Comparison of culture-competent virus shedding duration of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in regard to vaccination status: A prospective cohort study.

Previous studies have shown that fully vaccinated patients with SARS-CoV-2 Delta variants has shorter viable viral shedding period compared to unvaccinated or partially vaccinated patients. However, data about effects of vaccination against the viable viral shedding period in patients with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants were limited. We compared the viable viral shedding period of SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant regard to vaccination status. Saliva samples were obtained daily from patients with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, and genomic assessments and virus culture was performed to those samples. We found no difference in viable viral shedding period between fully vaccinated and not or partially vaccinated, nor between 1st boostered vs non-boostered patients with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.

Genotypes and genetic characters of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Myanmar using three typing methods.

Knowledge on basic characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is helpful to understand the disease epidemiology and support the prediction of clinical outcome of the disease. The aim of this study was to detect the genotypes and genotypic characters of clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates from new and retreatment rifampicin-resistant patients using three different genotyping methods. Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) typing was used to determine the diversity of 222 clinical isolates. Spoligotyping and IS6110-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) typing were also used to investigate the genetic characters of 105 MTB strains. Among the 15 genotypes detected by MIRU-VNTR, Beijing strains were the most prevalent of all strains (54.8%); new cases (40.5%) and retreatment cases (69.4%), followed by EAI strain. Spoligotyping categorized the strains into 11 lineages and 13 orphans whereas 96 different IS6110 patterns were identified using RFLP method. The mode number of IS6110 was 18 and 20. Higher band numbers were found in Beijing genotype (p < 0.001). Clustering rates by spoligotyping, MIRU-VNTR and IS6110-RFLP typing were 0.714, 0.004 and 0.085, respectively. Discriminatory powers of spoligotyping, MIRU-VNTR typing and IS6110-RFLP typing were 0.637, 1.000 and 0.997, respectively. Dominant Beijing genotype in both new and retreatment cases denoting that prevailing tuberculosis in Myanmar changed from EAI to Beijing lineage.