Functional biochar fabricated from red mud and walnut shell for phosphorus wastewater treatment: Role of minerals.

A novel functional biochar (BC) was prepared from industrial waste red mud (RM) and low-cost walnut shell by one facile-step pyrolysis method to adsorb phosphorus (P) in wastewater. The preparation conditions for RM-BC were optimized using Response Surface Methodology. The adsorption characteristics of P were investigated in batch mode experiments, while a variety of techniques were used to characterize RM-BC composites. The impact of key minerals (hematite, quartz, and calcite) in RM on the P removal efficiency of the RM-BC composite was studied. The results showed that RM-BC composite produced at 320 °C for 58 min, with a 1:1 mass ratio of walnut shell and RM, had a maximum P sorption capacity of 15.48 mg g-1, which was more than double that of the raw BC. The removal of P from water was found to be facilitated significantly by hematite, which forms Fe-O-P bonds, undergoes surface precipitation, and exchanges ligands. This research provides evidence for the effectiveness of RM-BC in treating P in water, laying the foundation for future scaling-up trials.

Optimized protocol for double vaccine immunization against classical swine fever and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Classical swine fever and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome have seriously affected the development of the swine breeding industry in China. Vaccine immunization remains the main way to prevent these infections. The aim of this study was to establish an optimized protocol for vaccine immunization against classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). METHODS: Blood samples were collected from the anterior vena cava of pigs after immunization, and blood indices, secreted levels of specific antibodies and neutralizing antibodies associated with humoral immunity, the proliferation capacity of T lymphocytes as a measure of cellular immunity, and secreted levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α were determined. RESULTS: The results showed that simultaneous immunization against CSFV and PRRSV infections induced strong and specific humoral and T-cellular immune responses, high levels of cytokine IFN-γ secretion and delayed secretion of cytokine TNF-α. Moreover, significantly higher lymphocyte percentages and red blood cell and leukocyte counts were found in the group simultaneously immunized against CSFV and PRRSV. However, no statistically significant differences were observed in hemoglobin values, neutrophil counts, and median cell percentages among the S + PRRS, PRRS-S, and S-PRRS groups. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that simultaneous immunization against CSFV and PRRSV had the advantages of inducing a rapid, enhanced, and long-lasting immune response. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the establishment of a reasonable and optimized vaccine immunization protocol against CSFV and PRRSV in combination with a variety of other vaccine inoculations.

A Rate-Dependent Cell Microinjection Model Based on Membrane Theory.

As an effective method to deliver external materials into biological cells, microinjection has been widely applied in the biomedical field. However, the knowledge of cell mechanical property is still inadequate, which greatly limits the efficiency and success rate of injection. Thus, a new rate-dependent mechanical model based on membrane theory is proposed for the first time. In this model, an analytical equilibrium equation between the injection force and cell deformation is established by considering the speed effect of microinjection. Different from the traditional membrane-theory-based model, the elastic coefficient of the constitutive material in the proposed model is modified as a function of the injection velocity and acceleration, effectively simulating the influence of speeds on the mechanical responses and providing a more generalized and practical model. Using this model, other mechanical responses at different speeds can be also accurately predicted, including the distribution of membrane tension and stress and the deformed shape. To verify the validity of the model, numerical simulations and experiments were carried out. The results show that the proposed model can match the real mechanical responses well at different injection speeds up to 2 mm/s. The model presented in this paper will be promising in the application of automatic batch cell microinjection with high efficiency.

A lightweight hierarchical convolution network for brain tumor segmentation.

