Enhanced Storage Capacity via Anion Substitution for Advanced Delayed X-ray Detection.

X-ray radiation information storage, characterized by its ability to detect radiation with delayed readings, shows great promise in enabling reliable and readily accessible X-ray imaging and dosimetry in situations where conventional detectors may not be feasible. However, the lack of specific strategies to enhance the memory capability dramatically hampers its further development. Here, we present an effective anion substitution strategy to enhance the storage capability of NaLuF4:Tb3+ nanocrystals attributed to the increased concentration of trapping centers under X-ray irradiation. The stored radiation information can be read out as optical brightness via thermal, 980 nm laser, or mechanical stimulation, avoiding real-time measurement under ionizing radiation. Moreover, the radiation information can be maintained for more than 13 days, and the imaging resolution reaches 14.3 lp mm-1. These results demonstrate that anion substitution methods can effectively achieve high storage capability and broaden the application scope of X-ray information storage.

Excitation-Selective and Double-Emissive Lead-Free Binary Hybrid Metal Halides for White Light-Emitting Diode and X-Ray Scintillation.

Zero-dimensional (0D) organic metal halides comprising heterogeneous metal cations in single phase can achieve multiple luminous emissions enabling them toward multifunctional light-emitting applications. Herein, A novel single crystal of (C8H20N)4SbMnCl9 containing two luminescent centers of [SbCl5]2- pentahedrons and [MnCl4]2- tetrahedrons is reported. The large distance between Sb-Sb, Mn-Mn, and Sb-Mn as well as theory calculation indicate negligible interaction between individual centers, thus endowing (C8H20N)4SbMnCl9 with excitation-dependable and efficient luminescence. Under near-UV excitation, only orange emission originates from self-trapped excitons recombination in [SbCl5]2- pentahedron occurs with photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 91.5%. Under blue-light excitation, only green emission originating from 4T1-6A1 transition of Mn2+ in [MnCl4]2- tetrahedrons occurs with PLQY of 66.8%. Interestingly, upon X-ray illumination, both emissions can be fully achieved due to the high-energy photon absorption. Consequently, (C8H20N)4SbMnCl9 is employed as phosphors to fabricate white light-emitting diodes optically pumped by n-UV chip and blue-chip thanks to its excitation-dependable property. Moreover, it also shows promising performance as X-ray scintillator with low detection limit of 60.79 nGyair S-1, steady-state light yield ≈54% of commerical scintillaotr LuAG:Ce, high resolution of 13.5 lp mm-1 for X-ray imaging. This work presents a new structural design to fabricate 0D hybrids with multicolor emissions.

Temperature-Dependent Color-Tunable Afterglow in Zirconium-Doped CsCdCl3 Perovskite for Advanced Anti-Counterfeiting and Thermal Distribution Detection.

Persistent luminescence (PersL) materials exhibit thermal-favored optical behavior, enabling their unique applications in security night vision signage, in vivo bioimaging, and optical anti-counterfeiting. Therefore, developing efficient and color-tunable PersL materials is significantly crucial in promoting advanced practical use. In this study, hexagonal Zr4+ -doped CsCdCl3 perovskite is synthesized via a hydrothermal reaction with a tunable photoluminescent (PL) behavior through heterovalent substitution. Moreover, the incorporation of Zr4+ ions result in an extra blue emission band, originating from the enhanced excitonic recombination in D3d octahedrons. Furthermore, the afterglow performances of the samples are dramatically improved, along with the noticeable temperature-dependent PersL as well as the thermo-luminescence with tunable color output. Detailed analysis reveals that the unique temperature-dependent PersL and thermo-luminescence color change are attributed to the presence of multiple luminous centers and abundant traps. Overall, this work facilitates the development of optical intelligence platforms and novel thermal distribution probes with the as-developed halides perovskite for its superior explored PersL characteristic.

Enantiomorphic kagome bands in a two-dimensional covalent organic framework with non-trivial magnetic and topological properties.

