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BACKGROUND: Squamosa promoter-binding protein-like (SPL) proteins are essential to plant growth and development as plant-specific transcription factors. However, the functions of SPL proteins in wheat need to be further explored. RESULTS: We cloned and characterized TaSPL6B of wheat in this study. Analysis of physicochemical properties revealed that it contained 961 amino acids and had a molecular weight of 105 kDa. Full-length TaSPL6B transcription activity was not validated in yeast and subcellular localization analysis revealed that TaSPL6B was distributed in the nucleus. Ectopic expression of TaSPL6B in Arabidopsis led to increasing number of branches and early flowering. TaSPL6B was highly transcribed in internodes of transgenic Arabidopsis. The expression of AtSMXL6/AtSMXL7/AtSMXL8 (homologous genes of TaD53) was markedly increased, whereas the expression of AtSPL2 (homologous genes of TaSPL3) and AtBRC1 (homologous genes of TaTB1) was markedly reduced in the internodes of transgenic Arabidopsis. Besides, TaSPL6B, TaSPL3 and TaD53 interacted with one another, as demonstrated by yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. Therefore, we speculated that TaSPL6B brought together TaD53 and TaSPL3 and enhanced the inhibition effect of TaD53 on TaSPL3 through integrating light and strigolactone signaling pathways, followed by suppression of TaTB1, a key repressor of tillering. CONCLUSIONS: As a whole, our findings contribute to a better understanding of how SPL genes work in wheat and will be useful for further research into how TaSPL6B affects yield-related traits in wheat.
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Arabidopsis , Proteínas de Plantas , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas , Triticum , Arabidopsis/genética , Arabidopsis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Triticum/genética , Triticum/metabolismo , Triticum/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Brotos de Planta/genética , Brotos de Planta/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Brotos de Planta/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Flores/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Flores/genética , Flores/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The global prevalence of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is increasing due in part to the lack of effective pharmacotherapies. Growing evidence suggests that fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) is crucial for diverse aspects of liver pathophysiology. However, its role in AIH remains unknown. Therefore, we investigated whether FGF4 can regulate M1 macrophage and thereby help treat liver inflammation in AIH. METHODS: We obtained transcriptome-sequencing and clinical data for patients with AIH. Mice were injected with concanavalin A to induce experimental autoimmune hepatitis (EAH). The mechanism of action of FGF4 was examined using macrophage cell lines and bone marrow-derived macrophages. RESULTS: We observed higher expression of markers associated with M1 and M2 macrophages in patients with AIH than that in individuals without AIH. EAH mice showed greater M1-macrophage polarization than control mice. The expression of M1-macrophage markers correlated positively with FGF4 expression. The loss of hepatic Fgf4 aggravated hepatic inflammation by increasing the abundance of M1 macrophages. In contrast, the pharmacological administration of FGF4 mitigated hepatic inflammation by reducing M1-macrophage levels. The efficacy of FGF4 treatment was compromised following the in vivo clearance of macrophage populations. Mechanistically, FGF4 treatment activated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT)-signal pathway in macrophages, which led to reduced M1 macrophages and hepatic inflammation. CONCLUSION: We identified FGF4 as a novel M1/M2 macrophage-phenotype regulator that acts through the PI3K-AKT-signaling pathway, suggesting that FGF4 may represent a novel target for treating inflammation in patients with AIH.
