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Although 2D π-d conjugated metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit high in-plane conductivity, the closely stacked layers result in low specific surface area and difficulty in mass transfer and diffusion. Hence, a conductive 3D MOF Fe3(HITP)2/bpm@Co (HITP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene) is reported through inserting bpm (4,4'-bipyrimidine) ligands and Co2+ into the interlayers of 2D MOF Fe3(HITP)2. Compared to 2D Fe3(HITP)2 (37.23 m2 g-1), 3D Fe3(HITP)2/bpm@Co displays a huge improvement in the specific surface area (373.82 m2 g-1). Furthermore, the combined experimental and density functional theory (DFT) theoretical calculations demonstrate the metallic behavior of Fe3(HITP)2/bpm@Co, which will benefit to the electrocatalytic activity of it. Impressively, Fe3(HITP)2/bpm@Co exhibits prominent and stable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance (an overpotential of 299 mV vs RHE at a current density of 10 mA cm-2 and a Tafel slope of 37.14 mV dec-1), which is superior to 2D Fe3(HITP)2 and comparable to commercial IrO2. DFT theoretical calculation reveals that the combined action of the Fe and Co sites in Fe3(HITP)2/bpm@Co is responsible for the enhanced electrocatalytic activity. This work provides an alternative approach to develop conductive 3D MOFs as efficient electrocatalysts.
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Antimony-based electrodes are widely used in various fields for pH detection due to their low cost. However, their application in the marine environment is significantly hampered by the significant potential drift observed in seawater pH measurements. This study focuses on enhancing the stability of a pure antimony electrode by doping various amounts of copper without compromising its pH response. A series of electrochemical tests demonstrated that the fabricated alloy electrodes exhibited excellent pH response characteristics, including sensitivity, ion selectivity, response time, reversibility, and temperature coefficients. Moreover, the alloy electrodes were more resistant to corrosion than the pure antimony electrode, thereby guaranteeing the stability. Notably, the alloy electrodes containing 63 at% and 70 at% antimony exhibited superior electrochemical characteristics. The surface analysis elucidated that the alloy electrode had reduced oxidation, surface cracks and antimony peeling compared to the pure antimony electrode. Furthermore, the prepared alloy electrodes exhibited excellent pH response and stability in simulated high-salinity seawater and real seawater. The above results highlight that doping cheap copper into antimony can improve the electrode stability by enhancing the corrosion resistance and slowing down the oxidation rate, thus enabling reliable long-time operation in a relatively stable state. These findings provide experimental support for developing novel pH electrodes based on non-noble metals for use in challenging environments such as seawater.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of cryoablation treatment in advanced NSCLC patients who had failed first-line chemotherapy. Eighty-seven patients from ten hospitals in China were enrolled into the study, forty-four patients received cryoablation treatment plus basic treatment (experimental group), and forty-three patients had basic treatment alone (control group). Follow-up was performed once every three months until the end of the study or the death of the patient. The primary endpoints were overall and post-intervention survival; secondary endpoints included tumor markers, solid tumor efficacy, and symptom changes before and after treatment. There was no significant difference in median OS between the two groups of patients (9.0 months vs 11.2 months, P = 0.583). The disease control rate (DCR) and living quality of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. In terms of OS, indiscriminate use of cryoablation for such patients was not beneficial, though it could improve symptoms of patients. Cryoablation had a significant effect on selected advanced NSCLC patients after the failure of first-line chemotherapy.