BACKGROUND: Brain tumor segmentation plays a significant role in clinical treatment and surgical planning. Recently, several deep convolutional networks have been proposed for brain tumor segmentation and have achieved impressive performance. However, most state-of-the-art models use 3D convolution networks, which require high computational costs. This makes it difficult to apply these models to medical equipment in the future. Additionally, due to the large diversity of the brain tumor and uncertain boundaries between sub-regions, some models cannot well-segment multiple tumors in the brain at the same time. RESULTS: In this paper, we proposed a lightweight hierarchical convolution network, called LHC-Net. Our network uses a multi-scale strategy which the common 3D convolution is replaced by the hierarchical convolution with residual-like connections. It improves the ability of multi-scale feature extraction and greatly reduces parameters and computation resources. On the BraTS2020 dataset, LHC-Net achieves the Dice scores of 76.38%, 90.01% and 83.32% for ET, WT and TC, respectively, which is better than that of 3D U-Net with 73.50%, 89.42% and 81.92%. Especially on the multi-tumor set, our model shows significant performance improvement. In addition, LHC-Net has 1.65M parameters and 35.58G FLOPs, which is two times fewer parameters and three times less computation compared with 3D U-Net. CONCLUSION: Our proposed method achieves automatic segmentation of tumor sub-regions from four-modal brain MRI images. LHC-Net achieves competitive segmentation performance with fewer parameters and less computation than the state-of-the-art models. It means that our model can be applied under limited medical computing resources. By using the multi-scale strategy on channels, LHC-Net can well-segment multiple tumors in the patient's brain. It has great potential for application to other multi-scale segmentation tasks.

BRD4 inhibition exerts anti-viral activity through DNA damage-dependent innate immune responses.

Chromatin dynamics regulated by epigenetic modification is crucial in genome stability and gene expression. Various epigenetic mechanisms have been identified in the pathogenesis of human diseases. Here, we examined the effects of ten epigenetic agents on pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection by using GFP-reporter assays. Inhibitors of bromodomain protein 4 (BRD4), which receives much more attention in cancer than viral infection, was found to exhibit substantial anti-viral activity against PRV as well as a range of DNA and RNA viruses. We further demonstrated that BRD4 inhibition boosted a robust innate immune response. BRD4 inhibition also de-compacted chromatin structure and induced the DNA damage response, thereby triggering the activation of cGAS-mediated innate immunity and increasing host resistance to viral infection both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, the inhibitory effect of BRD4 inhibition on viral infection was mainly attributed to the attenuation of viral attachment. Our findings reveal a unique mechanism through which BRD4 inhibition restrains viral infection and points to its potent therapeutic value for viral infectious diseases.

Celastrol induces lipophagy via the LXRα/ABCA1 pathway in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Celastrol is a triterpene derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f, which displays potential anticancer activity. In the present study, we investigated the anticancer effects of celastrol against clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and the underlying mechanisms. Using Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and genotype-tissue expression (GTEx) database we conducted a bioinformatics analysis, which showed that the mRNA levels of liver-X receptors α (LXRα) and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) in ccRCC tissues were significantly lower than those in adjacent normal tissues. This result was confirmed by immunoblotting analysis of 4 ccRCC clinical specimens, which showed that the protein expression of LXRα and ABCA1 was downregulated. Similar results were obtained in a panel of ccRCC cell lines (786-O, A498, SN12C, and OS-RC-2). In 786-O and SN12C cells, treatment with celastrol (0.25-2.0 µM) concentration-dependently inhibited the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Furthermore, we demonstrated that celastrol inhibited the invasion of 786-O cells through reducing lipid accumulation; celastrol concentration-dependently promoted autophagy to reduce lipid storage. Moreover, we revealed that celastrol dramatically activated LXRα signaling, and degraded lipid droplets by inducing lipophagy in 786-O cells. Finally, celastrol promoted cholesterol efflux from 786-O cells via ABCA1. In high-fat diet-promoted ccRCC cell line 786-O xenograft model, administration of celastrol (0.25, 0.5, 1.0 mg·kg-1·d-1, for 4 weeks, i.p.) dose-dependently inhibited the tumor growth with upregulated LXRα and ABCA1 protein in tumor tissue. In conclusion, this study reveals that celastrol triggers lipophagy in ccRCC by activating LXRα, promotes ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux, suppresses EMT progress, and ultimately inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as tumor growth. Thus, our study provides evidence that celastrol can be used as a lipid metabolism-based anticancer therapeutic approach.