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Polaridade Celular , Fator 4 de Crescimento de Fibroblastos , Hepatite Autoimune , Inflamação , Macrófagos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Polaridade Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Fator 4 de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Hepatite Autoimune/patologia , Hepatite Autoimune/metabolismo , Inflamação/patologia , Fígado/patologia , Fígado/metabolismo , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Ativação de Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Bioactive peptides can hinder oxidative processes and microbial spoilage in foodstuffs and play important roles in treating diverse diseases and disorders. While most of the methods focus on single-functional bioactive peptides and have obtained promising prediction performance, it is still a significant challenge to accurately detect complex and diverse functions simultaneously with the quick increase of multi-functional bioactive peptides. In contrast to previous research on multi-functional bioactive peptide prediction based solely on sequence, we propose a novel multimodal dual-branch (MMDB) lightweight deep learning model that designs two different branches to effectively capture the complementary information of peptide sequence and structural properties. Specifically, a multi-scale dilated convolution with Bi-LSTM branch is presented to effectively model the different scales sequence properties of peptides while a multi-layer convolution branch is proposed to capture structural information. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first effective extraction of peptide sequence features using multi-scale dilated convolution without parameter increase. Multimodal features from both branches are integrated via a fully connected layer for multi-label classification. Compared to state-of-the-art methods, our MMDB model exhibits competitive results across metrics, with a 9.1% Coverage increase and 5.3% and 3.5% improvements in Precision and Accuracy, respectively.
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Phages play a critical role in the assembly and regulation of fermented food microbiome through lysis and lysogenic lifestyle, which in turn affects the yield and quality of fermented foods. Therefore, it is important to investigate and characterize the diversity and function of phages under complex microbial communities and nutrient substrate conditions to provide novel insights into the regulation of traditional spontaneous fermentation. Viral metagenomics has gradually garnered increasing attention in fermented food research to elucidate phage functions and characterize the interactions between phages and the microbial community. Advances in this technology have uncovered a wide range of phages associated with the production of traditional fermented foods and beverages. This paper reviews the common methods of viral metagenomics applied in fermented food research, and summarizes the ecological functions of phages in traditional fermented foods. In the future, combining viral metagenomics with culturable methods and metagenomics will broaden the scope of research on fermented food systems, revealing the complex role of phages and intricate phage-bacterium interactions.
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BACKGROUND: There is a significant increase in the number of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection reports in various countries. However, the trend of reinfection rate over time is not clear. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang for cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies up to March 16, 2023, to conduct a meta-analysis of global SARS-CoV-2 reinfection rate. Subgroup analyses were performed for age, country, study type, and study population, and time-varying reinfection rates of SARS-CoV-2 were estimated using meta-regression. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool. RESULT: A total of 55 studies involving 111,846 cases of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection were included. The pooled SARS-CoV-2 reinfection rate was 0.94% (95% CI: 0.65 -1.35%). In the subgroup analyses, there were statistically significant differences in the pooled reinfection rates by reinfection variant, and study type (P < 0.05). Based on meta-regression, the reinfection rate fluctuated with time. CONCLUSION: Meta-regression analysis found that the overall reinfection rate increased and then decreased over time, followed by a period of plateauing and then a trend of increasing and then decreasing, but the peak of the second wave of reinfection rate was lower than the first wave. SARS-CoV-2 is at risk of reinfection and the Omicron variant has a higher reinfection rate than other currently known variants. The results of this study could help guide public health measures and vaccination strategies in response to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
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COVID-19 , Reinfecção , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/virologia , Humanos , Reinfecção/epidemiologia , Reinfecção/virologia , Saúde GlobalRESUMO
Transition metal phosphides are ideal inexpensive electrocatalysts for water-splitting, but the catalytic activity still falls behind that of noble metal catalysts. Therefore, developing valid strategies to boost the electrocatalytic activity is urgent to promote large-scale applications. Herein, a microwave combustion strategy (20 s) is applied to synthesize N-doped CoP/Ni2P heterojunctions (N-CoP/Ni2P) with porous structure. The porous structure expands the specific surface area and accelerates the mass transport efficiency. Importantly, the pyrrolic N/pyridinic N content is adjusted by changing the amount of urea during the synthesis process and then optimizing the adsorption/desorption capacity for H*/OH* to enhance the catalyst activity. Then, the synthesized N-CoP/Ni2P exhibits small overpotentials of 111 and 133 mV for HER in acidic and alkaline electrolytes and 290 mV for OER in alkaline electrolytes. This work provides an original and efficient approach to the synthesis of porous metal phosphides.