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Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas , Criocirurgia , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Humanos , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/cirurgia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/patologia , Criocirurgia/métodos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Pulmonares/cirurgia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Idoso , Estudos Prospectivos , Adulto , Resultado do Tratamento , Falha de TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Lipid accumulation product (LAP) is an accessible and relatively comprehensive assessment of obesity that represents both anatomical and physiological lipid accumulation. Obesity and psoriasis are potentially related, according to previous research. Investigating the relationship between adult psoriasis and the LAP index was the goal of this study. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2006 and 2009-2014. The association between LAP and psoriasis was examined using multivariate logistic regression and smoothed curve fitting. To verify whether this relationship was stable across populations, subgroup analyses and interaction tests were performed. RESULTS: The LAP index showed a positive correlation with psoriasis in 9,781 adult participants who were 20 years of age or older. A 27% elevated probability of psoriasis was linked to every unit increase in ln LAP in the fully adjusted model (Model 3: OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.06-1.52). In comparison with participants in the lowest ln LAP quartile, those in the highest quartile had an 83% greater likelihood of psoriasis (Model 3: OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.08-3.11). This positive correlation was more pronounced for young males, participants who had never smoked, non-drinkers, participants who exercised little, as well as non-hypertensive and non-diabetic participants. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that the LAP index and adult psoriasis were positively correlated, especially in young males without comorbidities. Therefore, it is proposed that LAP may serve as a biomarker for early diagnosis of psoriasis and tracking the effectiveness of treatment.
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Produto da Acumulação Lipídica , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Psoríase , Humanos , Psoríase/epidemiologia , Psoríase/metabolismo , Masculino , Adulto , Feminino , Estudos Transversais , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem , Fatores de Risco , Modelos Logísticos , Índice de Massa CorporalRESUMO
Developing clean energy is a key pathway and an inevitable choice for achieving the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality. From a global perspective, technology is increasingly affecting the trajectory of energy transition, driving clean energy into a stage of rapid development. Therefore, this paper focuses on exploring the dynamic evolutionary characteristics of clean energy transitions driven by different productivity. Using panel data from 171 economies from 1990 to 2019, this paper systematically examines the impact of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) and Green Total Factor Productivity (GTFP) on clean energy transitions. The empirical results indicate that both TFP and GTFP positively impact clean energy transition. Specifically, clean energy consumption increases by 3.35% and 6.03%with a one standard deviation change in TFP and GTFP respectively. Upon decomposing TFP and GTFP, it was found that Green Efficiency Change (GECH) and Green Technical Change (GHCH), especially GECH, are the main factors driving the clean energy transition. Heterogeneity analysis shows that, in developed economies, GTFP has a larger positive impact on clean energy transition than TFP. Furthermore, GTFP demonstrates a significant positive impact on the clean energy transition both before and after the 2008 financial crisis, whereas TFP's positive impact is only evident before the crisis. Our findings emphasize the social benefits of further investments in GTFP.
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EficiênciaRESUMO
The total synthesis of laurolitsine was achieved for the first time. This reaction was accomplished in 14 steps with a 2.3% yield (this was calculated using 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde as the starting material) starting from two simple materials, 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde and 2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)acetic acid, and the longest linear sequence consisted of 11 steps. The key steps included an electrophilic addition reaction in which a nitro group was reduced to an amino group using lithium tetrahydroaluminum and a Pd-catalyzed direct biaryl coupling reaction. In this paper, many of the experimental steps were optimized, and an innovative postprocessing method in which 2-(3-(benzyloxy)-4-methoxyphenyl)ethanamine is salted with oxalic acid was proposed.
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Chlorinated organic compounds (COCs) are typical refractory organic compounds, having high biological toxicity. These compounds are a type of pervasive pollutants that can be present in polluted soil, air, and various types of waterways, such as groundwater, rivers, and lakes, posing a significant threat to the ecological environment and human health. Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) are an effective strategy for the degradation of bio-refractory compounds. BESs improve the waste treatment efficiency through the application of weak electrical stimulation. This review discusses the processes of BESs configurations and degradation performances in different environmental media including wastewater, soil, waste gas and groundwater. In addition, the degradation mechanisms and performance-enhancing additives are summarized. The future challenges and perspectives on the development of BES for COCs removal are briefly discussed.