The kagome lattice is one of the most intriguing topics to study. It has a frustrated flat band touching a set of Dirac bands and can possess various promising properties, such as ferromagnetism, superconductivity, and a non-trivial topology. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a rare type of inorganic material, however, they can provide a platform for generating certain required lattices. Based on first-principles density functional theory calculations, we show that a newly synthesized two-dimensional COF named COF-SH has novel enantiomorphic kagome bands, which include two sets of flat bands touching the Dirac bands around the Fermi level. The Bloch wave of the flat-valence band at the K-point shows the kagome nature of the phase interference. Under charge doping, the COF-SH exhibits a ferromagnetic ground state. Moreover, when COF-SH is doped with iodine atoms, a sizable gap in the system is opened between the flat bands and the Dirac bands due to the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effect. Meanwhile, the spin degeneracy is lifted since the organic layer loses electrons due to the oxidizing property of iodine. In addition, our tight-binding analysis with the SOC effect shows that the flat valence band separates from the Dirac bands and holds a nonzero Chern number. Consequently, this I-doped COF can give rise to a quantum anomalous Hall effect.

Visualized X-ray Dosimetry for Multienvironment Applications.

X-ray dose detection plays a critical role in various scientific fields, including chemistry, materials, and medicine. However, the current materials used for this purpose face challenges in both immediate and delayed radiation detections. Here, we present a visual X-ray dosimetry method for multienvironment applications, utilizing NaLuF4 nanocrystals (NCs) that undergo a color change from green to red upon X-ray irradiation. By adjustment of the concentrations of Ho3+, the emission color of the NCs can be tuned thanks to the cross-relaxation effects. Furthermore, X-ray irradiation induces generation of trapping centers in NaLuF4:Ho3+ NCs, endowing the generation of mechanoluminescence (ML) behavior upon mechanical stimulation after X-ray irradiation ceases. The ML intensity shows a linear correlation with the X-ray dose, facilitating the detection of delayed radiation. This breakthrough facilitates X-ray dose inspection in flaw detection, nuclear medicine, customs, and civil protection, thereby enhancing opportunities for radiation monitoring and control.

Core-Shell Tandem Catalysis Coupled with Interface Engineering For High-Performance Room-Temperature Na-S Batteries.

The sluggish redox kinetics and shuttle effect seriously impede the large application of room-temperature sodium-sulfur (RT Na-S) batteries. Designing effective catalysts into cathode material is a promising approach to overcome the above issues. However, considering the multistep and multiphase transformations of sulfur redox process, it is impractical to achieve the effective catalysis of the entire S8 →Na2 Sx →Na2 S conversion through applying a single catalyst. Herein, this work fabricates a nitrogen-doped core-shell carbon nanosphere integrated with two different catalysts (ZnS-NC@Ni-N4 ), where isolated Ni-N4 sites and ZnS nanocrystals are distributed in the shell and core, respectively. ZnS nanocrystals ensure the rapid reduction of S8 into Na2 Sx (4 < x ≤ 8), while Ni-N4 sites realize the efficient conversion of Na2 Sx into Na2 S, bridged by the diffusion of Na2 Sx from the core to shell. Besides, Ni-N4 sites on the shell can also induce an inorganic-rich cathode-electrolyte interface (CEI) on ZnS-NC@Ni-N4 to further inhibit the shuttle effect. As a result, ZnS-NC@Ni-N4 /S cathode exhibits an excellent rate-performance (650 mAh g-1 at 5 A g-1 ) and ultralong cycling stability for 2000 cycles with a low capacity-decay rate of 0.011% per cycle. This work will guide the rational design of multicatalysts for high-performance RT Na-S batteries.

A novel m7G regulator-based methylation patterns in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Abnormal RNA N7-methylguanosine (m7G) modification is known to contribute to effects on tumor occurrence and development. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of its function in immunoregulation, tumor microenvironment (TME) modulation, and tumor promotion remain largely unknown. A series of computer-aided bioinformatic analyses were conducted based on transcriptomic, single-cell sequence, and spatial transcriptomic data to determine the m7G modification patterns in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Consensus clustering approach was employed according to the expressions of 33 m7G regulators. ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT, and single sample gene set enrichment analysis algorithms were adopted to investigate the immune cell infiltration features. A prognostic model named m7Gscore was established. Seurat, SingleR, and Monocle2 were used to analyze the single-cell sequence profiling. STUtility was used to integrate multiple spatial transcriptomic datasets. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, transwell, and wound-healing assay were performed to verify the oncogenes. Here, three different m7G modification patterns were highlighted in HNSCC patients, which were also related to various clinical manifestations and three representative immunophenotypes: immune-excluded, immune-desert, and inflamed, separately. Patients with lower m7Gscore were highlighted by higher immune cell infiltrations, better overall survival rates, lesser tumor mutation burden (TMB), lower sensitivities to target inhibitors therapies, and better immunotherapeutic response. Moreover, DCPS, EIF4E, EIF4E2, LSM1, NCBP2, NUDT1, and NUDT5 were identified to play critical roles in T-cell differentiation. Knockdown of LSM1/NUDT5 could restrain the malignancy of HNSCC cells. Collectively, quantitative assessment of m7G modification patterns in individual HNSCC patients could contribute to identifying more efficient immunotherapeutic approaches and improve the clinical outcome of HNSCC.

m7G-related genes-NCBP2 and EIF4E3 determine immune contexture in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by regulating CCL4/CCL5 expression.