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We investigated the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal symptoms (WMSs) among medical staff and evaluated the associations of different levels of adverse ergonomic factors with WMSs. A total of 6099 Chinese medical staff were asked to complete a self-reported questionnaire to assess the prevalence and risk factors of WMSs from June 2018 to December 2020. A prevalence rate of 57.5% was observed for WMSs among overall medical staffs, which mainly affected the neck (41.7%) and shoulder (33.5%). 'Keeping sitting for long hours very frequently' (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.53) was positively associated with WMSs in doctors, while 'keeping sitting for long hours occasionally' (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.85, 0.97) was identified as a protective factor of WMSs in nurses. The associations of adverse ergonomic factors, organisational factors, and environmental factors with WMSs were different among medical staff in different positions.Practitioner summary: We conducted a multi-city study concerning the risk factors of WMSs by carrying out a face-to-face one-to-multiple questionnaire survey among medical staff in China. As a risk factor of WMSs in medical staff, adverse ergonomic factors should be paid more attention by the standard setting department and policy makers.Abbreviations: WMSDs: work-related musculoskeletal disorders; WMSs: work-related musculoskeletal symptoms; MSDs: musculoskeletal disorders; NMQ: Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaires; DMQ: Dutch Musculoskeletal Questionnaires; NIOSH: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; ORs: odds ratios.
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Doenças Musculoesqueléticas , Doenças Profissionais , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/epidemiologia , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/etiologia , Ergonomia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Risco , Corpo Clínico , China/epidemiologia , PrevalênciaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate lead contamination in commercial foods in Chongqing City, and to assess the health risk of dietary lead exposure of residents in Chongqing City. METHODS: Lead concentration data was obtained from the food safety risk monitoring system, which included a total of 2347 lead-containing food samples in 11 categories in Chongqing from 2016 to 2020. Consumption data was derived from the China Health and Nutrition Survey Project in Chongqing in 2018(3 day, 24 h dietary recall survey). The dietary exposure to lead of residents in Chongqing was calculated by the Monte Carlo simulation method and the margin of exposure(MOE) method was used to evaluate the health risk of the population. RESULTS: The average content of lead in 2347 food samples from 11 categories ranged from 0.0328 to 0.0363 mg/kg, with an overall detection rate of 58.5%. For people aged between 3-6, 7-17, 18-59, and ≥ 60 years, the mean dietary lead intakes in Chongqing were 0.935-1.070, 0.600-0.684, 0.367-0.416, 0.369-0.419 µg/(kg·BW·d), respectively; and the high levels of dietary lead exposure(P95) were 1.642-1.852, 1.147-1.299, 0.651-0.729, 0.659-0.740 µg/(kg·BW·d), respectively. MOE values for lead were less than 1 for age groups 3-6 and 7-17 years. Mean MOE values for lead were greater than 1 for ages 18 to 59 and ≥ 60. Cereals and their products, vegetables and their products, and meat and meat products were the main sources of dietary lead exposure, accounting for more than 85% of the total dietary lead exposure. CONCLUSION: There are potential health risks of lead for residents in Chongqing.
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Exposição Dietética , Chumbo , Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Exposição Dietética/efeitos adversos , China , Grão Comestível , Medição de RiscoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Silencing of the periostin gene (POSTN) can inhibit the biological process of several different cancers, and this inhibition may be related to down-regulation of PI3K/AKT signaling. However, the effect of POSTN on the progression, proliferation, and invasion of osteosarcoma (OS) remain unclear. METHODS: We used the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to screen datasets on in situ OS and lung metastases to identify core genes and potential pathways. We used additional bioinformatics tools to identify protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and gene networks, and selected the top seven genes whose expression had the strongest correlations with other genes. RESULTS: The results indicated that POSTN was a major hub gene. Subsequent analysis of gene expression profiles showed that POSTN was highly expressed in 262 cases with sarcoma and expression was closely related to poor prognosis. We also performed enrichment analysis to identify differentially expressed genes and used real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry analyses to measure POSTN expression in cells and tissues. Transfection of a POSTN-shRNA plasmid into cultured OS cells (Saos-2) effectively inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of these cells. Taken together, our results suggest that POSTN may play a role in promoting the proliferation and metastasis of OS by activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide a preliminary characterization of the mechanism by which POSTN may regulate the migration and invasion of OS cells and also provide a theoretical basis for identifying biomarkers that have potential use for the diagnosis and treatment of OS.