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Biodegradação Ambiental , Técnicas Eletroquímicas , Águas Residuárias/química , Hidrocarbonetos Clorados/metabolismo , Poluentes Químicos da Água/metabolismo , Água Subterrânea/química , Compostos Orgânicos/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Although there are many reasons for extubation failure, maintaining negative or lower positive fluid balances 24 hours before extubation may be a key measure for successful extubation. AIM: To assess the predictive value of fluid balance before extubation and its outcome in mechanically ventilated cases in the intensive care unit (ICU). STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective cohort study involved collecting clinical data from patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in Lanzhou general adult ICU from January 2022 to December 2022. Based on extubation outcomes, the patients were divided into a successful extubation group and a failed extubation group. Their fluid balance levels 24 h before extubation were compared with analyse the predictive value of fluid balance on extubation outcomes in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. RESULTS: In this study, clinical data from 545 patients admitted to a general adult ICU were collected. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 265 (48.6%) patients were included, of which 197 (74.3%) were successfully extubated; extubation was unsuccessful in 68 (25.7%) patients. The total intake and fluid balance levels in patients in the failed extubation group 24 h before extubation were significantly higher than those in the successful extubation group, with a median of 2679.00 (2410.44-3193.50) mL versus 2435.40 (1805.04-2957.00) mL, 831.50 (26.25-1407.94) mL versus 346.00 (-163.00-941.50) mL. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the optimal cut-off value for predicting extubation outcomes was 497.5 mL (sensitivity 64.7%, specificity 59.4%) for fluid balance 24 h before extubation. The area under the ROC curve was 0.627 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.547-0.707). Based on the logistic regression model, cumulative fluid balance >497.5 mL 24 h before extubation could predict its outcomes in mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU (OR = 5.591, 95% CI [2.402-13.015], p < .05). CONCLUSIONS: The fluid balance level 24 h before extubation was correlated with the outcome of extubation in mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU. The risk of extubation failure was higher when the fluid balance level was >497.5 mL. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Tracheal intubation is a crucial life support technique for many critically ill patients, and determining the appropriate time for extubation remains a challenge for clinicians. Although there are many reasons for extubation failure, acute pulmonary oedema caused by continuous positive fluid balance and volume overload is one of the main reasons for extubation failure. Therefore, it is very important to study the relationship between fluid balance and extubation outcome to improve the prognosis of patients with invasive mechanical ventilation in ICU.
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BACKGROUND: Molnupiravir has been considered a promising candidate for COVID-19. Its efficacy and safety in non-severe COVID-19 patients and the differences between patients with different risk factors need further evaluation. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that allocated adult patients with non-severe COVID-19 to molnupiravir or a control. We used random-effects models, and conducted subgroup analyses and meta-regression for COVID-19 patients with high-risk factors. The GRADE approach was used to rate the certainty of evidence. RESULTS: Fourteen trials with 34â570 patients were included. Moderate- to low-certainty evidence showed that molnupiravir was associated with a reduction in the risk of hospitalization (relative risk [RR]â=â0.63, 95% CI: 0.47-0.85), risk of mechanical ventilation (RRâ=â0.37, 95% CI: 0.19-0.72) and time to symptom resolution (mean differences [MD]â=â-2.91 days, 95% CI: -3.66 to -2.16). However, no significant differences were found in adverse events, all-cause mortality, rate of and time to viral clearance, or duration of hospitalization. For the rate of viral clearance, subgroup effects were found between trials with low and high risk of bias (Pâ=â0.001) and between trials with male or female majority (Pâ<â0.001). For admission to hospital, subgroup effects were also found between trials with ≥50% and <50% of the participants being female (Pâ=â0.04). Meta-regression showed a significant association between higher trial mean age and elevated risk of hospitalization (Pâ=â0.011), and female majority and elevated risk of hospitalization (Pâ=â0.011). CONCLUSIONS: Molnupiravir was found to be effective in non-severe COVID-19, but the efficacy varied with age and sex.
