[Progress in goat genome studies].

The goat genome is the research basis for the protection and utilization of goat resources, which is important for breeding and improving goat breeds. At present, with the continuous improvement of goat reference genome, various important research progress in goat origin, evolution and adaptability has been achieved. In this review, we summarize the research progress in the goat genome in detail, encompassing goat genome structure, genome map (genetic, physical and comparative maps), goat high throughput sequencing and SNP chip development. We aim to provide a theoretical foundation for the development of goat genome selection.

Constructing tightly integrated conductive metal-organic framework/covalent triazine framework heterostructure by coordination bonds for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

The construction of tightly integrated heterostructures with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) has been confirmed to be an effective way for improved hydrogen evolution. However, the reported tightly integrated MOF/COF hybrids were usually limited to the covalent connection of COFs with aldehyde groups and NH2-MOF via Schiff base reaction, restricting the development of MOF/COF hybrids. Herein, a covalent triazine framework (CTF-1), a subtype of crystalline COFs, was integrated with a conductive two-dimensional (2D) MOF (Ni-CAT-1) by a novel coordinating connection mode for significantly enhanced visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution. The terminal amidine groups in the CTF-1 layers offer dual N sites for the coordination of metal ions, which provides the potential of coordinating connection between CTF-1 and Ni-CAT-1. The conductive 2D Ni-CAT-1 in Ni-CAT-1/CTF-1 hybrids effectively facilitates the separation of photogenerated carriers of CTF-1 component, and the resultant hybrid materials show significantly enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity. In particular, the Ni-CAT-1/CTF-1 (1:19) sample exhibits the maximum hydrogen evolution rate of 8.03 mmol g-1h-1, which is about four times higher than that of the parent CTF-1 (1.96 mmol g-1h-1). The enhanced photocatalytic activity of Ni-CAT-1/CTF-1 is mainly attributed to the incorporation of conductive MOF which leads to the formation of a Z-Scheme heterostructure, promoting the electron transfer in hybrid materials. The coordinating combination mode of Ni-CAT-1 and CTF-1 in this work provides a novel strategy for constructing tightly integrated MOF/COF hybrid materials.

Mixed-Metal-Cluster Strategy for Boosting Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction of Robust Metal-Organic Frameworks.

Rational construction of mixed metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has been proved to be an effective way to heighten the electrocatalytic performance for MOFs, while the function of mixed metal clusters in MOFs to the electrocatalytic activity has not been known. For the first time, we present a mixed-metal-cluster strategy to boost electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance for MOFs. Heterometal clusters (Fe2M(µ3-O) (CH3COO)6(H2O)3, denoted as Fe2M (M: Co or Ni)), were chosen as the metal source to construct two bimetal PCN-250-Fe2M. Then, we further mixed Fe2Co and Fe2Ni clusters to construct mixed-metal-cluster PCN-Fe2Co-Fe2Ni by the in situ solvothermal reaction. Consequently, the OER activity of PCN-Fe2Co-Fe2Ni shows a dramatic enhancement compared with that of the parent bimetal MOFs. The PCN-Fe2Co-Fe2Ni displays a lower overpotential of 271 mV (η10), small Tafel slope (67.7 mV dec-1), and good linear sweep voltammetry cycle stability for the OER. Combination of DFT calculation and experiment results show that the improved electrocatalytic activity of PCN-Fe2Co-Fe2Ni is ascribed to the increased electron density of Co and Ni active centers and electrochemically active areas.