Robust Control of a New Asymmetric Teleoperation Robot Based on a State Observer.

This study is mainly about the designation of a new type of haptic device and an asymmetric teleoperation robot system. Aiming at the problems of tracking and transparency of an asymmetric teleoperation system, a robust control algorithm based on a state observer was proposed. The Haptic Device was designed and was chosen as the master-robot of the system. The Baxter dual-arm robot was chosen as the slave-robot of the system. The simulation experiment of robust control based on a state observer of the asymmetric teleoperation robot was carried out. The experiment results showed that the maximum values of displacement tracking errors in three directions x, y, and z are 0.02 m, 0.01 m, and 0.015 m, respectively. Compared with single- joint PID control, the performance of the new control algorithm is improved. The force feedback experiment on the real asymmetric teleoperation robot system was carried out. The results showed that the force feedback wave is consistent with the actual situation and showed that the robust control algorithm proposed is superior to PID. Therefore, the algorithm perfectly satisfied the system. The experiment parameters also demonstrate that the haptic device satisfies the design requirements of the asymmetric teleoperation robots system and the industry standards.

Forward and Inverse Dynamics of a Six-Axis Accelerometer Based on a Parallel Mechanism.

The solution of the dynamic equations of the six-axis accelerometer is a prerequisite for sensor calibration, structural optimization, and practical application. However, the forward dynamic equations (FDEs) and inverse dynamic equations (IDEs) of this type of system have not been completely solved due to the strongly nonlinear coupling relationship between the inputs and outputs. This article presents a comprehensive study of the FDEs and IDEs of the six-axis accelerometer based on a parallel mechanism. Firstly, two sets of dynamic equations of the sensor are constructed based on the Newton-Euler method in the configuration space. Secondly, based on the analytical solution of the sensor branch chain length, the coordination equation between the output signals of the branch chain is constructed. The FDEs of the sensor are established by combining the coordination equations and two sets of dynamic equations. Furthermore, by introducing generalized momentum and Hamiltonian function and using Legendre transformation, the vibration differential equations (VDEs) of the sensor are derived. The VDEs and Newton-Euler equations constitute the IDEs of the system. Finally, the explicit recursive algorithm for solving the quaternion in the equation is given in the phase space. Then the IDEs are solved by substituting the quaternion into the dynamic equations in the configuration space. The predicted numerical results of the established FDEs and IDEs are verified by comparing with virtual and actual experimental data. The actual experiment shows that the relative errors of the FDEs and the IDEs constructed in this article are 2.21% and 7.65%, respectively. This research provides a new strategy for further improving the practicability of the six-axis accelerometer.

Evaluation of electrical characteristics of biological tissue with electrical impedance spectroscopy.

The electrical characteristics of biological tissue is evaluated by establishing an electrical equivalent circuit with electrical impedance spectroscopy. The least squares method is used to realize electrical equivalent circuit fitting by using the developed portable electrical impedance spectroscopy system. The EIS system is used to obtain the impedance spectrum data of the measured biological tissue. In the experiment, the impedance spectrum data of eggs under different heating time were measured, and the established equivalent circuit model of eggs was fitted by nonlinear least squares fitting algorithm. Moreover, the electrical characteristics of the biological tissue are also revealed by numerical simulation with HANAI model. The experimental and simulation results show that the extracted equivalent electrical parameters can clearly characterize the variation of the internal change of components of biological tissues.

Friend or foe: Multiple roles of adipose tissue in cancer formation and progression.