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COVID-19 , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , HospitalizaçãoRESUMO
In this work, a new method to extend the light absorption and improve the photocatalytic activity of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with nitrogen-containing ligand is reported, namely, the protonation of nitrogen. Specifically, a protonated Bi-based MOF synthesized by a hydrothermal method (Bi-MMTAA-H, MMTAA=2-mercapto-4-methyl-5-thiazoleacetic acid) displays a wider visible light absorption than Bi-MMTAA-R with the same single-crystal structure, but synthesized by a reflux method. The redshifted light absorption was confirmed to be caused by the protonation of nitrogen in the thiazolyl ring in MMTAA. Moreover, this protonation also facilitates the charge separation and transfer and improves the photocatalytic activity of selective oxidation of α-terpinene to p-cymene. Our results provide a new idea for nitrogen-containing Bi-based MOFs to extend the light absorption and improve the photocatalytic performance.
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Tripartite motif 21 (TRIM21), a member of the TRIM family, plays an important role in apoptosis, autophagy and ubiquitination in human, and has been proven to play antiviral roles in different organisms. In this study, the TRIM21 gene of Micropterus salmoides (MsTRIM21) was cloned, and it encoded 376 amino acids, which showed 89.3% similarity with Micropterus dolomieu and 38.3% with homo sapiens. Bioinformatics analysis revealed MsTRIM21 contained four domains: C4HC3-type RING-variant (RINGv), coiled coil, PRY and SPRY. The high expression level of MsTRIM21 could be detected in liver, stomach and muscle of healthy Micropterus salmoides, and it was significantly upregulated in head kidney, muscle, gill and brain and significantly down-regulated in the stomach of Micropterus salmoides infected with largemouth bass ulcer syndrome virus (LBUSV). The overexpression of MsTRIM21 could significantly inhibit the viral replication in vitro, evidenced by the reduction of CPE severity and the downregulation of the viral gene transcription. In addition, the overexpression of MsTRIM21 could significantly increase the expression level of interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 3, IRF7, myxovirus resistance 1 (Mx1), interferon stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in vitro, indicating the enhancement of innate immune response and inflammatory response, which may directly affect the replication of LBUSV. Thus, these results provide new lights on the roles of fish TRIM21 in innate immune response against iridovirus.
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Bass , Doenças dos Peixes , Humanos , Animais , Úlcera , Interferons , Imunidade Inata/genética , AntiviraisRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Ambient air pollution was linked to elevated risks of adverse cardiovascular events, and alterations in electrophysiological properties of the heart might be potential pathways. However, there is still lacking research exploring the associations between PM1 exposure and cardiac conduction parameters. Additionally, the interactive effects of PM1 and residential greenness on cardiac conduction parameters in resource-limited areas remain unknown. METHODS: A total of 27483 individuals were enrolled from the Henan Rural Cohort study. Cardiac conduction parameters were tested by 12-lead electrocardiograms. Concentrations of PM1 were evaluated by satellite-based spatiotemporal models. Levels of residential greenness were assessed using Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines were fitted to explore the associations of PM1 and residential greenness exposure with cardiac conduction abnormalities risk, and the interaction plot method was performed to visualize their interaction effects. RESULTS: The 3-year median concentration of PM1 was 56.47 (2.55) µg/m3, the adjusted odds rate (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for abnormal HR, PR, QRS, and QTc interval risk in response to 1 µg/m3 increase in PM1 were 1.064 (1.044, 1.085), 1.037 (1.002, 1.074), 1.061 (1.044, 1.077) and 1.046 (1.028, 1.065), respectively. Participants exposure to higher levels of PM1 had increased risks of abnormal HR (OR = 1.221, 95%CI: 1.144, 1.303), PR (OR = 1.061, 95%CI: 0.940, 1.196), QRS (OR = 1.225, 95%CI: 1.161, 1.294) and QTc interval (OR = 1.193, 95%CI: 1.121, 1.271) compared with lower levels of PM1. Negative interactive effects of exposure to PM1 and residential greenness on abnormal HR, QRS, and QTc intervals were observed (Pfor interaction < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Long-term PM1 exposure was associated with elevated cardiac conduction abnormalities risks, and this adverse association might be mitigated by residential greenness to some extent. These findings emphasize that controlling PM1 pollution and increasing greenness levels might be effective strategies to reduce cardiovascular disease burdens in resource-limited areas.