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BACKGROUND: With the acceleration of industrialization and population aging, low back pain (LBP) has become the leading cause of life loss years caused by disability. Thus, it places a huge economic burden on society and is a global public health problem that needs urgent solution. This study aimed to conduct an epidemiological investigation and research on a large sample of workers in key industries in different regions of China, determine the incidence and distribution characteristics of LBP, explore the epidemic law, and provide a reference basis for alleviating global public health problems caused by LBP. METHODS: We adopted a modified epidemiological cross-sectional survey method and a stratified cluster sampling method. All on-duty workers who fulfill the inclusion criteria are taken as the research participants from the representative enterprises in key industries across seven regions: north, east, central, south, southwest, northwest, and northeast China. The Chinese version of the musculoskeletal disease questionnaire, modified by a standardized Nordic questionnaire, was used to collect information, and 57,501 valid questionnaires were received. Descriptive statistics were used, and multivariate logistic regression analysis (p < 0.05) was performed to explore the association between musculoskeletal disorders and potential risk factors. RESULTS: LBP annual incidence among workers in China's key industries is 16.4%. There was a significant difference in LBP incidence among occupational groups across different industries (p < 0.05). The multivariate regression model showed the following as risk factors for LBP: frequent repetitive movements with the trunk, working in the same positions at a high pace, trunk position, frequently turning around with your trunk, often working overtime, lifting heavy loads (i.e., more than 20 kg), education level, staff shortage, working age (years), cigarette smoking, use of vibration tools at work, body mass index, lifting heavy loads (i.e., more than 5 kg), and age (years). Physical exercise, often standing at work, and absolute resting time were protective factors. CONCLUSION: LBP incidence among key industries and workers in China is high. Thus, it is urgent to take relevant measures according to the individual, occupational, and psychosocial factors of LBP to reduce the adverse impact of LBP on workers' health.
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Dor Lombar , Doenças Profissionais , China/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Dor Lombar/epidemiologia , Dor Lombar/etiologia , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
A bimetallic nanoparticles modified halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) hybrid was prepared by embedding AgNPs and modifying AuNPs on the inner or outer wall of dopamine-modified HNTs (DHNTs) in sequence. The resulting bimetallic AgNPs@DHNTs-AuNPs hybrid as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate exhibited improved enhancement ability over monometallic AgNPs@DHNTs, and DHNTs-AuNPs substrates, with intensity ratios of about 48:1:9 (crystal violet) and 11:1:2 (p-phenylenediamine). The giant SERS effect of AgNPs@DHNTs-AuNPs substrate is probably attributed to the synergetic enhancement of the electromagnetic field (Au/Ag), optical plasmon force, molecular enrichment (HNTs), and charge transfer (NPs-dopamine-molecules). The sensitive and reproductive AgNPs@DHNTs-AuNPs substrate was applied for SERS determination of adenine with a linear range of 0.010-0.50 mg·L-1 and a detection limit of 2.2 µg·L-1. The SERS method enables the rapid determination of adenine in fish, chicken kidney and heart, and serum samples, with recoveries of 83.5-121.6% and relative standard deviations of 2.5-7.9%. The SERS substrate has high value for rapid analysis of food and biomarker determinations. Schematic illustration of the preparation of AgNPs@HNTs-AuNPs for SERS analysis of adenine in complex sample.