Obesity is well-known as the second factor for tumorigenesis after smoking and is bound up with the malignant progression of several kinds of cancers, including esophageal cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, kidney cancer, and ovarian cancer. The increased morbidity and mortality of obesity-related cancer are mostly attributed to dysfunctional adipose tissue. The possible mechanisms connecting dysfunctional adipose tissue to high cancer risk mainly focus on chronic inflammation, obesity-related microenvironment, adipokine secretion disorder, and browning of adipose tissue, and so forth. The stromal vascular cells in adipose tissue trigger chronic inflammation through secreting inflammatory factors and promote cancer cell proliferation. Hypertrophic adipose tissues lead to metabolic disorders of adipocytes, such as abnormal levels of adipokines that mediate cancer progression and metastasis. Cancer patients often show adipose tissue browning and cancerous cachexia in an advanced stage, which lead to unsatisfied chemotherapy effect and poor prognosis. However, increasing evidence has shown that adipose tissue may display quite opposite effects in cancer development. Therefore, the interaction between cancers and adipose tissue exert a vital role in mediates adipose tissue dysfunction and further leads to cancer progression. In conclusion, targeting the dysfunction of adipose tissue provides a promising strategy for cancer prevention and therapy.

LncRNA XIST/miR-200c regulates the stemness properties and tumourigenicity of human bladder cancer stem cell-like cells.

BACKGROUND: The abnormal expression of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs and long ncRNAs, often contribute to the development of cancers. miR-200c functions as a tumour suppressor that impacts the growth of bladder cancer cells and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). LncRNA X inactive specific transcript (XIST) is highly expressed in tumour tissues, promotes cancer progression and might act as an miRNA molecular sponge. This study aimed to examine the relationship between lncRNA XIST and miR-200c and to assess their functions in the regulation of the stemness properties and tumourigenicity of human bladder cancer stem cell (BCSC)-like cells. METHODS: Biological effects including cell clone formation, sphere formation, self-renewal properties and mouse tumourigenesis were examined in BCSC-like cells with miR-200c overexpression or XIST knockdown. Real-time PCR and western blotting were used to detect the expression changing of related factors in BCSC-like cells gene models. Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to examine the changes of XIST and miR-200c expression levels. RESULTS: The results indicated that miR-200c overexpression and XIST knockdown could inhibit cell clone formation, self-renewal ability and EMT in BCSC-like cells. miR-200c knockdown could restore the tumour growth inhibition caused by XIST knockdown. CONCLUSION: LncRNA XIST may act as an inhibitor of miR-200c to regulate the stemness properties and tumourigenicity of bladder cancer cells, and our findings might reveal a potential strategy of targeting XIST for bladder cancer therapy.

Development, Dynamic Modeling, and Multi-Modal Control of a Therapeutic Exoskeleton for Upper Limb Rehabilitation Training.

Robot-assisted training is a promising technology in clinical rehabilitation providing effective treatment to the patients with motor disability. In this paper, a multi-modal control strategy for a therapeutic upper limb exoskeleton is proposed to assist the disabled persons perform patient-passive training and patient-cooperative training. A comprehensive overview of the exoskeleton with seven actuated degrees of freedom is introduced. The dynamic modeling and parameters identification strategies of the human-robot interaction system are analyzed. Moreover, an adaptive sliding mode controller with disturbance observer (ASMCDO) is developed to ensure the position control accuracy in patient-passive training. A cascade-proportional-integral-derivative (CPID)-based impedance controller with graphical game-like interface is designed to improve interaction compliance and motivate the active participation of patients in patient-cooperative training. Three typical experiments are conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposed control strategy, including the trajectory tracking experiments, the trajectory tracking experiments with impedance adjustment, and the intention-based training experiments. The experimental results suggest that the tracking error of ASMCDO controller is smaller than that of terminal sliding mode controller. By optimally changing the impedance parameters of CPID-based impedance controller, the training intensity can be adjusted to meet the requirement of different patients.