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Qinggan Huoxue Recipe (QGHXR) is originated from Xiao Chaihu Decotion. Many experimental studies have confirmed that QGHXR can significantly alleviate the symptoms of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), but the detailed mechanism is still unclear. Using traditional Chinese medicine network pharmacology analysis system database and animal experiments, we found that 180 potentially chemical compositions and 618 potential targets were screened from the prescription, which shared 133 signal pathways with ALD. Through animal experiments, it was found that QGHXR could reduce the liver total cholesterol (TC), serum TC, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase of ALD mice, reduce the lipid droplets and inflammatory injury of liver tissue. Meanwhile, it can also increase PTEN, decrease PI3K and AKT mRNA levels. In this study, we obtained the targets and pathways of QGHXR in the treatment of ALD, and preliminatively verified that QGHXR may improve ALD through PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Hepatopatias Alcoólicas , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases , Animais , Camundongos , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/genética , Farmacologia em Rede , Hepatopatias Alcoólicas/tratamento farmacológico , Transdução de SinaisRESUMO
As one of the most significant imaging modalities currently available, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been extensively utilized for clinically accurate cancer diagnosis. However, low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and low specificity for tumors continue to pose significant challenges. Inspired by the distance-dependent magnetic resonance tuning (MRET) phenomenon, the tumor microenvironment (TME)-activated off-on T1-T2 dual-mode MRI nanoswitch is presented in the current study to realize the sensitive early diagnosis of tumors. The tumor-specific nanoswitch is designed and manufactured on the basis of PDGFB-conjugating ferroferric oxide coated by Mn-doped silica (PDGFB-FMS), which can be degraded under the high-concentration GSH and low pH in TME to activate the T1-T2 dual-mode MRI signals. The tumor-specific off-on dual-mode MRI nanoswitch can significantly improve the SNR and is used successfully for the accurate diagnosis of early-stage tumors, particularly for orthotopic prostate cancer. In addition, the systemic delivery of the nanoswitch did not cause blood or tissue damage, and it can be excreted out of the body in a timely manner, demonstrating excellent biosafety. Overall, the strategy is a significant step in the direction of designing off-on dual-mode MRI nanoprobes to improve imaging accuracy, which opens up new avenues for the development of new MRI probes.
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Meios de Contraste , Neoplasias , Masculino , Humanos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-sis , Neoplasias/diagnóstico por imagem , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Dióxido de Silício , Microambiente TumoralRESUMO
Chemodynamic therapy of cancer is limited by insufficient endogenous H2O2 generation and acidity in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, we developed a biodegradable theranostic platform (pLMOFePt-TGO) involving composite of dendritic organosilica and FePt alloy, loaded with tamoxifen (TAM) and glucose oxidase (GOx), and encapsulated by platelet-derived growth factor-B (PDGFB)-labeled liposomes, that effectively uses the synergy among chemotherapy, enhanced chemodynamic therapy (CDT), and anti-angiogenesis. The increased concentration of glutathione (GSH) present in the cancer cells induces the disintegration of pLMOFePt-TGO, releasing FePt, GOx, and TAM. The synergistic action of GOx and TAM significantly enhanced the acidity and H2O2 level in the TME by aerobiotic glucose consumption and hypoxic glycolysis pathways, respectively. The combined effect of GSH depletion, acidity enhancement, and H2O2 supplementation dramatically promotes the Fenton-catalytic behavior of FePt alloys, which, in combination with tumor starvation caused by GOx and TAM-mediated chemotherapy, significantly increases the anticancer efficacy of this treatment. In addition, T2-shortening caused by FePt alloys released in TME significantly enhances contrast in the MRI signal of tumor, enabling a more accurate diagnosis. Results of in vitro and in vivo experiments suggest that pLMOFePt-TGO can effectively suppress tumor growth and angiogenesis, thus providing an exciting potential strategy for developing satisfactory tumor theranostics.