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Adenina/sangue , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Nanotubos/química , Animais , Biomarcadores/sangue , Galinhas , Argila/química , Dopamina/química , Peixes , Ouro/química , Rim/química , Limite de Detecção , Miocárdio/química , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Prata/química , Análise Espectral Raman/métodosRESUMO
Fast and accurate practical sample detection is a great challenge in on-site detection. Herein, we developed a CoFe2O4@HNTs/AuNPs substrate for rapid and efficient magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection of aromatic amines and nitrofuran in real samples all-in-one. Magnetic CoFe2O4 beads filled inside halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) can avoid aggregation of particles, endow the substrate with the rapid magnetic separation ability to simplify the pretreatment procedure, and reduce complex matrix interference. Meanwhile, outer surface AuNPs can generate electromagnetic enhancement and hot spots to amplify Raman signals of target molecules enriched/concentrated by HNTs. The CoFe2O4@HNTs/AuNPs substrate exhibited excellent SERS activity (high sensitivity, good reproducibility, and repeatability), pH stability (3.0-11.0), and good MSPE ability (fast magnetic enrichment/separation ability within 5 min). The CoFe2O4@HNTs/AuNPs MSPE SERS substrate can be applied for the determination of 4,4'-thioaniline and nitrofurantoin with a linear range of 0.054-21.7 mg/L and 0.05-1.0 mg/L, and the limits of detection were down to 0.026 mg/L and 0.014 mg/L, respectively. Furthermore, the enhancement factor (EF) of the substrate to 4,4'-thioaniline is up to 2.7 × 107. Besides, the substrate can realize practical SERS determination of trace 4,4-thioaniline in cosmetics and nitrofurantoin in fish feed and aquatic samples. The recoveries were varied from 71.6% to 103.6% for 4,4-thioaniline in hair dyes and 81.9% to 116.3% for nitrofurantoin in fish feed and aquatic samples, respectively. Such a robust and efficient MSPE SERS substrate possesses great potential in rapid detection (within 15 min) for a practical sample, and it also provides a methodology for the preparation of other HNTs-based composites.
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BACKGROUND: The study aimed to explore whether sugary beverage consumption is a key mediator of late chronotype, sleep duration, and weight increase in college students in China. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted in four universities using a sample of 800 undergraduate students recruited by cluster sampling. A self-reported questionnaire was given out to collect information, including the characteristic of social demography, state of physical exercise and sugary beverage intake, the types of chronotype, and psychological conditions. Then, two structural equation models (SEMs) were constructed to test the mediating effect of sugary beverage consumption. RESULTS: The significant indirect effect of sugary beverage consumption was found between chronotype and BMI (effect = - 0.03, SE = 0.01, 95% CI [- 0.05, - 0.02]) and between sleep duration and BMI (effect = - 0.12, SE = 0.05, 95% CI [- 0.16, - 0.09]). In addition, physical exercise and psychological condition also play mediating effects between chronotype and BMI (effect = - 0.04, SE = 0.01, 95% CI [- 0.06, - 0.01] and effect = - 0.03, SE = 0.02, 95% CI [- 0.05, - 0.01]), but their mediating effect was not found between sleep duration and BMI. CONCLUSION: Preventive measures should be taken to decrease student's sugary beverage consumption, improve physical exercise, and increase individual well-being to avoid the harmful effects of eveningness. Moreover, the issue of short sleep duration among college students may be further investigated in future research.