Aberrant N7 -methylguanosine (m7G) levels closely correlate with tumor genesis and progression. NCBP2 and EIF4E3 are two important m7G-related cap-binding genes. This study aimed to identify the relationship between the EIF4E3/NCBP2 function and immunological characteristics of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Hierarchical clustering was employed in classifying HNSCC patients into two groups based on the expressions of NCBP2 and EIF4E3. The differentially expressed genes were identified between the two groups, and GO functional enrichment was subsequently performed. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was conducted to identify the hub genes related to EIF4E3/NCBP2 expression and immunity. The differential infiltration of immune cells and the response to immunotherapy were compared between the two groups. Single-cell sequence and trajectory analyses were performed to predict cell differentiation and display the expression of EIF4E3/NCBP2 in each state. In addition, quantitative real-time PCR, spatial transcriptome analysis, transwell assay, and western blotting were conducted to verify the biological function of EIF4E3/NCBP2. Here, group A showed a higher EIF4E3 expression and a lower NCBP2 expression, which had higher immune scores, proportion of most immune cells, immune activities, expression of immunomodulatory targets, and a better response to cancer immunotherapy. Besides, 56 hub molecules with notable immune regulation significance were identified. A risk model containing 17 hub genes and a prognostic nomogram was successfully established. Moreover, HNSCC tissues had a lower EIF4E3 expression and a higher NCBP2 expression than normal tissues. NCBP2 and EIF4E3 played a vital role in the differentiation of monocytes. Furthermore, the expression of CCL4/CCL5 can be regulated via EIF4E3 overexpression and NCBP2 knockdown. Collectively, NCBP2 and EIF4E3 can affect downstream gene expression, as well as immune contexture and response to immunotherapy, which could induce "cold-to-hot" tumor transformation in HNSCC patients.

Quercetin attenuates avermectin-induced cardiac injury in carp through inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy.

As an important antibiotic, avermectin (AVM) has been widely used in China, but its unreasonable application has caused serious harm to the water environment. In view of the various pharmacological effects of quercetin (QUE), such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, the scientific hypothesis that "QUE may cause carp poisoning by inhibiting AVM" was proposed in this study. However, its protective effect in AVM -induced heart damage has not been reported. QUE reduced the symptoms of AVM toxicity and decreased the levels of creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase in the serum of carp. By histological observation, QUE was found to significantly reduce cardiac fiber swelling in carp. A DHE fluorescence probe study showed that QUE was able to inhibit AVM -induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in carp myocardium. We found that QUE significantly increased the intracellular antioxidant enzymes CAT, T-AOC and GSH enzyme activity and reduced intracellular MDA content. In addition, QUE significantly increased il-10 and tgf-ß1 expression, and significantly down-regulated tnf-α, il-6, il-1ß and inos expression. Tunel assay showed that QUE attenuated AVM -induced apoptosis, significantly decreased the transcript levels of pro-apoptosis-related genes, and increased the expression of anti-apoptosis-related genes. We also detected the protein expression of LC3 in the AVM group and QUE + AVM group, and found that the expression of LC3 was significantly increased in both groups compared with the Control group, but after adding QUE, the expression of LC3 was significantly decreased compared with the AVM group. In addition, the transcript levels of p62 and atg5 were also detected by qPCR. QUE significantly increased the expression of p62 and decreased the expression of atg5, suggesting that QUE could attenuate AVM -induced cardiac autophagy in carp. This study will provide preliminary evidence of the principle of QUE attenuating AVM -induced myocardial injury in carp from four aspects, including oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis and autophagy, and provide a theoretical basis for its prevention and treatment.

Tailor Traps in Bi3+-Doped NaGdGeO4 Phosphors by Introducing Eu3+ Ions to Switch Multimodal Phosphorescence Emission.