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Ferroptose , Neoplasias , Humanos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Microambiente Tumoral , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/metabolismo , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Apoptose , Glucose Oxidase/metabolismoRESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of modified coblation endoscopic lingual lightening to address retrolingual obstruction in multilevel surgery for obstructive sleep apneae (OSA). METHODS: Patients with OSA due to retropalatal and retrolingual obstructions were enrolled. Group 1 consisted of patients who underwent modified coblation endoscopic lingual lightening combined with H-uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, while group 2 comprised patients treated by H-uvulopalatopharyngoplasty alone. Objective parameters and subjective evaluations were recorded preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: The mean (standard deviation) apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) declined from 51.5 (18.9) to 14.3 (7.2) in group 1, and from 51.7 (15.8) to 28.5 (16.9) in group 2. The mean (standard deviation) percentage change in AHI was higher in group 1 than in group 2 (73.2 [10.9] vs. 48.9 [22.4], P < 0.01). The surgical response rate differed significantly between groups 1 and 2 (88.5 [23/26] vs. 46.7 [14/30], P < 0.01). Other outcomes, including the lowest oxygen saturation, Epworth Sleepiness Scale score, snoring visual analog scale score, and subjective improvement rate, were also significantly better in group 1 than in group 2. CONCLUSION: Without increasing complications, modified coblation endoscopic lingual lightening significantly improved surgical outcomes as part of multilevel surgery in patients with OSA due to multilevel obstruction.
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Previous studies have shown a relationship between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure and an increased risk of neonatal disorders. Considering the huge burden of neonatal disorders, we assessed spatiotemporal trends of neonatal disorders burden caused by ambient and household PM2.5 at the global, regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2019. The number, rate, and population attributable fraction (PAF) of ambient and household PM2.5-related neonatal disorders disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 to measure the related neonatal disorders burden by age, sex, subtype, and region. Estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was estimated to quantify temporal trends. In 2019, approximately a fifth of the global neonatal disorders burden was attributable to PM2.5 exposure, with 7.54% for ambient PM2.5 and 13.23% for household PM2.5. Although the global neonatal disorders burden attributable to household PM2.5 has decreased substantially in the past 30 years, that attributable to ambient PM2.5 has increased, especially in lower sociodemographic index (SDI) regions. The highest rate and PAF of ambient PM2.5-related neonatal disorders DALYs in 2019 were in South Asia and East Asia, respectively, and the fastest increases were in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa (for rate: EAPC = 2.55, 95% CI: 2.37-2.73) and South Asia (for PAF: EAPC = 3.88, 95% CI: 3.68-4.08). In addition, we found an inverted V-shaped between rates and PAFs of ambient PM2.5-related neonatal disorders DALYs in 2019, as well as corresponding EAPCs, and SDI, while rates and PAFs of household PM2.5-related neonatal disorders DALYs in 2019 were highly negatively correlated with SDI. In the past three decades, the global ambient PM2.5-related neonatal disorders burden largely increased, especially in lower SDI regions. Comparatively, the household PM2.5-related neonatal disorders burden decreased but still accounted for about two-thirds of the PM2.5-related neonatal disease burden.