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Bebidas/estatística & dados numéricos , Peso Corporal , Ritmo Circadiano , Comportamento Alimentar , Sono , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , China , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Açúcares/análise , UniversidadesRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the status of consumption of cereal and tuber and its impact on macronutrients in among Chongqing City adults. METHODS: Data were collected from 2010-2012 China National Nutrition and Health Survey Surveillance. Multi-stage cluster random sampling was used to collect data among 1435 adults residents in 4 surveillance sites of China National Nutrition and Health Survey in Chongqing City. The number of male was 639, female was 796. The dietary investigation survey method of24-hour recall for three consecutive days were used to collect information on cereal and tuber intakes. Standardization was performed based on the Chinese population data published by National Statistics Bureau in 2009. The cereal and tuber intakes were calculated after weight adjustment with complex sampling. RESULTS: The average consumption of cereal and tuber was 323. 6 g( d. person) for Chongqing City adults in2010-2012. The proportion of energy from the cereal and tuber were 46. 5% and 2. 9%. The proportion of protein from the cereal was 40. 1%. The residents in urban had a lower intake( 280. 8 g) and proportion of energy of cereal and tuber( 37. 6%) than that of rural( 370. 2 g, 62. 1%), so doalso in the proportion of protein from the cereal( urban 28. 9%, rural 53. 9%). CONCLUSION: The intake of cereal and tuber level of the adult residents of in Chongqing City is lower than the national. The residents in urban had a lower intake than that in rural.
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Grão Comestível , Comportamento Alimentar , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Adulto , China , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estado Nutricional , População RuralRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Currently, feasible medical treatments are hitherto not satisfying to relieve pSS symptoms, which concerns numbers of clinical doctors. Acupuncture seems to be an alternative to treat pSS and conduces to good symptomatic results. However further research is necessary. This trial is to investigate the efficacy of acupuncture on improving the key symptoms of pSS, which are dryness, pain and fatigue (DPF). METHODS & DESIGN: The study is designed as a randomized controlled trial of two arms with a single centre. We compare acupuncture with sham acupuncture on symptomatic improvements of pSS. A total of 120 pSS patients, aged at least 18, with DPF, will be randomly assigned to acupuncture or sham acupuncture groups, where they will have needle intervention for 8 weeks with 16 weeks of follow-up. Subjects will be assessed each time before interventions during the 8-week intervention, in week 8 after all interventions and in week 12, 16, 20 and 24 for follow-up with different measurements. The primary outcome are the proportions of subjects that have 30% or greater reduction in at least 2 out of 3 items of DPF in Numeric Analog Scale (NAS) scores (0 = the best, 10 = the severest), calculated between the baseline and the average scores of week 2 to 8. The secondary outcome are related to individual items of NAS scores, EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI), EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI), Schirmer test score and unstimulated salivary flow, serum Immunoglobulin G, A and M levels, Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36 Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), Salivary glands ultrasounds, Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale score. The secondary outcome scores are to be collected at baseline, in week 8, 16, and 24. Besides, individual items of NAS will also be collected in week 12 and 20. Moreover, subjects' satisfaction and the proportion of the subjects who identified their allocation will also be measured and analyzed. DISCUSSION: This study will be the first randomized and controlled pilot trial of acupuncture on alleviating the symptoms of pSS with relatively long-term follow-up. The result of the study might offer a new option to treat pSS and might be a clinical proof that acupuncture has beneficial effects on pSS. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02691377 (February 20, 2016).
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Terapia por Acupuntura , Síndrome de Sjogren/terapia , Terapia por Acupuntura/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Protocolos Clínicos , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Projetos de Pesquisa , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF), a medicinal plant that has been widely used in Chinese traditional medicine, is proven effective for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but its clinical efficacy and safety remain largely undefined in comparison with conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, CBM, and WanFang Databases. Endpoints were ACR 20, 50, and 70, and the number of withdrawals due to adverse events. Initially, traditional pairwise meta-analysis was performed by using a random-effects model. Then, we performed network meta-analysis to compare different therapies by using frequentist approach. RESULTS: A total of 22 trials (5255 participants) were identified. By direct comparison, TwHF was superior to sulphasalazine according to ACR 20, 50 and 70. TwHF was superior to placebo according to ACR 20 and 50. By indirect comparisons, TwHF was superior to methotrexate, leflunomide, sulphasalazine, tacrolimus, minocycline and placebo according to ACR 20. Ranking by the Surface under the Cumulative Ranking curve (SUCRA) values showed that TwHF had the greatest probability for being the best treatment option according to ACR 20 (92.0 %) and ACR 50 (81.3 %), and the highest probability to be in the second (57.8 %) ranking position after leflunomide (69.6 %) according to ACR 70. By both direct and indirect comparisons, TwHF caused no more significant withdrawals than the placebo. The SUCRA values showed that TwHF had the highest probability to rank sixth (26.7 %) after the placebo (45.6 %) in causing withdrawals. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that TwHF is effective and safe in the treatment of RA and has better clinical efficacy in terms of ACR 20 and 50 than existing conventional synthetic DMARDs. In the absence of head-to-head treatment comparison, the confidence in these estimates is low. Future comparative efficacy studies are warranted.
