Encapsulated Polyethyleneimine Enables Synchronous Nanostructure Construction and In Situ Functionalization of Nanofiltration Membranes.

Highly permselective nanostructured membranes are desirable for the energy-efficient molecular sieving on the subnanometer scale. The nanostructure construction and charge functionalization of the membranes are generally carried out step by step through the conventional layer-by-layer coating strategy, which inevitably brings about a demanding contradiction between the permselective performance and process efficiency. For the first time, we report the concurrent construction of the well-defined molecular sieving architectures and tunable surface charges of nanofiltration membranes through precisely controlled release of the nanocapsule decorated polyethyleneimine and carbon dioxide. This novel strategy not only substantially shortens the fabrication process but also leads to impressive performance (permeance up to 37.4 L m-2 h-1 bar-1 together with a rejection 98.7% for Janus Green B-511 Da) that outperforms most state-of-art nanofiltration membranes. This study unlocks new avenues to engineer next-generation molecular sieving materials simply, precisely, and cost efficiently.

Perturbation of kinetochore function using GFP-binding protein in fission yeast.

Using genetic mutations to study protein functions in vivo is a central paradigm of modern biology. Single-domain camelid antibodies generated against GFP have been engineered as nanobodies or GFP-binding proteins (GBPs) that can bind GFP as well as some GFP variants with high affinity and selectivity. In this study, we have used GBP-mCherry fusion protein as a tool to perturb the natural functions of a few kinetochore proteins in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. We found that cells simultaneously expressing GBP-mCherry and the GFP-tagged inner kinetochore protein Cnp1 are sensitive to high temperature and microtubule drug thiabendazole (TBZ). In addition, kinetochore-targeted GBP-mCherry by a few major kinetochore proteins with GFP tags causes defects in faithful chromosome segregation. Thus, this setting compromises the functions of kinetochores and renders cells to behave like conditional mutants. Our study highlights the potential of using GBP as a general tool to perturb the function of some GFP-tagged proteins in vivo with the objective of understanding their functional relevance to certain physiological processes, not only in yeasts, but also potentially in other model systems.