Clinical characteristics and prognostic characterization of endometrial carcinoma: a comparative analysis of molecular typing protocols.

BACKGROUND: Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is one of the most common gynecological malignancies in China and globally, accounting for the fourth-prevalent cancer in women. Although numerous studies have confirmed prognostic value of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) molecular subgroups, it is unclear how they are combined with histological features. The main objective of this study was to compare ProMisE and TCGA classification for the rapid and accurate prediction of prognosis within EC patients, together with the provision of a revised strategy for individualized diagnosis and treatment of patients. METHODS: Within this study, 70 patients with EC from Beijing Tsinghua Changgeng Hospital (affiliated to Tsinghua University) were retrospectively examined between July 2015 and December 2021. Samples were processed for determination of clinical markers, together with ProMisE and TCGA classification. RESULTS: Comparative analysis across four TCGA types (POLE, Low-CN, High-CN, and MSI-H) and age, was statistically significant (χ²= 7.000, p = 0.029). There was no significant difference observed among the four TCGA types and FIGO stage, vascular invasion and depth of invasion, or lymph node metastasis and tumor area. There was no significant association between the expression of Vimentin, Ki-67, PTEN, MSH2, PAX-8, ß-catenin, CD10, ER, PR, P16, MLH1, and PMS2 with the four TCGA types. In addition, p63 expression (χ²= 11.09, p = 0.029) and p53 expression (χ²= 11.585, p = 0.005) were statistically significant. Numerous models demonstrated that patients with POLE mutations and low-CN had higher progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), whereas those with high-CN had lowest values. The log-rank test revealed that the survival rate of PR-positive and ER-positive patients was significantly higher (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Overall, these results can be of additional benefit for clinical applications, in comparison to the ProMisE classification method. In addition, PR, ER, vascular infiltration, hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis were found to be the key factors affecting EC prognosis.

Activation of FXR receptor reduces damage of ET-1 on H9C2 cardiomyocytes by activating AMPK signaling pathway.

BACKGROUND: To investigate the effect of Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) on oxidative stress injury of H9C2 cardiomyocytes induced by endothelin-1 (ET-1), and to explore the possible mechanism. METHODS: H9C2 cardiomyocytes were treated with ET-1 at concentrations of 10-8, 10-7 and 10-6 mmol/L for 12, 24, 36, and 48 h, respectively. At the same time, oxidative stress injury models were established. After the oxidative stress injury model was established, GW4064 (FXR agonist), siRNA-FXR (the virus interfered with FXR expression) and FXR empty virus were treated for 48 h. CCK-8 method was used to observe the survival rate of cardiomyocytes. Biochemical kit method was used to detect Creatine Kinase (CK) contents, CAT and mitochondrial activity. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of SOD1, AMPK and p-AMPK. And real-time PCR was used to detect GPX1 mRNA, GPX3 mRNA, Sirt1 mRNA, PGC-1α mRNA expression levels. RESULTS: At the concentrations of 10-8, 10-7 and 10-6 mmol/L, ET-1 could induce the decrease of mitochondrial complex I and III activity, and increase of CK content in H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Moreover, with the increase of ET-1 concentration and the extension of culture time, the oxidative stress damage of cardiomyocytes became more serious. After ET-1 intervention, the expressions of p-AMPK protein, Sirt1 mRNA and PGC-1α mRNA were decreased. The 2 µmol/L GW4064 could effectively improve the oxidative stress induced by ET-1, and compared with the ET-1 group, the survival rate of H9C2 cardiomyocytes increased obviously. In addition, the CK content was decreased. On the contrary, the mitochondrial complex I and III, and CAT activity increased significantly, and the expressions of SOD1 and p-AMPK protein, Sirt1 mRNA and PGC-1α mRNA increased obviously. However, siRNA-FXR can partially block the improvement effect of FXR agonist on cardiomyocytes injury. CONCLUSIONS: Activation of FXR receptor may reduce the damage of ET-1 on H9C2 cardiomyocytes by activating AMPK signaling pathway.

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the sternum.