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Antirreumáticos/uso terapêutico , Artrite Reumatoide/tratamento farmacológico , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Tripterygium/química , HumanosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The ongoing infusion of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) into ecosystems sustains a perpetual life cycle and leads to multi-generational exposures. Limited understanding of their environmental impact and their intrinsic ability to induce physiological effect in humans, even at low doses, pose great risks to human health. Few scholarly works have conducted systematic research into the occurrence of PPCPs within potable water systems. Concurrently, the associated monitoring techniques have not been comprehensively examined with regards to the specific nature of drinking water, namely whether the significant presence of disinfectants may influence the detection of PPCPs. RESULTS: A modified approach in terms of detailed investigation of sample preservation and optimization of an in-lab fabricated solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge filled with DVB-VP and PS-DVB sorbent was proposed. Favorable methodological parameters were achieved, with correlation coefficients spanning from 0.9866 to 0.9998. The LODs of the PPCPs fluctuated from 0.001 to 2 µg L-1, while the LOQs varied from 0.002 to 5 µg L-1. The analysis of spiked samples disclosed a methodological precision of 2.31-9.86 % and a recovery of 52.4-119 %. We utilized the established method for analyzing 14 water samples of three categories (source water, finished water and tap water) from five centralized water supply plants. A total of 24 categories encompassing 72 PPCPs were detected, with the concentrations of PPCPs manifested a marked decrease from source water to finished water and finally to tap water. SIGNIFICANCE: Our research meticulously examined the enhancement and purification effects of widely used commercial SPE cartridges and suggested the use of in-lab fabricated SPE cartridges packed with DVB-VP and PS-DVB adsorbents. We also conducted a systematic evaluation of the need to incorporate ascorbic acid and sodium thiosulfate as preservatives for PPCP measurement, in consideration of the unique characteristics of drinking water matrices, specifically, the significant concentration levels of disinfectants. Furthermore, the proposed method was effectively employed to study the presence of PPCPs in source water, finished water, and tap water collected from centralized water supply plants.
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Extração em Fase Sólida , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Extração em Fase Sólida/métodos , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Poluentes Químicos da Água/isolamento & purificação , Preparações Farmacêuticas/análise , Abastecimento de Água , Água Potável/análise , Cosméticos/análise , Cosméticos/química , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to understand the health of workers exposed to occupational noise and explore the influencing factors related to workers' health, especially the impact of noise on workers' hearing. This work can provide a basis for formulating relevant measures for occupational noise prevention and control in the future. METHODS: On the basis of the key occupational disease monitoring project in Chongqing, China, in 2021, the data of 1125 workers exposed to occupational noise were analyzed. Data included demographic information, occupational history, clinical physical examination information, and noise detection information of the working environment. Chi-square test and multifactorial logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence rates of abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG), blood pressure (BP), and pure tone audiometry (PTA) were 21.9% (246/1125), 27.8% (313/1125), and 18.0% (202/1125), respectively. Male workers accounted for 78.8%. Compared with male workers, female workers had a lower prevalence of abnormal PTA (OR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.16-0.50). Workers working in medium enterprises had a lower prevalence of abnormal BP than workers in micro enterprises (OR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.19-0.66). The prevalence of abnormal BP and PTA of workers increased with age. After adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index, the prevalence of abnormal ECG of mining workers was higher than that of manufacturing workers (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.07-2.24), and the prevalence of abnormal PTA had a rising trend with the increase in noise exposure value. CONCLUSION: Noise-exposed workers have a high prevalence of abnormal ECG, BP, and PTA, and factors such as age, enterprise size, and workplace noise exposure are correlated with the aberrant health of workers. Governments, enterprises, and individuals need to attach great importance to the possible adverse effects of noise. They must also actively adopt various effective measures to protect the occupational safety and health of workers.