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Carga Global da Doença , Saúde Global , Anos de Vida Ajustados por Qualidade de Vida , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Material Particulado/toxicidadeRESUMO
The effect of Epsin 3 (EPN3) on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not yet been clearly elucidated. This study identified the exact function of EPN3 on NSCLC progression. EPN3 expression in NSCLC patients were analyzed based on the Cancer Genome Atlas database. Kaplan-Meier analysis was implemented to research the effect of EPN3 on patients' survival. EPN3 expression in clinical tissues of 62 NSCLC cases was monitored by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry and Western blot. A549 and H1299 cells were transfected with EPN3 shRNA and treated by RO8191 (20 µM). Proliferation was researched by cell counting kit-8 and 5-ethnyl-2 deoxyuridine assays. Apoptosis was monitored by flow cytometry. Migration and invasion was assessed by Transwell experiment. EPN3 effect on A549 cell in vivo growth was researched using nude mice. RO8191 (200 µg) was intratumoral injected into mice. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot was implemented to monitor protein expression in cells and xenograft tumor tissues. EPN3 was abnormally up-regulated in NSCLC patients and cells, indicating a lower overall survival. Loss of EPN3 weakened proliferation, migration and invasion, induced apoptosis, and repressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition in NSCLC cells. Loss of EPN3 inactivated the JAK1/2-STAT3 pathway in NSCLC cells. RO8191 treatment reversed the inhibition of EPN3 knockdown on the malignant phenotype of NSCLC cells. RO8191 intratumoral injection reversed the suppression of EPN3 silencing on NSCLC cell in vivo growth. EPN3 acted as an oncogene in NSCLC via activating the JAK1/2-STAT3 pathway. EPN3 may be a promising target for NSCLC treatment.
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Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , MicroRNAs , Humanos , Animais , Camundongos , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/patologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Camundongos Nus , Proliferação de Células/genética , Pulmão/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Janus Quinase 1/genética , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/genética , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/metabolismo , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transporte Vesicular/genética , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transporte Vesicular/metabolismoRESUMO
Kaixin Powder is a classic prescription for invigorating Qi, nourishing the mind, and calming the mind. It has pharmacological effects of improving learning and memory ability, resisting oxidation, delaying aging, and promoting the differentiation and regeneration of nerve cells. It is mainly used in the modern clinical treatment of amnesia, depression, dementia, and other diseases. The present paper reviewed the research progress on the chemical composition and pharmacological action of Kaixin Powder, predicted and analyzed its quality markers(Q-markers) according to the concept of Chinese medicine Q-markers, including transmission and traceability, specificity, effectiveness, measurability, and compound compatibility environment. The results suggested that sibiricose A5, sibiricose A6, polygalaxanthone â ¢, 3',6-disinapoylsucrose, tenuifoliside A, ginsenoside Rg_1, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rb_1, pachymic acid, ß-asarone, and α-asarone could be used as Q-markers of Kaixin Powder. This study is expected to provide a scientific basis for establishing the quality control system and the whole process quality traceability system of Kaixin Powder compound preparations.
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Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Ginsenosídeos , Pós , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Medicina Tradicional ChinesaRESUMO
Strong adsorption and catalysis for lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) are critical toward the electrochemical stability of Li-S batteries. Herein, a hollow sandwiched nanoparticle is put forward to enhance the adsorption-catalysis-conversion dynamic of sulfur species. The outer ultrathin Ni(OH)2 nanosheets not only confine LiPSs via both physical encapsulation and chemical adsorption, but also promote redox kinetics and accelerate the conversion of sulfur species, which is revealed by experiments and theoretical calculations. Meanwhile, the inner hollow polyaniline soft core provides a strong chemical bonding to LiPSs after vulcanization, which can chemically adsorpt LiPSs, and synergistically confine the shuttle effect. Moreover, the Ni(OH)2 nanosheets with a large specific area can enhance the wettability of electrolyte, and the flexible hollow sandwiched structure can accommodate the volume expansion, promoting sulfur utilization and structural stability. The obtained cathode exhibits excellent electrochemical performance with an initial discharge capacity of 1173 mAh g-1 and a small capacity decay of 0.08% per cycle even after 500 cycles at 0.2 C, among the best results of Ni(OH)2 -based materials for Li-S batteries. It is believed that the combination of adsorption-catalysis-conversion will shed a light on the development of cathode materials for stable Li-S batteries.