Thalidomide Combined with Chemotherapy in Treating Patients with Advanced Colorectal Cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and effectiveness of thalidomide (produced by CHANGZHOU PHARMACEUTICAL FACTORY CO.LTD) combined with chemotherapy in treating patients with advanced colorectal cancer. METHOD: A consecutive cohort of pretreated patients with advanced colorectal cancer were treated with thalidomide combined with chemotherapy. And chemotherapy for patients with advanced colorectal cancer were administered according to the condition of patients. Thalidomide was orally administered at a dosage of 50mg/day to 150 mg/day before sleeping for at least 14 days. After at least 14 days of treatment, safety and side effects were evaluated. RESULTS: There were 12 female and 3 male patients with advanced cancer recruited into this study, including 9 patients with colon, 6 patients with rectal cancer. The median age of patients was 57(41- 82) years. Partial response was observed in 2 patients (2/15), and stable disease in 3 patients(3/15). Incidences of Grade 1 to 2 myelosuppression was observed in 1/15 patients, and Grade 1 to 2 elevation of hepatic enzyme was recorded in 1/15 patients. Adverse effects on the gastrointestinal tract were documented in 1/15 patients, and were Grade 1. No Grade 3-4 toxicities were diagnosed. No treatment related death was found. CONCLUSIONS: Thalidomide combined with chemotherapy was safe and mildly effective in treating patients with advanced colorectal cancer. However, further study should be conducted to clarify the effectiveness of this combination.

Comparison of serum tumor associated material (TAM) with conventional biomarkers in cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE: To compare expression level of serum tumor associated materials (TAM) with several conventional serum tumor biomarkers, eg., carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen19-9 (CA19-9), carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3), alpha-fetoprotein(AFP), in selected solid tumors. METHODS: Patients diagnosed histologically or cytologically with liver, breast, esophageal, gastric, colorectal or pancreatic cancers were enrolled into this study. After diagnosis, the level of TAM was determined by chemical colorimetry, and levels of conventional tumor markers was measured by chemiluminescence methods. RESULTS: A total of 560 patients were enrolled into this study. No statistically significant difference was detected in TAM and the above mentioned tumor biomarkers in terms of their positivity and negativity (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Detection of TAM in liver, breast, esophageal, gastric, colorectal, and pancreatic cancer patients demonstrates a good accordance with CEA, CA199, CA153, and AFP, thus suggesting that further study is warranted to verify whether TAM could be a surrogate for these conventional biomarkers.

[Observation on therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture plus blood-letting puncture at Weizhong (BL 40) on acute lumbar disc herniation].

OBJECTIVE: To find a better method for treatment of acute lumbar disc herniation. METHODS: One hundred cases were randomly divided into 2 groups. The observation group of 52 cases was treated with electroacupuncture at Yaoyangguan (GV 3), Dachangshu (BL 25), Guanyuanshu (BL 26), Xiaochangshu (BI. 27) as main points, and blood-letting puncture at stagnant collaterals nearby Weizhong (BL 40); the control group of 48 cases was treated with traction combined with electroacupuncture at main points Jiaji (EX-B 2), Shenshu (BL 23), Dachangshu (BL 25). Their therapeutic effects were observed and compared. RESULTS: The cured rate and the cured markedly effective rate were 55.8% and 82.7% in the observation group and 33.3% and 54.2% in the control group, respectively, with significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Electroacupuncture combined with blood letting puncture at stagnant collaterals nearby Weizhong (BL 40) has a signifi cant therapeutic effect on acute lumbar disc herniation.

[Activation of periphery group III metabotropic glutamate receptors inhibits formalin-induced activation of spinal p38-MAPK in rats].

AIM: To explore the effects of periphery injection of L-SOP on the activation of p38MAPK in spinal cord in formalin pain model in rats. METHODS: Fourty-eight male Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups (n=12): NS group and three different dose of L-SOP groups. For each group, 6 rats used to observe flinching and licking time every as nociception behavior 3 minutes in 1 hour after formalin injected and the other 6 rats used to observe the activation of p38(P-p38) by Western blotting. RESULTS: All the three different groups of L-SOP could inhibit nociception behavior in the tonic phase,and 250 nmoVl/L and 500 nmol/L groups could suppress not only in the tonic phase but also in the acute phase. 250 nmol/L and 500 nmol/L groups could reduce activated or phosphorylated p38MAPK in spinal cord. CONCLUSION: Periphery injection of L-SOP can reduce nociceptive behavior and phosphorylated p38MAPK in the spinal cord in formalin-induced hyperalgia, it is suggested that there is functional expression of mGluRs III in the periphery and is involved in the processing of peripheral noxious informations.