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Ruído Ocupacional , Exposição Ocupacional , Humanos , Ruído Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Masculino , China/epidemiologia , Feminino , Estudos Transversais , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Prevalência , Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído/epidemiologia , Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído/etiologia , Pressão Sanguínea , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Eletrocardiografia , Audiometria de Tons Puros , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Influenza vaccination is the most cost-effective strategy for influenza prevention. Influenza vaccines have been found to be effective against symptomatic and medically attended outpatient influenza illnesses. However, there is currently a lack of data regarding the effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccines in Chongqing, China. We conducted a prospective observational test-negative design study. Outpatient and emergency cases presenting with influenza-like illnesses (ILI) and available influenza reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were selected and classified as cases (positive influenza RT-PCR) or controls (negative influenza RT-PCR). A total of 7,307 cases of influenza and 7,905 control subjects were included in this study. The overall adjusted influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) was 44.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 32.5-54.2%). In the age groups of less than 6 years old, 6-18 years old, and 19-59 years old, the adjusted IVE were 32.2% (95% CI: 10.0-48.9%), 48.2% (95% CI: 30.6-61.4%), and 72.0% (95% CI: 43.6-86.1%). The adjusted IVE for H1N1, H3N2 and B (Victoria) were 71.1% (95% CI: 55.4-81.3%), 36.1% (95% CI: 14.6-52.2%) and 33.7% (95% CI: 14.6-48.5%). Influenza vaccination was effective in Chongqing from 2018 to 2022. Evaluating IVE in this area is feasible and should be conducted annually in the future.
Assuntos
Vacinas contra Influenza , Influenza Humana , Eficácia de Vacinas , Humanos , Vacinas contra Influenza/imunologia , Vacinas contra Influenza/administração & dosagem , China/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Criança , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Prospectivos , Lactente , Idoso , Vacinação/estatística & dados numéricos , Vacinas de Produtos Inativados/imunologia , Vacinas de Produtos Inativados/administração & dosagem , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/imunologia , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/imunologia , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Vírus da Influenza B/imunologia , Vírus da Influenza B/genéticaRESUMO
Developing electrocatalysts with high activity and durability for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in both acidic and alkaline electrolytes remains challenging. In this study, we synthesize a self-supported ruthenium-iron oxide on carbon cloth (Ru-Fe-Ox/CC) using solvothermal methods followed by air calcination. The morphology of the nanoparticle exposes numerous active sites vital for electrocatalysis. Additionally, the strong electronic interaction between Ru and Fe enhances electrocatalytic kinetics optimization. The porous structure of the carbon cloth matrix facilitates mass transport, improving electrolyte penetration and bubble release. Consequently, Ru-Fe-Ox/CC demonstrates excellent catalytic performance, achieving low overpotentials of 32 mV and 28 mV for HER and 216 mV and 228 mV for OER in acidic and alkaline electrolytes, respectively. Notably, only 1.48 V and 1.46 V are required to reach 10 mA cm-2 for efficient water-splitting in both mediums, exhibiting remarkable stability. This research offers insights into designing versatile, highly efficient catalysts suitable for varied pH conditions.