Effect of cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy on survival in patients with bladder cancer: a meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: Cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has been shown to improve survival in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) who underwent radical cystectomy as compared with patients who underwent surgery alone. It has also been suggested as current standard of care in surgically-fit patients with MIBC. This meta-analysis assessed the effect of cisplatin-based NAC on survival in patients with bladder cancer. SOURCE: PubMed, CENTRAL, and Embase were searched until November 22, 2016. Two-arm randomized controlled trials that compared cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus local treatment versus the same local treatment without neoadjuvant chemotherapy were selected. Patients with histologically-confirmed bladder cancer (adenocarcinoma, transitional, or squamous-cell carcinoma) were included. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Of the 292 articles initially identified, 14 were included in the final analysis. Patients in the NAC group had similar OS as the local treatment (i.e., radiation therapy or cystectomy) group (pooled hazard ratio [HR] = 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.84 to 1.00, P=0.056). No difference in progress-free survival between two groups was observed (P=0.725). Subgroup analysis showed that OS was similar in patients treated with NAC plus radiotherapy or cystectomy compared with patients who received local treatment alone. CONCLUSIONS: Platinum-based NAC was associated with similar survival benefit as patients undergoing cystectomy and/or radiotherapy. No conclusion can be drawn about the optimal platinum-based combination to be used in the neoadjuvant setting.

Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse and Doppler Ultrasonography: Comprehensive Evaluation of Acute Rejection After Liver Transplantation.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical application of color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) for the diagnosis of acute rejection after liver transplantation. METHODS: B-Mode CDFI and ARFI assessments were performed in 76 patients who underwent biopsy after liver transplantation at our institution, between October 2011 and October 2014. The study group included 56 patients with acute rejection confirmed by biopsy, with 20 patients whose liver function recovered within 1 month of transplantation forming the control group. Anteroposterior diameter of the liver, hemodynamic index (consisting of the portal vein diameter, portal vein flow velocity, and hepatic vein flow waveform), and ARFI shear wave velocity (SWV) were measured. We used logistic regression modeling and receiver operating curve to evaluate between-group differences. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, patients with acute rejection exhibited increased anteroposterior diameter (P = .035) and change in hemodynamic index (P = .021), including increased portal vein diameter, decreased portal vein flow, and loss of triphasic waveform of hepatic vein flow. Acoustic radiation force impulse SWV was markedly increased in the acute rejection group (P < .001). The correlation r-value of measured parameters to acute rejection diagnosis was 0.253 for anterioposterior diameters, 0.271 for change in hemodynamic index, and 0.721 for increased SWV. Shear wave velocity and change in the hemodynamic index had diagnostic value, with an area under the receiver operating curve of 0.933. CONCLUSIONS: Combining CDFI with ARFI was useful for the diagnosis of acute rejection after liver transplantation.

Socio-economic factors related with the subjective well-being of the rural elderly people living independently in China.

BACKGROUND: Many Chinese elderly increasingly face the serious problem of the "empty nest" phenomenon. The elderly living independently, also called empty-nest elderly, refers to elderly people living alone whose children left home. However few studies concerned about the subjective well-being (SWB) of the elderly living independently. METHODS: This study employs The Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness (MUNSH) to explore the SWB of the elderly living independently in rural areas of Wenzhou, a relatively developed region in China. 536 sampled are randomly selected. RESULTS: The results indicate that participants obtained low scores in positive affect, positive experience, and the total SWB score, but high scores in negative affect and negative experience. Age, low education, poor health condition and little income were found to be negatively correlated with SWB. The SWB score of the elderly living with a spouse is higher than those who divorced or lost their spouse and the score of women is lower than that of men. In addition, the survey revealed that children's support has a positive influence on the SWB of the rural elderly living independently. CONCLUSIONS: The elderly living independently in rural Wenzhou, China have unfavorable SWB. Poor socio-economic statuses are negative impact factors. But the children's support can help to improve. Special attention is needed to those with lower socio-economic status and less children's support.

[Crosstalk between Wnt5a and inflammatory signaling in inflammation].

Wnt5a belongs to the large WNT family of cysteine-rich secreted glycoproteins, which is involved in multiple signaling pathways that regulate a variety of cellular processes, including cell motility, proliferation differentiation and so on during development. The regulation and signaling transduction of Wnt5a have been reported to closely relate to inflammatory response, which indicates that Wnt5a plays a critical role in the occurrence and development of inflammatory diseases. In this review, we summarized data on Wnt5a and its signaling pathway, as well as their involvement in inflammatory response. Further comprehensive understanding of the function and relationship between Wnt5a and inflammatory response would help us to develop novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases.