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare vascular tumor composed of dendritic and endothelial cells, and accounts for less than 1% of all vascular tumors. The tumor may arise from any location in the body, but it has a predilection for veins of the extremities, the liver, bone, and skin. Herein, we report a case of a 43-year-old man who presented with a chest mass accompanied by chest pain. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest showed a 3 cm × 2 cm sternal mass in the chest wall. We performed tumor resection and reconstruction of the chest wall. EHE was confirmed via postoperative pathology. The patient underwent postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy, and no evidence of tumor recurrence was discovered during the one-year follow up.

Antidiastole Value of Three-dimensional Ultrasonography and Power Doppler between Uterine Parenchyma Lumps and Endometrial Cancer: A Retrospective Study.

Sometimes endometrial polyps, submucosal myomas, and endometrial cancer show similar findings under ultrasonography. The aim of this study was to assess the antidiastole value of blood flow parameters using three-dimensional (3D) power Doppler ultrasonography angiography (PDA) between endometrial cancer and uterine parenchyma lumps. The data of the blood flow indices in 3D-PDA including the vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI), and vascularization flow index (VFI) in 40 patients with endometrial cancer and 41 patients with uterine parenchyma lumps (endometrial polyps and submucosal myomas) were retrospectively analysed and compared utilizing Virtual Organ Computer-aided AnaLysis (VOCAL) software. The results showed that all the blood flow parameters (VI, FI, VFI) were significantly higher in women with endometrial cancer than in those with uterine parenchyma lumps (P<0.001). The area under the curve of ROC of VI, FI, and VFI was 0.98, 0.84, and 0.97, respectively. Thus, the best predictor of endometrial carcinoma was VI with a sensitivity of 97.0% and a specificity of 91.0%. The optimal cutoff value of VI was 4.06%. Our data demonstrated that all of the blood flow signal parameters (including VI, FI, and VFI) in 3D power Doppler ultrasonography had significant antidiastole values between endometrial cancer and uterine parenchyma lumps to assist clinicians in properly diagnosing patients.

In vitro osteoclast-suppressing effect of sodium ibandronate.

BACKGROUND: Bisphosphonates (BPs) have been reported to reduce local recurrence in giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone because of their osteoclast-suppressing effect; however, the optimal mode of delivery and the dose and duration of treatment of BPs remain to be established. To address these issues, it is first necessary to clarify the manner of action of BPs on osteoclasts. We herein evaluated the osteoclast-suppressing effect of sodium ibandronate in vitro. METHODS: Mouse osteoclasts (OCLs) were generated in vitro using mouse bone marrow mononuclear cells. First, various concentrations of sodium ibandronate and equal amounts of phosphate-buffered saline were added to cell culture media. The number of multinucleated cells (over three nuclei) was recorded in each group, OCL formation was compared, and the most effective concentration of sodium ibandronate was determined. Then, high concentrations of sodium ibandronate were added to the experimental cell culture media; no ibandronate was given in the control group. Comparisons were made between the two groups in terms of OCL adhesion, migration, and bone resorption. RESULTS: OCL formation was suppressed by sodium ibandronate in vitro; the most pronounced effect was observed at the concentration of 10(-5) mol/L. OCL migration and bone resorption were significantly suppressed at this concentration, though there was no effect on OCL adhesion. CONCLUSIONS: Sodium ibandronate was effective in suppressing OCLs and decreasing resorption in GCT. The strong anti-OCL effectiveness at a high concentration in vitro indicates a topical mode of application.

Encapsulation of the ethylene inhibitor 1-Methylcyclopropene by cucurbit[6]uril.

1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) is an excellent safe and commercially available ethylene antagonist for the preservation of horticultural products. However 1-MCP has to be stored in absorbents due to its gaseous and unstable characteristics. In this paper cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) was used as the absorbent to encapsulate 1-MCP, and the resultant inclusion complex was characterized by IR, powder X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and fluorescent spectra. The effects of encapsulation conditions on the formation of inclusion complex were also investigated. The amount of 1-MCP encapsulated by CB[6] was about 4.5% by weight when the initial concentration of 1-MCP, encapsulation temperature, CB[6] concentration, and encapsulation time were set at 75 mL/L, 20 °C, 30 mM, and 8 h, respectively. Furthermore, the release of 1-MCP from the complex can be realized with different solutions such as sodium bicarbonate, benzoic acid, and distilled water. CB[6] can be used as an excellent absorbent for encapsulation of 1-MCP.