Featured with a tunable excitation/emission wavelength and excellent physicochemical stability, inorganic fluorescent materials are widely used in the fields of anti-counterfeiting. Here, we design a multi-stimuli-responsive dynamic fluorescence and phosphorescence anti-counterfeiting material by introducing Eu3+ ions in NaGdGeO4: Bi3+ to tailor the trap structure. The photoluminescence (PL), long persistent luminescence (LPL), and photo-stimulated luminescence (PSL) colors of NaGdGeO4: Bi3+, Eu3+ can be switched by varying the excitation modes (ultraviolet, near infrared, and X-ray light). Especially, the LPL and PSL colors of NaGdGeO4: Bi3+, Eu3+ vary with increasing decay and stimulation times. In addition, X-ray excitation ensures the specificity of the luminescence of NaGdGeO4: Bi3+, Eu3+ compared with ultraviolet excitation. This rapidly-changing-color fluorescent material offers the possibility of sophisticated anti-counterfeiting applications in the future.

Recoverable Dual-Modal Responsive Sensing Materials Based on Mechanoluminescence and Thermally Stimulated Luminescence toward Noncontact Tactile Sensors.

Tactile sensing with stress and temperature sensing as core elements have shown promising prospects in intelligent robots and the human-machine interface. Mechanoluminescence (ML)-based stress sensing can realize the direct sensing of mechanical stimulation, whereas indirect temperature sensing based on luminescent sensing materials usually requires the stimulation of extra light or force. Herein, a trap-controlled material Sr2MgAl22O36:Mn2+ with bifunctional mechano/thermal sensing applications was developed and investigated in detail. Visualized bright green-emitting ML and thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) directly and rapidly responded to mechano/thermal dual stimulation in the Sr2MgAl22O36:Mn2+/PDMS composite film. It is worth mentioning that this study proposed a new idea of direct temperature sensing by the initial intensity of TSL due to thermal-photo energy conversion, unlike previous temperature sensor technology. Based on this, we designed a flexible optical skin with a simple structure and verified its application prospect as a tactile sensing material with dual mechano/thermal response, establishing a unique imaging mode and providing a convenient, reliable, and sensitive way to remotely visualize the distribution of stress and temperature. This study paves a new way for the development of optical skins with simple structures and sensitive visibility in the application of intelligent robot tactile sensing.

Visualized Stress-Temperature Sensor with the Zinc Sulfide and Perovskite Glass Ceramics Composite.

The visualized dual-modal stress-temperature sensing refers to the ability of a sensor to provide real-time and visible information about both stress and temperature and has indeed attracted significant interest in various fields. However, the development of convenient methods for achieving this capability remains a challenge. In this work, a dual-modal stress-temperature sensor is successfully fabricated using a ZnS/Cu@CsPbBr1.2I1.8 glass ceramics (GCs)/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) (ZCP) composite film. The tunable ML color is achieved by modulating the concentration of CsPbBr1.2I1.8 GCs in the ZCP composite films based on the light conversion process from ZnS/Cu to CsPbBr1.2I1.8 GCs. Additionally, the stress and temperature can be visualized simultaneously by integrating the ML intensity and ML color of the ZCP composite film. This feature allows for the real-time monitoring of automotive tire temperature by embedding the ZCP composite film on the tire surface, enabling a strong and stable response to both stress and temperature changes. Overall, this work offers a convenient, efficient, and repeatable approach for achieving visualized dual-modal stress-temperature sensing in the fields of mechanical engineering, structural health monitoring, and intelligent devices.

High-Efficiency ZnS: Cu+, Al3+ Scintillator for X-ray Detection in a Non-Darkroom Environment.

Scintillator is a key component in X-ray detectors that determine the performance of the devices. Nevertheless, due to the interference of the ambient light sources, scintillators are only operated in a darkroom environment currently. In this study, we designed a Cu+ and Al3+ co-doped ZnS scintillator (ZnS: Cu+, Al3+) that introduces donor-acceptor (D-A) pairs for X-ray detection. The prepared scintillator displayed an extremely high steady-state light yield (53,000 photons per MeV) upon X-ray irradiation, which is 5.3 times higher than that of the commercial Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) scintillator, making it possible in X-ray detection with the interference of ambient light. Furthermore, the prepared material was employed as a scintillator to construct an indirect X-ray detector, which performed a superior spatial resolution (≈10.0 lp/mm) as well as persistent stability under visible light interference, demonstrating the feasibility of the scintillator in practical applications. Therefore, this research presented a convenient and useful strategy to realize X-ray detection in a non-darkroom environment.

