RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has shown variable results in COVID-19 pneumonia however, some evidence supports benefit. Here we compare our institution's ECMO outcomes across multiple waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: All patients who received ECMO for COVID-19 between March 1, 2020, and March 1, 2021, were reviewed. Patients received venovenous (VV) or right ventricular assist device (RVAD/ECMO) ECMO. Early (March 1-July 6, 2020, Era 1) and late (July 7, 2020-March 1, 2021, Era 2) pandemic RVAD/ECMO patients were compared. RESULTS: Fifty-four patients received ECMO of which 16 (29.6%) patients received VV ECMO and 38 (70.4%) RVAD/ECMO. Median age was 53.0 years, body mass index 36.1 kg/m2 , 41.2% female, and 49% Caucasian. The most common pre-cannulation treatments included steroids (79.6%) and convalescent plasma (70.4%). Median time from admission to cannulation was 7.0 days. Median support time was 30.5 days (VV ECMO 35.0 days, RVAD/ECMO 26.0 days). In- hospital mortality was 42.6% (39.5% RVAD/ECMO, 50.0% VV ECMO). Significant morbidities included infection (80.8%), bleeding events (74.5%), and renal replacement therapy (30.8%). Cumulative mortality 120-days post-cannulation was 45.7% (VV ECMO 60.8%, RVAD/ECMO 40.0%). RVAD/ECMO Era 1 demonstrated a significantly lower cumulative mortality (16.2%) compared to Era 2 (60.4%). Competing risk analysis found age (HR 0.95, [95% CI 0.92, 0.98] p = 0.005) to be a protective factor for survival. CONCLUSION: ECMO support for COVID-19 is beneficial but carries significant morbidity. RVAD/ECMO support demonstrated consistent advantages in survival to VV-ECMO, but with declining efficacy across time during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Oxigenação por Membrana Extracorpórea , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Oxigenação por Membrana Extracorpórea/métodos , COVID-19/terapia , Pandemias , Estudos Retrospectivos , Soroterapia para COVID-19Assuntos
Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica , Azul de Metileno , Aorta , Humanos , Azul de Metileno/efeitos adversos , Oximetria , LeituraAssuntos
Ponte Cardiopulmonar/efeitos adversos , Hidroxocobalamina/administração & dosagem , Duração da Cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/tratamento farmacológico , Vasoplegia/tratamento farmacológico , Idoso , Ponte Cardiopulmonar/tendências , Humanos , Masculino , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Vasoplegia/etiologia , Complexo Vitamínico B/administração & dosagemAssuntos
Hidroxocobalamina/administração & dosagem , Complicações Intraoperatórias/tratamento farmacológico , Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Vasoplegia/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Idoso , Humanos , Infusões Intravenosas , Complicações Intraoperatórias/diagnóstico por imagem , Complicações Intraoperatórias/etiologia , Masculino , Resultado do Tratamento , Vasoplegia/diagnóstico por imagem , Vasoplegia/etiologia , Complexo Vitamínico B/administração & dosagemAssuntos
Antiparkinsonianos/uso terapêutico , Pressão Arterial/efeitos dos fármacos , Droxidopa/uso terapêutico , Transplante de Coração , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/tratamento farmacológico , Vasoplegia/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Oral , Antiparkinsonianos/administração & dosagem , Droxidopa/administração & dosagem , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Insuficiência de Múltiplos Órgãos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/fisiopatologia , Síndrome , Vasoplegia/fisiopatologiaAssuntos
Insuficiência da Valva Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagem , Átrios do Coração/diagnóstico por imagem , Falência Renal Crônica/complicações , Flutter Atrial/diagnóstico por imagem , Calcinose/cirurgia , Ecocardiografia Transesofagiana , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valva Mitral/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
We present the case of a patient with chronic fatigue secondary to Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) who had distinctive abnormalities in his arterial waveform morphology as assessed by pulse oximetry. Moreover, the patient's arterial waveform changed markedly from being supine to upright, suggesting that arterial flow patterns may be abnormal in our patient. Analysis of the waveform suggested a positional hypovolemia as the cause of his orthostatic intolerance. We review general aspects of arterial flow waveform analysis pertinent to health care providers and discuss the pathophysiology of POTS.
Assuntos
Fadiga/fisiopatologia , Síndrome da Taquicardia Postural Ortostática/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Doença Crônica , Fadiga/etiologia , Humanos , Hipovolemia/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Oximetria/métodos , Síndrome da Taquicardia Postural Ortostática/complicações , Postura/fisiologia , Análise de OndaletasRESUMO
PURPOSE: To retrospectively compare fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and physical examination 4-6 months after radiotherapy for assessing residual head-and-neck cancer (HNC). METHODS AND MATERIALS: From July 2002 through March 2006, 52 HNC patients underwent definitive radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Categoric assessments of residual tumor by PET/CT and physical examination 4-6 months after therapy were correlated and compared with clinical outcomes. Pretreatment data, including tumor stage and primary site standardized uptake value, were also gathered retrospectively and correlated with clinical outcomes. Median follow-up time was 58 months. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients had either locoregionally "positive" (17 of 21) or "equivocal" (4 of 21) PET/CT scans, whereas 31 patients had locoregionally negative scans. Four patients failed treatment and had biopsy-confirmed residual or recurrent local disease. All patients, including patients with locally suspicious scans or examinations who refused biopsies, were followed clinically for a minimum of 29 months after therapy, with no other cases of treatment failure detected during this time. No patient had residual nodal disease after therapy. Sensitivities of PET/CT vs. physical examination for early detection of treatment failure were 100% vs. 50%, whereas the specificities of the two modalities were 64.6% vs. 89.6%, respectively. Higher initial T stage and American Joint Commission on Cancer stage correlated with increased incidence of positive/equivocal PET/CT results and treatment failure. Maximal standardized uptake value was not predictive of any clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS: A negative result on PET/CT obtained 4-6 months after radiotherapy is highly sensitive and correlates with successful locoregional control. Patients with negative scans may reasonably be spared invasive diagnostic procedures, such as biopsy and neck dissection, unless recurrent disease is suspected on clinical grounds. Close follow-up is prudent for HNC patients with abnormal findings on posttherapy PET/CT scan.
Assuntos
Fluordesoxiglucose F18 , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/diagnóstico , Imagem Multimodal , Exame Físico , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Quimiorradioterapia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/radioterapia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasia Residual , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Falha de Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The vertebrate nuclear pore protein Nup153 contains a novel RNA binding domain. This 150-amino acid region was previously found to bind preferentially to a panel of mRNAs when compared with structured RNAs, such as tRNA, U snRNA, and double-stranded RNA. The ability to broadly recognize mRNA led to the conclusion that the Nup153 RNA binding domain confers a general affinity for single-stranded RNA. Here, we have probed Nup153 RNA recognition to decipher how this unique RNA binding domain discriminates between potential targets. We first mapped the binding determinant within an RNA fragment that associates relatively robustly with the Nup153 RNA binding domain. We next designed synthetic RNA oligonucleotides to systematically delineate the features within this minimal RNA fragment that are key to Nup153 RNA-binding domain binding and demonstrated that the binding preferences of Nup153 do not reflect general preferences of an mRNA/single-stranded RNA-binding protein. We further found that the association between Nup153 and a cellular mRNA can be attributed to an interaction with specific subregions of the RNA. These results indicate that Nup153 can discriminate between mRNA and other classes of RNA transcripts due in part to direct recognition of a loose sequence motif. This information adds a new dimension to the interfaces that can contribute to recognition in mRNA export cargo selection and fate.