Exercise Therapy Research in Ankylosing Spondylitis-Induced Back Pain: A Bibliometric Study (2004-2023).

BACKGROUND Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a chronic inflammatory disease predominantly causing back pain, affects up to 0.5% of the global population, more commonly in males. Frequently undiagnosed in early stages, AS is often associated with comorbid depression and anxiety, imposing significant healthcare burdens. Despite available pharmaceutical treatments, exercise therapy (ET) has emerged as an effective, side-effect-free alternative, particularly for managing AS-induced back pain. This study aims to explore the research trends in ET for treating AS back pain from 2004-2023. MATERIAL AND METHODS A comprehensive analysis of 437 articles, sourced from the Science Citation Index-Expanded within the Web of Science Core Collection, was conducted using CiteSpace 6.2.R5. This study spanned from 2004 to October 15, 2023, examining publications, authors, institutions, and keywords to assess keyword co-occurrences, temporal progressions, and citation bursts. RESULTS Research interest in ET for AS began escalating around 2008 and has since shown steady growth. The USA emerged as a significant contributor, with Van der Heijde, Desiree, and RUDWALEIT M being notable authors. Key institutions include Assistance Publique Hopitaux Paris and UDICE-French Research Universities, with ANN RHEUM DIS being the most influential journal. The field's evolution is marked by interdisciplinary integration and branching into various sub-disciplines. CONCLUSIONS Exercise therapy for AS-induced back pain is a growing research area, necessitating further exploration in clinical management and rehabilitation strategies. The relationship between ET and osteoimmunological mechanisms remains a focal point for future research, with a trend towards personalized and interdisciplinary treatment approaches.

[Detection of chicken dominant white gene PMEL17 mutation site by a pooling method].

Dominant white locus is one of the major loci affecting feather color in the domestic chicken and its dominant allele I can inhibit the synthesis of the melanin. Therefore, the homozygotes (I/I) or heterozygotes (I/i) show a white phenotype. It has been confirmed that the Dominant white locus encodes PMEL17 protein which is a specific protein and plays a key role in the development of melanocytes, thus PMEL17 gene is identified as a positional candidate gene for the dominant white phenotype in chicken. In our present study, we created an economic and efficient pooling method for detecting PMEL17 mutations in large populations, known as PCR product pooling method, and the steps are as follows: firstly, PMEL17 segments containing the mutation site from individual genomic DNA samples were amplified by PCR; secondly, 10 PCR products were mixed in a pool, and then the pooled PCR samples were separated on non-denatured PAGE gels; and finally, the mutation profile of PMEL17 in certain populations were analyzed. In addition, a comparative study between the genomic DNA pooling and the PCR product pooling method was performed, and the mutation of PMEL17 was also ana-lyzed in our experimental population. In conclusion, the PCR product pooling method proved to be appropriate power to test gene mutations.

[Polymorphisms of chicken apoA5 gene and association with carcass traits of chickens].

Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified by PCR-SSCP and sequencing in the chicken apoA5 gene in F2 chickens from an experimental cross of White Plymouth Rock x Silkies. One SNP(C-169T) located on the 5'-regulatory region, another two in the second exon were transitions of C to T (600) and T to C (635). Four SNPs in the third exon were found, which were C841G, C914T, C1142G, C1394T. The association of the polymorphisms with carcass traits was investigated. The most significant results were yielded from primer apoA3F/R: the abdominal fat weight of CC chickens were significantly higher than that of AA, AB, AC, BB and BC chickens (P<0.05); AC chickens had lower liver weight than that of AA, AB, BB, BC and CC (P<0.05); BC chickens had lower heart weight than that of BB (P<0.05).

[mRNA expression of genes related to avian sex determination during female-to-male sex reversal in ZW chicken embryos].

Dsx and mab-3-related transcription factor (DMRT1), Protein kinase C inhibitor (PKCIW) and Female-specific expression transcription factor (FET1) have been regarded as critical candidates of avian sex determination. Their mRNA expression was analyzed in chicken embryos during experimentally induced female-to-male sex-reversal by an aromatase inhibitor (AI) fadrozole. DMRT1 expression was higher in male (ZZ) gonads than in female (ZW) gonad prior to and throughout the period of sex differentiation. However, female-to-male sex-reversed ZW embryos showed elevated levels of DMRT1 expression similar to those of normal males, indicating that DMRT1 was associated with testis development. PKCIW gene expression was dimorphic between male and female gonads, and was up-regulated in AI-treated female embryos. This finding might account for the specific effect of PKCIW, functioning via heterodimerization with PKCI during avian sex determination. However, its elevated expression appeared to be insufficient to induce ovary development. On the other hand, FET1 expression was female-specific and unchanged in AI-treated female embryos. Results of present experiment suggested that DMRT1 is a determinant for testis development in birds.

[Expression profiling of GH, GHR, and IGF-1 genes in sex-linked dwarf chickens].

In this study, quantitative real-time PCR was used to compare the mRNA expression of GH, GHR, and IGF-1 genes in livers of sex-linked dwarf chickens with their normal siblings. The results showed that there was no significant difference between dwarf and normal chickens in GH expression. The expression of GHR gene was more than 3-fold higher in dwarf chickens, compared with that of the normal. However, the transcription level of IGF-1 decreased dramatically in the sex-linked dwarf. These observations suggest that the dwarf phenotype occurs independent of GH action, but is due to a dysfunctional GHR. A 1.7 kb deletion has been reported in exon 10 and the 3'untranslated region (UTR) of the GHR gene in dwarf chickens. This transcript could be translated into a protein that does not retain its normal function, which would ac-count for the absence of GH-binding activity in liver membranes of the dwarf chickens.

Toward better control of Salmonella contamination by taking advantage of the egg's self-defense system: a review.

Egg-associated salmonellosis is a major problem for food safety. It can be caused by vertical transmission (transovarian transmission) in hens and horizontal transmission though penetration. Despite a series of physical and chemical defense mechanisms naturally found in eggs, they cannot provide complete protection for them. Environmental hygiene, bacteria vectors such as birds, rodent, flies, and beetles along with feed and water contamination are the most frequently reported causes of Salmonella colonization in hens, and finally to eggs. In addition, inappropriate egg handling will cause eggs to lose their self-protection ability, thus resulting in the survival and multiplication of Salmonella in an egg's contents, which contributes to the horizontal dissemination. The routes of Salmonella contamination were discussed, and the effectiveness and shortcomings of different decontamination methods were evaluated in this review. Various studies on egg storage indicated that the low-temperature storage without temperature fluctuation was beneficial for the control of Salmonella. This review, based on an understanding of the stages of Salmonella transmission and an egg's self-protection mechanisms, highlights a comprehensive strategy toward Salmonella control in a process from egg production and handling to human consumption.