Multimode-Responsive Luminescence of Er3+ Single-Activated CaF2 Phosphor for Advanced Information Encryption.

The current optical anticounterfeit strategies that rely on multimode luminescence in response to the photon or thermal stimuli have significant importance in the field of anticounterfeiting and information encryption. However, the dependence on light and heat sources might limit their flexibility in practical applications. In this work, Er3+ single-doped CaF2 phosphors that show multistimuli-responsive luminescence have been successfully prepared. The as-obtained CaF2:Er3+ phosphor exhibits green photoluminescence (PL) and color-tunable up-conversation (UC) luminescence from red to green due to the cross-relaxation of Er3+ ions. Additionally, as-obtained CaF2:Er3+ phosphors also display green mechano-luminescence behavior, which is induced by the contact electrification between the CaF2 particles and PDMS polymers, enabling the phosphor to flexibly respond to mechanical stimuli. Moreover, feasible anticounterfeiting schemes with the capability of multistimuli-responsive and flexible decryption have been constructed, further expanding the application of optical materials in the field of advanced anticounterfeiting and information encryption.

Mitigation of avermectin exposure-induced brain tissue damage in carp by quercetin.

Avermectin is widely used as an important insecticide in agricultural production, but it also shows strong toxicity to non-target organisms. Quercetin is a natural flavonoid that is widely used due to its good anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. We believe that quercetin may have a potential therapeutic effect on avermectin poisoning. This experiment was proposed to observe the effect of quercetin on the toxic response to avermectin by observing the toxic response caused by avermectin in the brain of carp. In this project, 60 carp were studied as control group (Control), quercetin administration group (QUE), avermectin exposure group (AVM) and quercetin treatment avermectin exposure group (QUE + AVM) with different interventions to study the effect of quercetin on avermectin. The carp brain tissues were stained and simultaneously analyzed for blood-brain barrier (BBB), oxidative stress indicators, inflammatory factors, and apoptosis using qPCR technique. The results of the study indicate that avermectin exhibits a neurotoxic mechanism of action in fish by decreasing the transcript levels of tight junction protein-related genes, which in turn leads to the rupture of the BBB in the carp brain tissue. Avermectin induced apoptosis in carp brain tissue by increasing oxidative stress response and promoting inflammatory cell infiltration. Quercetin could reduce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the brain tissue of carp caused by avermectin exposure toxicity, maintain redox homeostasis, reduce inflammatory response, and protect brain tissue cells from apoptosis. The present study confirmed the therapeutic and protective effects of quercetin on neurotoxicity in carp caused by avermectin exposure.

Achieving Color-Tunable Long Persistent Luminescence in Cs2 CdCl4 Ruddlesden-Popper Phase Perovskites.

Two-dimensional (2D)-halide perovskites have been enriched over recent years to offer remarkable features from diverse chemical structures and environmental stability endowed with exciting functionalities in photoelectric detectors and phosphorescence systems. However, the low conversion efficiency of singlet to triplet in 2D hybrid halide perovskites reduces phosphorescence lifetimes. In this study, the long persistent luminescence of 2D all-inorganic perovskites with a self-assembled 2D interlayer galleries structure is investigated. The results show that the decay time of the long persistent luminescence increases from 450 s to 600 s, and the luminescence color changes from cyan to orange, and the thermal stability of photoluminescence enhances dramatically after replacing Cd2+ by appropriate Mn2+ ions in 2D Cs2 CdCl4 Ruddlesden-Popper phase perovskites. Furthermore, diversified anti-counterfeiting modes are fabricated to highlight the promising applications of Cs2 CdCl4 perovskite systems with tunable persistent luminescence in advanced anti-counterfeiting. Therefore, our studies provide a novel model for realizing tunable long persistent luminescence of perovskite with 2D self-assembled layered structure for advanced anti-counterfeiting.

Ultraviolet C random lasing at 230-280†nm from Pr3+ doped bulk crystal resonators by two-photon absorption.

Ultraviolet solid-state light sources, especially in the short-wave ultraviolet band, are attracting great attention for potential applications in high-density optical data storage, biomedical research, and water and air purification and sterilization. As one of the means to generate solid-state short-wavelength lasers, upconversion technology, which can transform a low-energy photon to a high-energy photon, has a simple structure and does not require strict phase-matching conditions. However, because of the high non-radiative decay rate during multiphoton absorption process, the short-wave upconversion ultraviolet lasing is still difficult to achieve. Here, under 450 nm blue laser excitation, we have successfully obtained ultraviolet C random lasing from a Pr3+ doped YPO4 single crystal via two-photon absorption. Presently, ultraviolet C random lasing with the wavelength range of 230-280 nm is the shortest wavelength for upconversion lasing emission.

