intensified modified conditioning regimen could improve prognosis in AML/MDS Patients treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

High-Dose immunoglobulin Intervention as an effective and simple strategy for donor specific Anti-HLA antibody desensitization in haploidentical transplant.

Donor-specific anti-HLA antibody (DSA) is a significant obstacle to successful haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) and is associated with poor engraftment rates. DSA strongly positive patients with a mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) over 5000 have a primary poor graft function (PGF) rate of over 60%. Currently, there is no consensus on the desensitization of DSA, and existing strategies are complex and have limited effectiveness. To address this issue, we conducted a retrospective study on 19 patients with strongly positive DSA (MFI over 5000) who underwent haplo-HSCT and were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg)-based therapy. We also included 38 baseline-matched patients with DSA-negative as controls. Our findings revealed that the cumulative incidence of engraftment, PGF, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), virus infection, overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), relapse, and non-relapse mortality (NRM) in the DSA strongly positive group after desensitization were comparable to those in the DSA negative group (P > 0.05). Our multivariable analysis showed that disease remission was a protective factor against PGF (P = 0.005, OR = 0.019, 95% CI 0.001-0.312). Subgroup analysis revealed that the desensitization efficacy was equal regardless of DSA type against HLA-I or II, and MFI value over 5000 or not. In conclusion, we propose a simple and effective DSA desensitization strategy based on immunoglobulin to ensure successful engraftment and improve patient prognosis.