[Relationship between occupational stress and mental health in offshore oil platform workers].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between occupational stress and mental health in offshore oil platform workers and to provide a scientific basis for protection of their mental health. METHODS: A total of 768 workers on offshore oil platform were surveyed with the Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition and Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90). RESULTS: The total score of Occupational Role Questionnaire (ORQ) for the workers (160.27±24.63) was significantly lower than the national norm (166.52±27.01) (P < 0.01); the total score of Personal Strain Questionnaire (PSQ) (101.96±19.8) was significantly higher than the national norm (92.45±17.33) (P < 0.01). The total score of Personal Resource Questionnaire (PRQ) for the workers was not significantly different from the national norm (P > 0.05), but the items of recreation, social support, and rational/cognitive found significant difference (P < 0.05). The total score of SCL-90 was positively correlated with all items of ORQ and PSQ (P < 0.01) and negatively correlated with all items of PRQ (P < 0.01). The multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that current work seniority, education background, drinking, role overload, role insufficiency, role ambiguity, responsibility, physical environment, and rational/cognitive conduct impacted the score of SCL-90 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The mental health of workers on offshore oil platform is related to occupational stress, and role overload, role ambiguity, physical environment, and rational/cognitive conduct, etc, are closely associated with the workers' mental health.

The safety and effectiveness of laparoscopic off-clamp tumor evacuation versus traditional nephron-sparing surgery for large (>4 cm) sporadic renal angiomyolipomas.

BACKGROUND: Off-clamp nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) have been selectively performed in renal tumors in which the majority are T1a (<4 cm) renal caners. Less is known, however, whether off-clamp is a safe and effective option for treatment of Sporadic Renal Angiomyolipomas (RAML), especially in those >4 cm. The objective of our study was to compare the perioperative and renal function outcomes of a novel off-clamp tumor evacuation technique versus conventional laparoscopic NSS for the treatment of large sporadic RAMLs (>4 cm). METHODS: From January 2021 to June 2022, 42 patients diagnosed with RAML were prospectively randomized to receive laparoscopic standard NSS (Group 1) and off-clamp tumor evacuation (Group 2). The surgical and postoperative outcomes of both groups were compared. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics demonstrated no discernible variation between Group 1 and Group 2. Compared to Group 1, Group 2 was associated shorter operative time (92.5 vs 82.3 min, p < 0.001), elimination of warm ischemic time (22.9 vs 0 min, p < 0.001), more blood loss (92.6 vs 161.9 ml, p = 0.02), and lower short-term renal function reduction of the operated kidney (17.2% vs 9%; p < 0.001). Neither major complication nor recurrence occurred. CONCLUSION: It seems that transperitoneal laparoscopic off-clamp tumor evacuation is a feasible and safe option for the treatment of RAML, with the added benefit of preserving renal function to a greater extent than the traditional methods.

Comparison of simulation and predictive efficacy for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome incidence in mainland China based on five time series models.

Background: Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a zoonotic infectious disease commonly found in Asia and Europe, characterized by fever, hemorrhage, shock, and renal failure. China is the most severely affected region, necessitating an analysis of the temporal incidence patterns in the country. Methods: We employed Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Nonlinear AutoRegressive with eXogenous inputs (NARX), and a hybrid CNN-LSTM model to model and forecast time series data spanning from January 2009 to November 2023 in the mainland China. By comparing the simulated performance of these models on training and testing sets, we determined the most suitable model. Results: Overall, the CNN-LSTM model demonstrated optimal fitting performance (with Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 93.77/270.66, 7.59%/38.96%, and 64.37/189.73 for the training and testing sets, respectively, lower than those of individual CNN or LSTM models). Conclusion: The hybrid CNN-LSTM model seamlessly integrates CNN's data feature extraction and LSTM's recurrent prediction capabilities, rendering it theoretically applicable for simulating diverse distributed time series data. We recommend that the CNN-LSTM model be considered as a valuable time series analysis tool for disease prediction by policy-makers.