A Temporal and Space Anti-counterfeiting Based on the Four-Modal Luminescent Ba2Zr2Si3O12 Phosphors.

Fluorescent anti-counterfeiting materials have been widely studied due to their high resolution and convenient identification by direct visualization of the color output. To date, the anti-counterfeiting technology of single ultraviolet excitation mode still has security problems because the single mode could be imitated easily. Here, we have successfully developed four modes of anti-counterfeiting from Eu2+ and Er3+ co-doped Ba2Zr2Si3O12 phosphors with photo, long persistent, photo-stimulated, and up-conversion luminescence behavior. The as-fabricated phosphors can emit an intense blue-green luminescence originating from the characteristic transition of Eu2+ ions and exhibit a blue-green long persistent luminescence phenomenon. Moreover, the enhancement of photo-stimulated luminescence that contributed to the effectively increased trap concentration is observed, along with the produced up-conversion phenomenon thanks to the introduction of Er3+ ions. Notably, the fluorescence rapidly changes from blue-green to stable green luminescence with the delay of excitation time under the excitation of a 980 nm laser diode. Herein, this work realizes the fast down- to up-conversion luminescence output over time, which provides the basis for its possible application in advanced multi-mode anti-counterfeiting.

Enhanced photoelectric performance of MoSSe/MoS2 van der Waals heterostructures with tunable multiple band alignment.

Janus MoSSe with mirror asymmetry has recently emerged as a new two-dimensional (2D) material with a sizeable out-of-plane dipole moment. Here, based on first-principles calculations, we theoretically investigate the electronic properties of two patterns of 2D MoSSe/MoS2 van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs). The electronic properties of MoSSe can be tuned by the intrinsic out-of-plane dipole field. When the Se side of the Janus layer faces the MoS2 layer, the dipole field points from the MoSSe layer towards the MoS2 layer, and the vdWH possesses a type-I band alignment which is desirable for light emission applications. With a reversal of the Janus layer, the intrinsic field inverts accordingly, and the band alignment becomes a typical type-II band alignment, which benefits carrier separation. Moreover, it possesses superior optical absorption (∼105 cm-1), and the calculated photocurrent density under visible-light radiation is up to 0.9 mA cm-2 in the MoSSe/MoS2 vdWH. Meanwhile, an external electric field and vertical strain can remarkably modulate the band alignment to switch it between type-I and type-II. Thus, MoSSe/MoS2 vdWHs have promising applications in next-generation photovoltaic devices.

MicroRNA-382-5p Promotes Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Development and Progression by Negatively Regulating PTEN Expression.

PURPOSE: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) local recurrence and distant metastasis remain a poorly understood clinical challenge. The objective of this study was to investigate how dysregulation of miR-382-5p impacts invasion and dissemination of OSCC. METHODS: Tissue samples were collected from 20 subjects with OSCC. Expression levels of miR-382-5p were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and correlations with clinical characteristics were investigated. qRT-PCR was used to determine the miR-382-5p and peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PTEN) expression in tumor tissues, adjacent normal tissues, normal human oral keratinocyte line, and OSCC line (SCC-9). Cell proliferation, invasion, and migration of knock-in and knock-down miR-382-5p transfectants were assessed using cell counting kit-8 and Transwell assays. PTEN was confirmed to be a downstream target using a TargetScan prediction, dual-luciferase reporter assays, and western blot analysis. Statistical analysis of experimental data was performed with SPSS 22.0 software. RESULTS: We found high expression of miR-382-5p and significant downregulation of PTEN in tumor tissues and SCC-9 cells from OSCC patients (P < .05). miR-382-5p expression was lower in early stage (I + II) than in late stage (III + IV), while PTEN exhibited higher expression in early stage (I + II) instead of in late stage (III + IV) (P < .05). In addition, overexpression of miR-382-5p promoted the proliferation, invasion, and migration of OSCC cells. However, the proliferation, invasion, and migration of OSCC cells were inhibited after suppression of miR-382-5p. Finally, PTEN is downregulated by miR-382-5p. CONCLUSION: MiR-382-5p supports proliferation, invasion, and migration of OSCC cells through the PTEN pathway. Further investigation may improve our understanding of OSCC local recurrence and distant metastasis.